- Ryōji Noyori
-
Ryōji Noyori
Born 3 September 1938
Kobe, JapanNationality Japanese Fields Chemistry, Asymmetric_catalysis Institutions RIKEN, Nagoya University Alma mater Kyoto University, Nagoya University, Harvard University Doctoral advisor Elias J. Corey Notable awards Nobel Prize for Chemistry (2001), Wolf_Prize_in_Chemistry (2001) Ryōji Noyori (野依 良治 Noyori Ryōji , born September 3, 1938) is a Japanese chemist. He won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2001. Noyori shared half of the prize with William S. Knowles for the study of chirally catalyzed hydrogenations; the second half of the Prize went to K. Barry Sharpless for his study in chirally catalyzed oxidation reactions (Sharpless epoxidation).
Contents
Biography
Ryōji Noyori was born in Kobe, Japan. He became fascinated with chemistry at age twelve, after hearing a presentation on nylon. He saw the power of chemistry as being the ability to "produce high value from almost nothing". He was a student at Kyoto University, an instructor in the research group of Hitoshi Nozaki, and an associate professor at Nagoya University. After postdoctoral work with Elias J. Corey at Harvard he returned to Nagoya, becoming a full professor in 1972. He is still based at Nagoya, though he is also now president of RIKEN, a multi-site national research initiative with an annual budget of $800 million. In 2000 Noyori became Honorary Doctor at the University of Rennes 1 where he taught in 1995,[1] and in 2005, he became Honorary Doctor at Technical University of Munich and RWTH Aachen University, Germany.
Research
Noyori believes strongly in the power of catalysis and of green chemistry; in a recent article he argues for the pursuit of "practical elegance in synthesis".[2] In this article he states that "our ability to devise straightforward and practical chemical syntheses is indispensable to the survival of our species." Elsewhere he has said that "Research is for nations and mankind, not for researchers themselves." He encourages scientists to be politically active- "Researchers must spur public opinions and government policies toward constructing the sustainable society in the 21st century."[3]
Noyori is currently a chairman of the Education Rebuilding Council, which was set up by Japan's PM Shinzō Abe after he came to power in 2006.[4]
Noyori is most famous for asymmetric hydrogenation using as catalysts complexes of rhodium and ruthenium, particularly those based on the BINAP ligand. (See Noyori asymmetric hydrogenation) Asymmetric hydrogenation of an alkene in the presence of ((S)-BINAP)Ru(OAc)2 is used for the commercial production of enantiomerically pure (97% ee) naproxen, used as an anti-inflammatory drug. The anti-bacterial agent levofloxacin is manufactured by asymmetric hydrogenation of ketones in the presence of a Ru(II) BINAP halide complex.
He has also worked on other asymmetric processes. Each year 3000 tonnes (after new expansion) of menthol are produced (in 94% ee) by Takasago International Co., using Noyori's method for isomerisation of allylic amines.[5]
More recently he and Jessop have developed an industrial process for the manufacture of N,N-dimethylformamide from hydrogen, dimethylamine and supercritical carbon dioxide in the presence of RuCl2(PMe3)4 as catalyst.[6]
Publications
- Organic synthesis in Japan : past, present, and future : in commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan / editor in chief, Ryoji Noyori (1992)
- Asymmetric catalysis in organic synthesis(1994)
See also
References
- ^ (French) Ryoji Noyori, honorary doctorate awarded Nobel Price, Rennes1 campus, November–December 2001
- ^ Noyori, Ryoji (2005). "Pursuing practical elegance in chemical synthesis". Chemical Communications (14): 1807. doi:10.1039/B502713F.
- ^ Keynote address, June 23, 2005, at the Second International Conference on Green and Sustainable Chemistry, Washington DC.
- ^ Abe panel wants kids in class more, plus harsher discipline | The Japan Times Online. Search.japantimes.co.jp (2007-01-20). Retrieved on 2011-06-27.
- ^ Japan: Takasago to Expand L-Menthol Production in Iwata Plant. FlexNews. 10/01/2008
- ^ Walter Leitner; Philip G. Jessop (1999). Chemical synthesis using supercritical fluids. Wiley-VCH. pp. 408–. ISBN 9783527296057. http://books.google.com/books?id=-9yqpBozUuYC&pg=PA408. Retrieved 27 June 2011.
External links
- Ryoji Noyori Nobel lecture (2001)
- Ryoji Noyori Nobel lecture video (2001)
- Autobiography
- Biographical snapshots: Ryoji Noyori, Journal of Chemical Education web site.
- T. J. Colacot. "2001 Nobel Prize in Chemistry". Platinum Metals Review 2002, 46(2), 82–83.
- Noyori, Ryoji at ISIHighlyCited.com
Nobel Laureates in Chemistry (2001–2025) - William Knowles / Ryoji Noyori / K. Barry Sharpless (2001)
- John B. Fenn / Koichi Tanaka / Kurt Wüthrich (2002)
- Peter Agre / Roderick MacKinnon (2003)
- Aaron Ciechanover / Avram Hershko / Irwin Rose (2004)
- Robert H. Grubbs / Richard R. Schrock / Yves Chauvin (2005)
- Roger D. Kornberg (2006)
- Gerhard Ertl (2007)
- Osamu Shimomura / Martin Chalfie / Roger Y. Tsien (2008)
- Venkatraman Ramakrishnan / Thomas A. Steitz / Ada E. Yonath (2009)
- Richard F. Heck / Akira Suzuki / Ei-ichi Negishi (2010)
- Dan Shechtman (2011)
- Complete list
- (1901–1925)
- (1926–1950)
- (1951–1975)
- (1976–2000)
- (2001–2025)
Wolf Prize in Chemistry Laureates - Carl Djerassi (1978)
- Herman Mark (1979)
- Henry Eyring (1980)
- Joseph Chatt (1981)
- John Charles Polanyi / George C. Pimentel (1982)
- Herbert S. Gutowsky / Harden M. McConnell / John S. Waugh (1983/4)
- Rudolph A. Marcus (1984/5)
- Elias James Corey / Albert Eschenmoser (1986)
- David C. Phillips / David Blow (1987)
- Joshua Jortner / Raphael David Levine (1988)
- Duilio Arigoni / Alan R. Battersby (1989)
- Richard R. Ernst / Alexander Pines (1991)
- John Pople (1992)
- Ahmed Zewail (1993)
- Richard Lerner / Peter Schultz (1994/5)
- Gilbert Stork / Samuel J. Danishefsky (1995/6)
- Gerhard Ertl / Gabor A. Somorjai (1998)
- Raymond Lemieux (1999)
- F. Albert Cotton (2000)
- Henri B. Kagan / Ryōji Noyori / K. Barry Sharpless (2001)
- Harry B. Gray (2004)
- Richard N. Zare (2005)
- Ada Yonath / George Feher (2006/7)
- W. E. Moerner / Allen J. Bard (2008)
- Stuart A. Rice / Ching W. Tang / Krzysztof Matyjaszewski (2011)
Categories:- ISI highly cited researchers
- 1938 births
- Living people
- Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
- People from Kobe
- Harvard University staff
- Kyoto University alumni
- Japanese chemists
- Nobel laureates in Chemistry
- Wolf Prize in Chemistry laureates
- Foreign Members of the Royal Society
- Members of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences
- Japanese Nobel laureates
- Nagoya University faculty
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.