Ray Nagin

C. Ray Nagin
60th Mayor of New Orleans, Louisiana
In office May 6, 2002 – May 3, 2010
Preceded by	Marc Morial
Succeeded by	Mitch Landrieu
Personal details
Born	June 11, 1956 (1956-06-11) (age 55) New Orleans, Louisiana
Political party	Democratic
Spouse(s)	Seletha Smith Nagin
Alma mater	Tuskegee University (BS) Tulane University (M.B.A.)
Profession	Cox Communications Executive
Religion	Christian

Clarence Ray Nagin, Jr. (born June 11, 1956) is a former mayor of New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. Nagin gained international note in 2005 in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, which devastated the New Orleans area.

Nagin was first elected on March 2, 2002, to succeed his fellow Democrat Marc Morial.^[1] He was re-elected in 2006 but was ineligible to seek a third term in 2010 due to term limits and stepped down from office on May 3, 2010.

Early life and career

Nagin was born on June 11, 1956,^[2] in New Orleans' Charity Hospital, to a low-income family.^[3] His childhood was typical of that of the urban poor within the city,^[3] and his father held three jobs: a janitor at New Orleans City Hall by night, a fabric cutter at a clothing factory by day, and a mechanic at a dairy,^[4] to earn sufficient pay to support his family, as well as provide for Nagin's education.^[5] His mother was employed at a lunch counter in a Kmart store.^[2] The family lived on Allen Street in the 7th Ward, followed by a stay in the Treme, and then moved to the Cutoff section of Algiers when Nagin was a young teenager.^[4] Nagin attended O. Perry Walker High School in New Orleans where he played basketball and baseball.^[2] He enrolled at Tuskegee University on a baseball scholarship,^[5] and graduated with a degree in accountancy in 1978.^[3] He was the third college graduate from his family^{[citation needed]}.

After graduating from college he went to work in the purchasing department at General Motors. He moved to Los Angeles, and then to Dallas in 1981 to take a job with Associates Corp.^[4] In 1982, Nagin married Seletha Smith, whom he had met in Algiers.^[4] Together, they have three children: Jeremy, Jarin, and Tianna.^[2] In 1985, Nagin returned to New Orleans, becoming the controller of Cox New Orleans, the city's cable television franchise,^[4] run by the cable organization Cox. The franchise had been affected by customer complaints, low profits, and very little growth, and was one of the poorest-performing components of Cox. Nagin implemented an upgrade of the system to 750 MHz, spent $500 million on developing its fiber-optic cable, and introduced new services, including digital cable television and telephony.^{[citation needed]} In 1989, he was appointed to command Cox New Orleans as vice-president and general manager, and between 1985 and 2002, 800 jobs were introduced into the business. By the end of his tenure, 85% of customers reported being happy with the service, compared to less than half in 1989. Cox New Orleans became one of Cox's best-performing units.^{[citation needed]}

In 1993, Nagin enrolled in the executive MBA program at Tulane University, a course designed for managers.^[4] Mark Miester, Editor of Freeman Magazine for the A. B. Freeman School of Business, argues that in his role as vice-president and general manager, Nagin gained an introduction to politics, having to lead a business whilst balancing customer and regulator concerns.^[4] Nagin also had to lobby politicians and weigh in their viewpoints regarding Cox New Orleans, as it was regulated by the local government which was also behind renewing the business's contract.^[2] In 1995, Nagin gained a Young Leadership Council Diversity and Role Model Award, and later sat on the boards of the United Way and Covenant House; he also became the president of 100 Black Men, a national organization of African-American businessmen. His public profile was higher than that of the average business executive because he hosted a twice-weekly television call-in show for customers. In 1998 he became one of a dozen investors behind the minor-league hockey team the New Orleans Brass,^[2] becoming the investors' spokesman, and securing a hockey franchise for New Orleans.^[4] The initial popularity of the team allowed the group to secure New Orleans Arena as a venue.^[4] That year, the local alternative newspaper Gambit Weekly named Nagin as its New Orleanian of the Year.^[2]

2002 mayoral election

Main article: New Orleans mayoral election, 2002

Nagin entered the race for mayor after other candidates better known on the local political scene had announced their candidacy. Nagin's candidacy was at first considered a long shot, and he was not backed by any of the city's established political organizations. Many voters, nonetheless, favored Nagin's expressions of disgust with traditional Louisiana politics, including promises to fight political corruption and run the city in a more businesslike manner. Shortly before the primary mayoral election, Gambit Weekly endorsed Nagin as a reformer, giving him crucial momentum that would carry through the primary and subsequent runoff.^{[citation needed]}

Then in the first round of the crowded mayoral election in February 2002, Nagin received first place with 29 percent of the vote, against opponents such as Police Chief Richard Pennington, State Senator Paulette Irons, City Councilman Troy Carter and others. In the runoff with Pennington on Saturday, March 2, 2002,^[1] Nagin won with 59 percent of the votes, Nagin received 76,639 votes and his opponent, Richard Pennington, received 53,836 votes.^[1]

Nagin's first term

Shortly after taking office, Nagin launched an anti-corruption campaign within city government, including crackdowns on the city's Taxicab Bureau and Utilities Department. Media scenes of corrupt officials being led out of City Hall in handcuffs were received with surprised enthusiasm by much of the public. When an investigation into corruption among city vehicle inspection (locally known as "brake tag" inspection) certification workers suggested that corruption was systemic, Nagin fired the entire department workforce. He declared a month-long hiatus on inspections and a moratorium on ticketing for expired tags while an entirely new force of employees were hired and trained for the city's brake tag inspection stations. Nagin's actions were viewed with surprise, given the state's history of preferential political treatment for people with social or family connections. Indeed, when Nagin was asked what should be done about his cousin, who was implicated in the taxi cab bureau scandals, Nagin said "if he's guilty, arrest him." Nagin's cousin was later arrested.^[6]

Nagin often clashed with the New Orleans City Council, and as a result failed to get council support for proposed legislation he favored. He was criticized for often publicly announcing new programs or proposed policies without having them vetted by other city leaders.

As Hurricane Ivan threatened the Gulf of Mexico in September 2004, Nagin urged New Orleanians to be ready for the storm, preferably to evacuate with some "Benjamins" ($100 bills) handy, and urged any who planned to stay not only to stock up on food and water but also to make sure they had "an axe in the attic," a reference to the many people trapped in their attics by rising floodwaters when Hurricane Betsy hit the city in 1965. Nagin issued a call for a voluntary evacuation of the city at 6 p.m. on September 13. Some 600,000 New Orleanians left. Thousands were stuck in highway traffic for 12 or even 24 hours. The hurricane missed the city.

Nagin controversially endorsed conservative Republican Bobby Jindal over conservative Democratic Lieutenant Governor Kathleen Blanco in the 2003 runoff for governor.^{[citation needed]}

Hurricane Katrina

U.S. President George W. Bush and Nagin meet the week after Hurricane Katrina, September 2, 2005.

Main article: Effects of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans

On Friday, August 26, 2005 Nagin advised New Orleanians to keep a close eye on the storm and prepare for evacuation. He made various statements encouraging people to leave, without officially calling for an evacuation throughout Saturday the 27th before issuing a call for voluntary evacuation that evening. He was hesitant to order a mandatory evacuation because of concerns about the city's liability for closing hotels and other businesses.^[7] Nagin continued to announce that the city attorney was reviewing the information regarding this issue and once he had reviewed the city attorney's opinion he would make a decision whether to give the order to evacuate the city. With fewer than 24 hours left before the storm's landfall, Nagin declared a mandatory evacuation, the first in the city's history, and the first for a U.S. city of this size since the American Civil War.

After the hurricane hit, he bluntly criticized the delays in aid to the city, and expressed anger with what he said was slow federal and state response.^[8]

Some newspaper editorial writers criticized Nagin for not handling evacuation procedures properly and, in particular, for allowing hundreds of New Orleans city buses — which they claimed might have been used for evacuating poor or elderly people — to sit idle in parking lots that were part of the first sections of the city flooded.^[9]

"Chocolate City"

Main article: Chocolate City speech

At a town hall meeting in October 2005, Nagin said: "I can see in your eyes, you want to know, 'How do I take advantage of this incredible opportunity? How do I make sure New Orleans is not overrun with Mexican workers,'"^[10] referring to the influx of Mexican laborers coming to New Orleans to help rebuild the city. Hispanic groups, including the United States Hispanic Chamber of Commerce, criticized Nagin's statement as prejudiced,^[11] although those attending the town hall meeting reportedly applauded — many believed the jobs should instead go to local workers displaced by the hurricane.

Elections for Mayor and City Council members had been scheduled for February 2006, but these were postponed due to the devastation after Katrina and the many New Orleanians still living out of the city.

In an interview with Public Radio International's Tavis Smiley originally broadcast on January 13, 2006, Nagin said that he has never been a Republican and is a "life-long Democrat." He used the phrase "chocolate city" in reference to New Orleans' future demographics, which he was to use in a speech a few days afterwards. The idea reportedly originated with "Chocolate City" by the popular 1970s funk group Parliament.^[12]

A book by historian Douglas Brinkley titled The Great Deluge: Hurricane Katrina, New Orleans, and the Mississippi Gulf Coast assails Nagin for his response to Hurricane Katrina. The book relies on people closely involved in the disaster relief effort to provide insight into Nagin's behavior the days and weeks following the catastrophic event. For example, Kathleen Blanco is quoted describing Nagin as "a total void" and "falling apart". For his part, Nagin has questioned the timing of the book's release, coming less than 2 weeks prior to the Mayor's runoff election, and has called the book "a political hit." ^[13]

At a Martin Luther King, Jr. Day celebration speech in New Orleans on January 16, 2006, Nagin's statements of knowing the will of God was objected to by some.^[14] Nagin repeated the "Chocolate City" metaphor and proclaimed that New Orleans will be "chocolate again." This was seized upon and parodied by some commentators, cartoons, and merchandising. Various designs of T-shirts with satirical depictions of Nagin as Willy Wonka were sold in the city and on the Internet.^[15][16]

Nagin also stated that New Orleans "will be a majority African-American city. It's the way God wants it to be."^[17] As most New Orleanians knew the city had been majority African American for decades before Katrina, certain people found the implication of Nagin claiming to know God's will more troubling than the suggested return of pre-Katrina demographics.^[14] He asserted that God "sent us hurricane after hurricane after hurricane, and it's destroyed and put stress on this country", suggesting God's disapproval of US invasion of Iraq under false pretenses.^[18]

The speech generated an intense reaction, most of it negative.^[16] A commentator from the Times-Picayune suggested that Nagin had just ruined his own chances at re-election.^[19] Nagin later apologized for his remarks.^[20] The Mayor apologized for the suggestion that people Uptown (a mixed neighborhood) were racist, noting the importance of that section of town in the city's recovery, and asked for forgiveness. He particularly stated regret for the statements about God. Nagin concluded he needed "to be more aware and sensitive of what I'm saying."^[21]

2006 mayoral election

Main article: New Orleans mayoral election, 2006

In the election of April 22, Nagin was the front runner with 38% of the vote. Louisiana Lieutenant Governor Mitch Landrieu came in second with 29%. Nagin and Landrieu faced each other in a run off election on May 20, 2006. Final results showed that Nagin defeated Landrieu 52% to 48% (59,000/55,000 votes).^[22]

Nagin's second term

2006

Nagin's second term began on June 1, 2006. He campaigned on a promise to develop a "100 day plan" to rebuild New Orleans, but as of the end of the 100 days no concrete plan had been released. After the end of the 100 days, some commentators criticized Nagin for what they perceived as a lack of explanation of the details of this plan and a lack of activity in putting this plan forward.^[23] Nagin administration spokesperson Rob Couhig backed away from the promise, stating that it was not meant as a "time period," but as a short-range campaign to improve quality-of-life issues.^[24] In 2006, Nagin was also criticized for devoting time to an extensive national speaking tour while being rarely seen in New Orleans.^[25] Nagin's administration countered this criticism by stating that the speaking tour is necessary in order to correct an inaccurate perception of the situation in New Orleans. There was disquiet following his interview with Byron Pitts on CBS's 60 Minutes (aired August 27, 2006), in which Nagin made a reference to New York City's World Trade Center site, saying "That’s all right. You guys in New York can’t get a hole in the ground fixed and it’s five years later. So let’s be fair."^[26]

2007

Since January 2007, public perception of a drastic increase in the city’s violent crime rate has led to many criticisms of Nagin’s leadership. A year after his re-election, Nagin continued to be criticized for a perceived lack of vision and decisiveness, and an inability to communicate his plans and policies.^[27] Nagin reignited complaints about his leadership when he said news of two killings, while sad, "keeps the New Orleans brand out there."^[28]

In February Mayor Nagin was found in contempt for failing to abide by court orders to provide information on hundreds of seized firearms in city custody, and begin returning those guns to their rightful owners. ^[29]

2008

Mayor C. Ray Nagin in 2008

During 2008 Nagin continued to preside over a city recovering from Hurricane Katrina. His "recovery czar" was Dr Ed Blakely. Late in the year Nagin's endorsement of U.S. representative William J. Jefferson failed to rescue the indicted and embattled Democrat who had represented Louisiana's 2nd congressional district since 1991; in a stunning upset, Jefferson was defeated by Republican Anh "Joseph" Cao. Nagin and Cao were, however, to form a working relationship.^[30]

Following the illegal seizure of firearms in the wake of Hurricane Katrina, Nagin settled a lawsuit and had a permanent injunction issued prohibiting Nagin or any New Orleans employee from confiscating any lawfully possessed firearm and ordering the return of hundreds of illegally confiscated firearms. (They had been confiscated at Nagin's order.).^[31]

2009

In October 2009, Nagin traveled to Cuba as part of a delegation for a six-day trip to study the island's hurricane disaster-response system. The mayor along with 15 city and state officials, including police, fire and port agencies, met with Cuban civil defense authorities and saw presentations on how the island's military and CDR's mobilize during disasters. Nagin also met with the head of the Cuban Chamber of Commerce and spoke out against the 47-year-old trade embargo while lobbying for U.S. and Cuban authorities to allow special charter flights between New Orleans and Havana.^[32]

2010

Prior to leaving office, Nagin was appointed by Secretary of State Hillary Clinton to head the United States delegation to a state and local governments conference on assistance to post-earthquake Haiti held in Martinique.^[33]

Corruption, controversy and conflicts

Post-Katrina, Ray Nagin's two sons, Jeremy Nagin, at the time 23 years of age, and Jarin Nagin, at the time 21 years of age, owned Stone Age, LLC, with their father. Stone Age, LLC, received a contract with Home Depot after Ray Nagin had a meeting with Home Depot . Stone Age, LLC, is a granite and marble business founded in early 2005 by Ray Nagin and his two sons. Corporate documents show Seletha Nagin, Nagin's wife, signed as a witness, and the document was notarized by City Attorney Penya Moses-Fields.^[34] Stone Age, LLC, is currently "Not In Good Standing for failure to file Annual Report" with the Louisiana Secretary of State.^[35]

This would not be the first time Jeremy Nagin faced controversy. Six months after his father took office, Jeremy Nagin, who was 18 years of age at the time, was led out of a New York Bloomingdale's in handcuffs for attempting to steal $1,300 worth of goods from Bloomingdale's with a counterfeit credit card. Jeremy Nagin was charged with grand larceny, criminal impersonation, criminal possession of stolen property and forgery.^[36]

On April 7, 2009, the Times-Picayune alleged a conflict of interest with regard to a trip Nagin took to Hawaii in 2004. The Hawaiian vacation Mayor Ray Nagin, then-chief technology officer Greg Meffert and their families took in 2004 was paid by a contractor.^[37] David Hammer of the Times-Picayune reported on April 23, 2009, that Nagin had taken "plenty of other trips" at the expense of NetMethods, a company owned by city vendor Mark St. Pierre.^[38] In a subsequent (June 7) article Hammer described potential technicalities wherein the benefits received by Meffert may be legal depending on whether he received them inside or outside New Orleans and whether the source was NetMethods or merely someone associated with the company.^[39]

In April 2009, Nagin was obliged "to sit for a deposition as part of a civil lawsuit over the city's controversial crime camera program."^[40] Times-Picayune had obtained information that Mark St. Pierre, who allegedly paid for the holiday, had made substantial donations to Nagin's 2006 re-election campaign.^[41]

Nagin's Chief Technology Officier, Greg Meffert, has been charged with 63 felony counts in what authorities say "was a lucrative kickback scheme."^[42]

Nagin's largest payment from his campaign contributions was written to a Ciber Inc, which has ties to his Office of Technology. The description for the expense was described as a "reimbursement for fund-raiser." Ciber Inc is the company Nagin's Chief Technology Officer, Greg Meffert, is facing 63 felony counts for lucrative kickback schemes.^[43]

See also

	New Orleans portal
	Biography portal

• Ed Blakely
• Anh "Joseph" Cao
• Jacquelyn Brechtel Clarkson
• Arnie Fielkow
• Stacy Head
• Bobby Jindal
• Shelley Stephenson Midura
• Veronica White
• Brenda Hatfield
• Eddie Compass

References

1. ^ ^{a b c} Louisiana Secretary of State Election Results, March 2, 2002, Mayor City of New Orleans.
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f g} Ray Nagin Biography. 
3. ^ ^{a b c} Stevens, Andrew (May 28, 2006). Ray Nagin: Former Mayor of New Orleans. http://www.citymayors.com/mayors/new_orleans_mayor.html. 
4. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i} Ray Nagin. 
5. ^ ^{a b} Profile: Ray Nagin. 
6. ^ BBC News. (2006, May 21). Profile: Ray Nagin. Retrieved from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4623922.stm
7. ^ Katrina Takes Aim – Bruce Nolan, New Orleans Times Picayune, August 28, 2005.
8. ^ Mayor to feds: 'Get off your asses' CNN.com, September 2, 2005.
9. ^ Comedy of deadly errors – Ralph R. Reiland, Pittsburgh Live, September 19, 2005.
10. ^ Baltimore Sun^{[dead link]}
11. ^ USHCC Deplores Remarks by New Orleans Mayor Ray Nagin Regarding Mexican Workers and the Rebuilding of New Orleans – Hispanic PR Wire, October 19, 2005.
12. ^ "City Mayors: Ray Nagin". http://www.citymayors.com/mayors/new_orleans_mayor.html. Retrieved August 4, 2006. 
13. ^ http://www.nola.com/news/t-p/metro/index.ssf?/base/news-14/114663682883370.xml
14. ^ ^{a b} "The Nation". The Nation. http://www.thenation.com/doc/20060619/sublette. Retrieved February 23, 2011. 
15. ^ "Nagin T-shirts follow 'chocolate' comment". WorldNetDaily.com. January 19, 2006. http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=48403. Retrieved August 4, 2006. 
16. ^ ^{a b} "Times-Picayune, January 24, 2005". Nola.com. http://www.nola.com/printer/printer.ssf?/base/news-4/1138086402226440.xml. Retrieved February 23, 2011. 
17. ^ Nagin apologizes for 'chocolate' city comments – CNN, January 18, 2006.
18. ^ Storms Payback From God, Nagin Says – Brett Martel, Washington Post, January 17, 2006.
19. ^ We've survived crazy politicians before – James Gill, Times Picayune (New Orleans), January 18, 2006.
20. ^ The never-ending replay – Marsha Mercer, Scripps Howard News Service, January 22, 2006.
21. ^ Nagin backpedals, apologizes – James Varney, Times Picayune, January 18, 2006.
22. ^ Michelle Krupa and Matt Scallan (May 22, 2006). "Nagin T-shirts follow 'chocolate' comment". Times-Picayune. 
23. ^ Michelle Krupa and Frank Donze (July 27, 2006). "Mayor finally breaks post-election silence; an upbeat Nagin cites economy, cleanup, safety". Times-Picayune. http://www.nola.com/search/index.ssf?/base/news-1/1153984666142040.xml?NSWEA&coll=1. Retrieved August 4, 2006. 
24. ^ Krupa, Michelle (September 6, 2006). "100 days hard to figure on the mayor's calendar.". Times-Picayune. http://www.nola.com/news/t-p/frontpage/index.ssf?/base/news-6/1157520305143380.xml&coll=1. 
25. ^ Grace, Stephanie (July 6, 2006). "On the road, Nagin gets warm reception". Times-Picayune. 
26. ^ "New Orleans Mayor Takes Swipe At NYC". CBS News. August 24, 2006. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/08/24/60minutes/main1933092.shtml. 
27. ^ Donze, Frank (February 11, 2007). "Many New Orleanians say they are still waiting for Mayor Ray Nagin to do the job they elected him to do.". New Orleans Times-Picayune. 
28. ^ "www.msnbc.msn.com "Violent crime wave intensifies in New Orleans"". MSNBC. August 16, 2007. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/20310441/. Retrieved February 23, 2011. 
29. ^ "Saf Press Release :: Bloomberg Coalition Mayor Held In Contempt By Federal Judge In Gun Case". Saf.org. February 14, 2007. http://www.saf.org/viewpr-new.asp?id=212. Retrieved February 23, 2011. 
30. ^ Jefferson was later, in 2009, convicted on 11 counts of bribery.
31. ^ "NRA to settle suit over Katrina gun seizures". USA Today. October 8, 2008. http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2008-10-08-nra-katrina_N.htm. Retrieved May 22, 2010. 
32. ^ In Cuba, N.O. Mayor Talks Disaster Response, Trade by Will Weissert, The Associated Press, October 20, 2009.
33. ^ http://www.state.gov/s/srgia/2010/145138.htm
34. ^ Russell, G. (2008, March 22). Nagin family's company got the deal with Home Depot. Times-Picayune. Retrieved from http://www.nola.com/news/index.ssf/2008/03/nagin_familys_company_got_deal.html
35. ^ Louisiana, Secretary of State. (2005). Corporate Report. Charter Number 35868097K. Baton Rouge, LA: State of Louisiana
36. ^ Weir, R. and Standora, L. (2002, November 28). City Bust for Son of Big Easy Mayor. New York Daily News. Retrieved from http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/2002/11/28/2002-11-28_city_bust_for_son_of_big_eas.html
37. ^ Frank Donze & David Hammer, "City vendor financed Nagin trip to Hawaii" in Times-Picayune, April 7, 2009, Metro Edition, pp. A1, A4 (quotation appears on p. A1) (web version = City vendor financed Mayor Ray Nagin's trip to Hawaii, Meffert says in deposition.
38. ^ David Hammer, Deposition reveals additional Nagin trip: City vendor paid for mayor, aide to travel often, firms allege, Times-Picayune, April 23, 2009, Saint Tammany Edition, pp. A1, A7 (quotation appears on p. A1); web version = Attorney claims Nagin, Meffert took 'plenty of other trips' paid for by city tech vendor. On p. B2 of the same issue of the Times-Picayune, Saint Tammany Edition, reporter Frank Donze indicated that Nagin's lawyers tried to keep pardon letter for Oliver Thomas secret. In December 2008 Nagin had written to President George W. Bush requesting a pardon for Thomas, a former member of the New Orleans City Council who at the time of the letter was doing time in federal prison. Donze's article alleges that Nagin and his attorneys tried to keep the letter off the public record, which had been sought by the Times-Picayune.
39. ^ David Hammer, "Meffert's defense looks beyond New Orleans: But some question fole in outside deals" in Times-Picayune, June 7, 2009, Metro Edition, pp. A1, A12.
40. ^ Michelle Krupa, Nagin to face camera contract queries, Times-Picayune, April 19, 2009, Metro Edition, pp. A1, A10 (quotation appears on p. A1).
41. ^ St. Pierre was a member of the host committee for a May 2006 Chicago fundraising event which produced up to $500 thousand for Nagin's reelection campaign. According to the Times-Picayune, Nagin claimed, in the deposition, that he "didn't remember" the trip to Chicago when Nagin and his wife stayed in the same hotel where St. Pierre was. St. Pierre also, according to the Times-Picayune, in 2006 donated $5000, and his companies Veracent and Imagine Software (US) gave $5000 each. Additionally, St. Pierre's firm NetMethods donated $10,000 to Nagin's political action committee CHANGE Inc. Ciber, a company which monitored the installation work for the crime cameras and later took over the crime-cameras project, gave CHANGE $25,000; and Ciber officials Joe Marchizza, Carla Capps, and Ben Schultz gave $5000, $5000, and $500 respectively. David Hammer & Gordon Russell, "Vendor aided Nagin's re-election" in Times-Picayune, April 25, 2009, Saint Tammany Edition, pp. A1, A9; web version = Tech vendor aided Nagin's re-election. For information on a garbage-collection fees controversy which erupted during 2009 and the related e-mail controversy, see the articles on Stacy Head and Veronica White.
42. ^ Hammer, D. (2009, November 6). "Greg Meffert, wife, City Hall vendor to be arraigned on 63 counts Thursday in bribery scheme". Times-Picayune
43. ^ Krupa, M. (2010, February 4). "Mayor Ray Nagin's biggest campaign expense last year went to technology vendor". Times-Picayune. Retrieved from

External links

• Profile of Ray Nagin in Tulane University Magazine
• Ray Nagin Corruption
• Nagin only joking when he suggested Hurricane Ike evacuees should request a discount – the "Nagin special", Times-Picayune 9/14/06
• BBC NEWS | Americas |Profile: Ray Nagin, BBC News
• Nagin calls for rebuilding 'chocolate' New Orleans, CNN 1/17/2006
• The City of New Orleans
• Campaign contributions made by Ray Nagin
• Louisiana Emergency Operations Plan
• Mayor to feds: 'Get off your asses', CNN transcript and the audio of WWL-AM radio interview.
• Profile on CityMayors.com
• Southeast Louisiana Evacuation Plan Supplement
• New Orleans “overrun” by Mexicans
• Nagin Works Both Sides of Aisle for Aid The Wall Street Journal, January 10, 2006.
• The Tavis Smiley Show – interview with Ray Nagin, January 13, 2006.
• Ray Nagin's Redemption, by William Robinson, Washington Post, May 23, 2006.
• Labou Movie – Independent Film In Which Ray Nagin stars as the Mayor of New Orleans.
• Nagin's campaign contributions while employed by Cox Communications
• VIDEO Ray Nagin talks about rebuilding after Katrina on ABC Fora
• Stevens, Andrew (May 28, 2006). "Despite controversy, Mayor Ray Nagin remains the champion of New Orleans". CityMayors. http://www.citymayors.com/mayors/new_orleans_mayor.html. 
• "Profile: Ray Nagin". BBC News. May 21, 2006. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/4623922.stm. Retrieved April 6, 2009. 
• Miester, Mark (Spring 2003). "Ray Nagin". Tulane University Magazine. http://www2.tulane.edu/article_news_details.cfm?ArticleID=4713. 
• "Ray Nagin Biography". Notable Biographies. http://www.notablebiographies.com/newsmakers2/2007-Li-Pr/Nagin-Ray.html. 

Political offices
Preceded by Marc Morial	Mayor of New Orleans May 6, 2002 – May 3, 2010	Succeeded by Mitch Landrieu

Persondata
Name	Nagin, Ray
Alternative names	Nagin, Clarence Ray Jr. (birth name)
Short description	Politician, businessman
Date of birth	June 11, 1956
Place of birth	New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
Date of death
Place of death