Manganese(III) oxide

Manganese(III) oxide
Manganese(III) oxide
Identifiers
CAS number 1317-34-6 YesY
PubChem 14827
RTECS number OP915000
Properties
Molecular formula Mn2O3
Molar mass 157.8743 g/mol
Appearance brown or black crystalline
Density 4.50 g/cm3
Melting point

940 °C (decomp)

Solubility in water insoluble
Solubility insoluble in alcohol, acetone
soluble in acid
Structure
Crystal structure Cubic, cI80[1]
Space group Ia-3, No. 206
Related compounds
Other anions manganese trifluoride, manganese(III) acetate
Other cations chromium(III) oxide, iron(III) oxide
Related compounds manganese(II) oxide, manganese dioxide
Hazards
NFPA 704
NFPA 704.svg
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1
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 YesY oxide (verify) (what is: YesY/N?)
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Manganese(III) oxide is the chemical compound of formula Mn2O3.

Preparation and chemistry

Heating MnO2 in air at below 800°C α-Mn2O3 is produced (higher temperatures produce Mn3O4).[2] γ-Mn2O3 can be produced by oxidation followed by dehydration of manganese(II) hydroxide.[2] Many preparations of nano-crystalline Mn2O3 have been reported, for example syntheses involving oxidation of MnII salts or reduction of MnO2.[3][4][5]

Manganese (III) oxide is formed by the redox reaction in an alkaline cell:

2 MnO2 + Zn → Mn2O3 + ZnO

Manganese (III) oxide Mn2O3 must not be confused with MnOOH manganese (III) oxohydroxide. Contrary to Mn2O3, MnOOH is a compound that decomposes at about 300°C to form MnO2.[6]

Structure

Mn2O3 is unlike many other transition metal oxides in that it does not adopt the corundum (Al2O3) structure.[2] Two forms are generally recognized, α-Mn2O3 and γ-Mn2O3,[7] although a high pressure form with the CaIrO3 structure has been reported too.[8]

α-Mn2O3 has the cubic bixbyite structure, which is an example of a C-type rare earth sesquioxide (Pearson symbol cI80, space group Ia3, #206). The bixbyite structure has been found to be stabilised by the presence of small amounts of Fe3+, pure Mn2O3 has an orthorhombic structure (Pearson symbol oP24,space group Pbca, #61).[9]

γ-Mn2O3 has a structure related to the spinel structure of Mn3O4 where the oxide ions are cubic close packed. This is similar to the relationship between γ-Fe2O3 and Fe3O4.[7] γ-Mn2O3 is ferrimagnetic with a Neel temperature of 39 K.[10]

References

  1. ^ Otto H.H., Baltrasch R., Brandt H.J. (1993). "Further evidence for Tl3+ in Tl-based superconductors from improved bond strength parameters involving new structural data of cubic Tl2O3". Physica C 215: 205. doi:10.1016/0921-4534(93)90382-Z. 
  2. ^ a b c Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0080379419. 
  3. ^ Shuijin Lei, Kaibin Tang, Zhen Fang, Qiangchun Liu, Huagui Zheng (2006). "Preparation of α-Mn2O3 and MnO from thermal decomposition of MnCO3 and control of morphology". Materials Letters 60: 53. doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2005.07.0. 
  4. ^ Zhong-Yong Yuan, Tie-Zhen Ren, Gaohui Du, Bao-Lian Su (2004). "A facile preparation of single-crystalline α-Mn2O3 nanorods by ammonia-hydrothermal treatment of MnO2". Chemical Physics Letters 389: 83. doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2004.03.064. 
  5. ^ Navin Chandra, Sanjeev Bhasin, Meenakshi Sharma and Deepti Pal (2007). "A room temperature process for making Mn2O3 nano-particles and γ-MnOOH nano-rods". Materials Letters 61: 3728. doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2006.12.024. 
  6. ^ Thomas Kohler, Thomas Armbruster, Eugen Libowitzky (1997). "Hydrogen Bonding and Jahn-Teller Distortion in Groutite,α-MnOOH, and Manganite,γ-MnOOH, and Their Relations to the Manganese Dioxides Ramsdellite and Pyrolusite". Journal of Solid State Chemistry 133: 486–500. doi:10.1006/jssc.1997.7516. 
  7. ^ a b Wells A.F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry 5th edition Oxford Science Publications ISBN 0-19-855370-6
  8. ^ High Pressure Phase transition in Mn2O3 to the CaIrO3-type Phase Santillan, J.; Shim, S. American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2005, abstract #MR23B-0050
  9. ^ Geller S. (1971). "Structure of α-Mn2O3, (Mn0.983Fe0.017)2O3 and (Mn0.37Fe0.63)2O3 and relation to magnetic ordering". Acta Cryst B27: 821. doi:10.1107/S0567740871002966. 
  10. ^ Kim S. H, Choi B. J ,Lee G.H., Oh S. J., Kim B., Choi H. C., Park J, Chang Y. (2005). "Ferrimagnetism in γ-Manganese Sesquioxide (γ−Mn2O3) Nanoparticles". Journal of the Korean Physical Society 46 (4): 941. 

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • manganese(III) oxide — noun see manganese sesquioxide …   Useful english dictionary

  • Manganese(II) oxide — IUPAC name Manganese(II) oxide …   Wikipedia

  • Manganese(III) fluoride — IUPAC name Manganese(III) fluoride …   Wikipedia

  • Manganese(II,III) oxide — IUPAC name manganese(II) dimanganese(III) oxide Other names …   Wikipedia

  • Iron(III) oxide — Iron(III) oxide …   Wikipedia

  • Manganese dioxide — Manganese dioxide …   Wikipedia

  • Manganese oxide — is a generic term used to describe a variety of manganese oxides and hydroxides. It may refer to[1]: Manganese(II) oxide, MnO Manganese(II,III) oxide, Mn3O4 Manganese(III) oxide, Mn2O3 Manganese dioxide, (manganese(IV) oxide), MnO2 Manganese(VII) …   Wikipedia

  • Manganese(II) acetate — Manganese(II) acetate[1] IUPAC name …   Wikipedia

  • manganese sesquioxide — noun : a compound Mn2O3 obtained as a black powder by heating manganese dioxide or manganous salts in air called also manganese(III) oxide, manganic oxide …   Useful english dictionary

  • Manganese(II) chloride — Anhydrous Tetrahydrate …   Wikipedia

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