Dietrich Küchemann

Dietrich Küchemann CBE FRS^[1] FRAeS (11. September 1911 in Göttingen, Germany; † 23. February 1976 in Farnham, Great Britain)^[2] was a German aerodynamicist who made several important contributions to the advancement of high-speed flight. He spent most of his career in England, where he is best known for his work on Concorde.

Biography

Küchemann was born in Göttingen and studied at the University, home of the largest German institute of aerodynamics. He was originally going to move on to pure physics research under Max Born, a friend of his father's, but lost this chance when Born and several other Jewish members of the University staff were expelled from the country by the Nazi regime. Instead Küchemann went on to join Ludwig Prandtl in aerodynamics research. He published his doctoral thesis in 1936.

With the war looming, Küchemann volunteered for service in 1938, and as expected was given a non-combatant role in Signals. He held the rank of Unteroffizier from 1942–45, but he saw no active service. During this period he continued research, notably into the problems of high speed flight, wave drag, swept wing theory and initial steps on the road to the area rule, and he designed a fuselage shape later dubbed the “Küchemann Coke Bottle”.

One year after the war Küchemann moved to England and started work at the Royal Aircraft Establishment (RAE) at Farnborough. In 1953 he and his colleague, Johanna Weber, published the still-standard work on the topic, Aerodynamics of Propulsion, based on their work at the AVA, Göttingen from 1940 to 1945.

Küchemann continued his work on high-speed flight, and was instrumental in the development of the slender wing in England. He raised the design as a possible approach for supersonic transport, but indicated he was unclear about the low speed controllability. A series of test aircraft, such as Handley Page HP.115 were built during the 1950s to study the various problems with the design, which eventually led to the advanced ogive shape used on Concorde. He was also a tireless promoter of the lifting body concept for aircraft (as opposed to spacecraft, as in US research), although to date no blended wing body aircraft has entered service. Similar research was followed on the waverider concept.

In 1954 he was promoted to the Senior Principal Scientific Officer (SPSO) at the RAE, in 1957 the Deputy Chief Scientific Officer (DCSO) and head of the Supersonics Division, and finally the Chief Scientific Officer (CSO) and head of the entire Aerodynamics Department in 1966. He retired from adminstrative duties in 1971, but continued work on an effort to build a very large supersonic wind tunnel for use by various European research departments, but this was not completed in his lifetime.

With the help of colleagues at the RAE and Imperial College London his book The Aerodynamic Design of Aircraft was published two years after his death, and is considered by many to be the classic text on modern aerodynamics.

In 1962 he was awarded the Royal Aeronautical Society's Silver Medal, and in 1963 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society^[1]. In 1964 he was appointed a Commander of the British Empire.

His name has entered aeronautical lore in the form of the trailing edge anti-shock bodies used on the Convair 990 jetliners, commonly referred to as "Kuchemann's carrots".

A Classical Cello player, he joined the Farnborough Symphony Orchestra in 1946. He became principal cellist and remained with the orchestra until 1971.^[3]

Books and Publications

• Störungsbewegungen in einer Gasströmung mit Grenzschicht (1938)
• Aerodynamics of Propulsion (1953)
• The Aerodynamic Design of Aircraft (1978)

See also

• Concorde
• Supersonic flight
• wave drag
• area rule

References

1. ^ ^{a b} Owen, P. R.; Maskell, E. C. (1980). "Dietrich Kuchemann. 11 September 1911-23 February 1976". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 26: 304. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1980.0009.  edit
2. ^ http://mdz10.bib-bvb.de/~db/0001/bsb00016330/images/index.html?nativeno=176
3. ^ http://www.historicfarnborough.co.uk/fso3.html

External links

• Obituary in Flight International

Persondata
Name	Kuchemann, Dietrich
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	1911
Place of birth
Date of death	1976
Place of death