Irvington, New York

Infobox Settlement
official_name = Irvington, New York
settlement_type = Village
nickname =
motto =

imagesize = 250 px
image_caption = Irvington Town Hall


image_

|pushpin_

pushpin_label_position =
pushpin_map_caption =Location within the state of New York
pushpin_mapsize =


mapsize =
map_caption =


mapsize1 =
map_caption1 =

subdivision_type = Country
subdivision_name = United States
subdivision_type1 = State
subdivision_name1 = New York
subdivision_type2 = County
subdivision_name2 = Westchester
government_footnotes =
government_type =
leader_title = Mayor
leader_name = Erin Malloy
leader_title1 =
leader_name1 =
established_title =
established_date =

unit_pref = Imperial
area_footnotes =
area_magnitude =
area_total_km2 = 10.5
area_land_km2 = 7.2
area_water_km2 = 3.2
area_total_sq_mi = 4.0
area_land_sq_mi = 2.8
area_water_sq_mi = 1.2

population_as_of = 2000
population_footnotes =
population_total = 6631
population_density_km2 = 917.9
population_density_sq_mi = 2377.4

timezone = Eastern (EST)
utc_offset = -5
timezone_DST = EDT
utc_offset_DST = -4
elevation_footnotes =
elevation_m =
elevation_ft =
latd = 41 |latm = 2 |lats = 4 |latNS = N
longd = 73 |longm = 51 |longs = 56 |longEW = W

postal_code_type = ZIP code
postal_code = 10533
10503 (Ardsley-on-Hudson)
area_code = 914
blank_name = FIPS code
blank_info = 36-37803
blank1_name = GNIS feature ID
blank1_info = 0953803
website = http://www.irvingtonny.gov/
footnotes =

Irvington, sometimes known as "Irvington-on-Hudson", is an affluent suburban village in the Town of Greenburgh in Westchester County, New York, United States. It is located on the eastern bank of the Hudson River, convert|20|mi|km north of midtown Manhattan in New York City and is served by a stop on the Metro-North Hudson Line. To the north of Irvington is the village of Tarrytown, to the south the village of Dobbs Ferry, and to the east unincorporated parts of Greenburgh, including East Irvington. Irvington includes within its boundaries the community of Ardsley-on-Hudson, which has its own zip code and Metro-North stop. (Ardsley-on-Hudson should not be confused with the nearby village of Ardsley, New York.)

The population of Irvington at the 2000 census was 6,631. The estimated population in 2006 was 6,656. [U.S. Census Bureau Population Finder [http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFPopulation?_event=Search&geo_id=16000US3673176&_geoContext=01000US%7C04000US36%7C16000US3673176&_street=&_county=Irvington&_cityTown=Irvington&_state=04000US36&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&ActiveGeoDiv=geoSelect&_useEV=&pctxt=fph&pgsl=160&_submenuId=population_0&ds_name=null&_ci_nbr=null&qr_name=null&reg=null%3Anull&_keyword=&_industry= Irvington village, New York] ]

History

Before the site where Irvington is now located was settled by Europeans, it was inhabited by the Wickquasgeck Indians, one of the Lenape (Delaware) tribes which dominated lower New York state and New Jersey. [The name of the Indian tribe has variously been spelled Weckquaesqueek,Weekquaesguk, Wiequaeskeek, Wickquasgek, Wiquaeskec, Wechquaesqueck, and Wiequashook. The spelling given here is one widely used for the original name of Broadway in lower Manhattan: "The Wickquasgeck Trail." The meaning of the name, however spelled, has been given as "the end of the marsh, swamp or wet meadow," "place of the bark kettle," and "birch bark country." See James Hammond Trumbull, [http://books.google.com/books?id=JS8TAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA81&dq=Wickquasgeck&lr=&ei=Wx-xR8bNAYagygSI253MDw&ie=ISO-8859-1 "Indian Names of Places, Etc., in and on the Borders of Connecticut, With Interpretations of Some of Them"] Hartford (1881)] Henry Steiner, [http://henrysteiner.com/DIRcomm/irvington/chronology.htm A Quick Chronology of Irvington, New York in the Early Days] ] The land was originally part of the Bisightick tract of the Van der Donck grant purchased by Frederick Philipse in 1682, but in 1785 the state of New York confiscated the land from his grandson, Frederick Philipse III, after he sided with the British in the Revolution, and sold it to local farmers. This is presumably how part of it came to be the farm of William Dutcher. Dutcher sold half of his farm to Justus Dearman in 1817, who then sold it to Gustavo F. Sacchi in 1848 for $26,000. Saachi sold the parcel to John Jay that same year, and Jay laid it out as a village which he called "Dearman", and sold lots at auction in New York City starting on April 25, 1850. At that time, a ferry point ran across the Hudson from Dearman to Piermont on the west bank, and the hamlet of "Abbotsford" (which would later become Ardsley-on-Hudson) was forming along Clinton Avenue.

In 1854 the village changed its name, by popular vote, to "Irvington", after the American author Washington Irving, who was still alive at that time and living in nearby "Sunnyside" – which is today preserved as a museum. [Although Sunnyside was considered to be part of Irvington (or "Dearman") at the time, the neighboring village of Tarrytown incorporated first in 1870, two years before Irvington, and when the official boundaries were drawn, the estate ended up in Tarrytown rather than Irvington.] Influential residents of the village prevailed upon the Hudson River Railroad to change the name of the train station to "Irvington", and also convinced the Postmaster to change the name of the local post office as well. It was thus under the name of "Irvington" that the village incorporated on April 16, 1872. [Scharf, "History of Westchester County" v2, chII, p190 (1886). Excerpts at [http://www.rootsweb.com/~nywestch/towns/irvingtn.htm NYGenWeb: Irvington, NY] ] Irvington Chamber of Commerce, [http://www.irvingtonnychamber.com/about_irvington_NY.html About Irvington] ] Mary Mcaleer Vizard, [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE1DC1F30F93AA25757C0A964958260 If You're Thinking of Living in: Irvington] "New York Times" (19 April 1992)]

The side streets off of Irvington's Main Street, which originally were designated "A", "B", "C" and so forth, are today named after many of the area's early settlers, [In order, from the river going up the hill along Main Street, the streets are Astor, Buckout, Cottenet, Dutcher, Ecker, Ferris and Grinnell, until the pattern is broken by Croton Place and Aqueduct Lane, followed by Dearman Street, the last side street before Broadway.] such as Barent and William Dutcher, Captain John Buckhout (who lived to 103) and Wolfert Ecker (or "Acker"). It was Ecker's house, then owned by Jacob van Tassel, which was burned by the British in the Revolutionary War because it had become a notorious hang-out for American patriots. Washington Irving later wrote about it under the name of "Wolfert's Roost", and purchased and re-modeled the house to become "Sunnyside". Another early settler was Capt. Jan Harnse, and the Harnse-Conklin-Odell Tavern on Broadway was built in 1693. (see below British troops camped near Odell's Tavern during the Revolution.Arthur G. Adams, [http://books.google.com/books?id=KIkHuzvZTGYC&pg=RA1-PA129&lpg=RA1-PA129&dq=abbotsford+irvington&source=web&ots=ZSUdXc_8OG&sig=JLTMWg81LrWHArQ9IbG-l-Qje0c#PRA1-PA129,M1 "The Hudson River Guidebook"] (1996) ISBN 0823212025.] [Henry Steiner, [http://www.riverjournalonline.com/article.php?focus=1171593821&jda= Irvington's Patriot] "River Journal" (16 February 2007)]

Beginning in the 1850s Irvington's cool summer breezes off the Hudson and the rural riparian setting began to attract wealthy residents of New York City to the area to build large summer residences. For many years, through the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Irvington was a relatively small community surrounded by numerous large estates and mansions where millionaires, aristocrats and captains of industry lived – the population was reported as 2,299 in 1890 and 2013 in 1898. Many of the estates and mansions are now gone, having been replaced by suburban sub-divisions, although a small number still exist, but Irvington still has many large houses, and is still an overwhelmingly well-heeled community.

Geography

Irvington is located at coor dms|41|2|4|N|73|51|56|W|city (41.034371, -73.865471)GR|1.

The village has a total area of 4.0 square miles (10.5 km²), of which, 2.8 square miles (7.2 km²) of it is land and 1.2 square miles (3.2 km²) of it (30.94%) is water.

The village's main thoroughfare is Broadway (Route 9 - formerly the Albany Post Road, completed in the area of Irvington by 1723), which runs north-south parallel to the river, and connects Irvington to Dobbs Ferry in the south and Tarrytown in the north – all of the village's major streets, including Main Street, branch off east and west from Broadway, and are designated as such. Broadway is designated "North Broadway" above Main Street, and "South Broadway" below it. (The traveler should be aware, though, that once one crosses the boundary line of the next village, the designation changes: i.e. "North Broadway" in Irvington turns into "South Broadway" in Tarrytown.)

The southbound Saw Mill River Parkway can be reached via Harriman Road/Cyrus Field Road, past the village reservoir, or East Sunnyside Lane/Mountain Road through East Irvington. The northbound Saw Mill and the New York State Thruway are accesible via Ardsley, and the Tappan Zee Bridge is nearby in Tarrytown.

Commuter train service to New York City is available at the Irvington and Ardsley-on-Hudson train stations, served by the Metro-North Railroad of the MTA. Bus service is provided on Broadway by the Westchester County [http://www.beelinebus.com/ Beeline Bus System] via route #1T (The Bronx-Yonkers-Tarrytown) and #1W (The Bronx-Yonkers-White Plains).

As with all river communities in Westchester, Irvington is traversed by a stretch of the Old Croton Aqueduct — about convert|3|mi|km of aqueduct, which is now part of the Old Croton Trailway State Park, run through the village. The Aqueduct is a National Historic Landmark.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000,U.S. Census Bureau American Fact Finder, [http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFFacts?_event=Search&geo_id=&_geoContext=&_street=&_county=Irvington+village&_cityTown=Irvington+village&_state=04000US36&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&pctxt=fph&pgsl=010&show_2003_tab=&redirect=Y Irvington village, New York Fact Sheet] ] there were 6,631 people, 2,518 households, and 1,812 families residing in the village. The population density was 2,377.4 people per square mile (917.7/km²). There were 2,601 housing units at an average density of 932.5/sq mi (359.9/km²). The racial makeup of the village was 88.66% White, 1.45% African American, 0.11% Native American, 6.95% Asian, 1.16% from other races, and 1.67% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.79% of the population. 18.1% were of Italian, 17.3% Irish, 7.3% German and 5.9% Russian ancestry according to Census 2000. 88.0% spoke English, 4.2% Japanese, 3.6% Spanish, 1.8% Italian and 1.0% German as their first language.

There were 2,518 households out of which 37.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.2% were married couples living together, 7.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.0% were non-families. 24.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.13.

In the village the population was spread out with 28.2% under the age of 18, 3.9% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 26.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 93.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.5 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $96,467, and the median income for a family was $120,895. Males had a median income of $85,708 versus $50,714 for females. The per capita income for the village was $59,116. About 1.2% of families and 3.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under age 18 and 0.9% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

Although Irvington is still a suburban "bedroom community", with a large number of people commuting into New York City to work, there are also several notable businesses and institutions located in the village:

* Columbia University's Nevis Laboratories is a research center specializing in the preparation, design, and construction of high-energy particle and nuclear experiments and equipment which are transported to accelerators such as Fermilab, CERN and Brookhaven National Laboratory. The resulting data is analyzed at Nevis using their extensive computer systems. Twelve faculty members, fourteen postdoctoral research scientists and twenty graduate students work at the lab, along with an engineering and technical staff of twenty. [Columbia University, [http://www.nevis.columbia.edu/brief-introduction.html Nevis Laboratories] ]
* Columbia University Press has its headquarters on the same property as Nevis Labs.
* Foundation for Economic Education was founded in 1946 by Leonard E. Read to study and advance the freedom philosophy: the sanctity of private property, individual liberty, the rule of law, the free market, and the moral superiority of individual choice and responsibility over coercion. FEE is located on a rambling seven-acre 19th-century estate on South Broadway with a convert|20000|sqft|m2|sing=on main building, the "Big House", with offices, library and archives, classroom, a commercial kitchen, a formal dining room, a large reception lounge, and a men's dormitory. Women stay in the Carriage House dormitory, next to the main building. [Foundation for Economic Education, [http://www.fee.org/tradition/ About Us] ]
* Eileen Fisher, a clothing design company, has corporate offices on Bridge Street.
* Guttz Corporation Of America remanufactures laser printer cartridges. It is located on South Buckhout Street, in the Trent Building. [Guttz Corporation, [http://www.guttz.com/about.asp About Us] ]
* The Student Center, a community website for teens & college students, with over 900,000 members, has offices on Main Street.

Education

Irvington is part of the [http://www.edline.net/pages/Irvington_UFSD Irvington Union Free School District] , which also includes East Irvington, an unincorporated area of the Town of Greenburgh, and the Pennybridge section of Tarrytown, Irvington's northern neighbor. The schools are Dows Lane School (K-3), Main Street School (4&5), Irvington Middle School (6-8), and Irvington High School (9-12). The Middle School and High School are sited together on a combined campus on Heritage Hill Road off of North Broadway, on the site where the Stern castle, "Greystone", once stood.

The school system is known for its small class size and emphasis on academics; the high school is #91 in the ranking of the top 100 high schools in the nation by the "U.S. World & News Report", and about 98% of graduates go on to higher education.

Irvington also has a Catholic elementary school, [http://www.icsirvington.net/ Immaculate Conception School] which serves pre-K through eighth grade. It has been announced by the Archdiocese of New York that the school is closing in June 2008, at the end of the school year. [John Eligon [http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/09/nyregion/09schools.html In the Bronx, Mourning the Loss of a School] , "New York Times" (9 March 2008)]

Located in Irvington, but not part of the regular public school district, is the [http://www.swboces.org/about/abbott.html Abbott School] , which serves homeless, neglected, abused, or developmentally disabled boys in grades 2 through 9. The students come both from the residential [http://www.abbotthouse.net/index.php Abbott House] , where the school is located, and as day students from community schools in Westchester County, Rockland County, and New York City.

Religion

Irvington has four Christian churches. Three of them, the [http://www.irvingtonpresbychurch.org/ Irvington Presbyterian Church] (Presbyterian), the [http://www.iccirvington.net/ Immaculate Conception Church] (Roman Catholic) and [http://www.stbarnabaschurch.org/ The Church of St. Barnabas] (Episcopalian/Anglican), are clustered together on Broadway, just north of Main Street. The [http://www.calvarychapelwestchester.org/index.htm Calvary Chapel of Westchester] (Evangelical) is located in the Trent Building on South Buckhout Street.

Irvington is also home to a number of Unification Church members, including several high-ranking families. There are several Church-owned estates and buildings located in Irvington, or in the neighboring village of Tarrytown. Reverend Sun Myung Moon, the leader of the Church internationally, has a large private residence, the former Frederic Clark Sayles estate, on East Sunnyside Lane. [RootsWeb, [http://worldconnect.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=joanolsson&id=I10597 Frederic Clark Sayles Jr.] ]

The Jewish community of Irvington is serviced by three nearby synagogues: the traditional/non-denominational [http://www.chabadrt.org Chabad of the Rivertowns] , the conservative [http://www.g-h-c.org Greenburgh Hebrew Center] in Dobbs Ferry and the dual reform/conservative synagogue [http://www.tba-ny.org/ Temple Beth Abraham] in Tarrytown. Irvington itself features a "chavruah," or member-led Jewish congregation that follows in the conservative tradition, known as [http://www.roshpinah.com/ Rosh Pinah Chavruah of the Rivertowns] .

Points of Interest

*Sunnyside "(1656/1835)" - In 1835 Washington Irving bought for $1,800 a two-room pitched-roofed Dutch farm house built in 1656 from the property that was William Ecker's, and spent 15 years expanding and redesigning the house with the help of his friend and neighbor George Harvey, a landscape painter. Ten years later Irvng continued, adding a tower his friends called "The Pagoda". Today, the house is owned and operated as a museum by Historic Hudson Valley. "(West Sunnyside Lane at the river)"

*Washington Irving Memorial "(1927)" - Designed by Daniel Chester French, America's leading sculptor at the time and the designer of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., the Irving memorial, which is on the National Registry of Historic Places (2000), shows a bust of Irving flanked by two of his characters, Boabdil from "The Alhambra" and Rip van Winkle, all set against polished pink Vermont granite. [Historic Hudson Valley, [http://www.hudsonvalley.org/education/Background/abt_sunny/abt_sunny.html About Sunnyside] ] [Joseph T. Butler, [http://www.hudsonvalley.org/content/view/69/133/ Washington Irving: The Squire of Sunnyside] ] "(North Broadway at West Sunnyside Lane)"

*Odell's Tavern "(1693)" - The main part of the Odell-Conklin-Harmse Tavern, the oldest house extant in Irvington, is constructed of fieldstone, with walls that are four feet thick. It was built by Jan Harmse after he moved to the area from Long Island, and was converted to a tavern in 1742 Mathius and Sophia Conklin, a function it served until sometime in the 1800s. The "Convention of the Representatives of the State of New York" stopped there in April 1776, when Jonathan Odell was the proprietor, on their way out of New York City when the British occupied it, and discussed General Washington's defeat at the Battle of Long Island. In 1989, the Village of Irvington had the opportunity to purchase for $5.5 million the convert|10.5|acre|m2|sing=on Murray-Griffin property that includes the Tavern, as well as 19th century barn and carriage house and a 23-room four-story Bedford stone house built in 1938, but did not. The Tavern, which in 2006 was reported as having undergone a recent restoration using artisans from Lyndhurst, is now part of a private residence and is not open to the public. [Historic River Towns of Westchester, [http://www.hudsonriver.com/rivertowns/irvington.htm Irvington] ] [Tessa Melvin, [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=950DE1DD1F31F93AA15753C1A96F948260 Tempting Offer in Irvington, but How Should Village Respond?] "New York Times" (29 October 1989)] [Henry Steiner, [http://www.riverjournalonline.com/article.php?focus=1154044983&jda= Tradition and Passion — Irvington’s Peter Oley] "River Journal Online" (28 July 2006)] "(South Broadway at West Clinton Avenue)"

*Nevis "(1836)" - Columbia University's Nevis Laboratories is located on a 60 acre property originally owned by James Hamilton, the third son of Alexander Hamilton. He called the estate, which was originally convert|124|acre|km2, "Nevis" after the Caribbean island which was the birthplace of the elder Hamilton. The Greek revival mansion James Hamilton built in 1836 is still standing on the grounds. The estate was given to Columbia in 1934 by Mrs. T. Coleman DuPont, of Delaware, "to make more satisfactory provision for its increasingly important work in landscape architecture and general horticulture." One early pamphlet remarked, "Nevis is one of the superb examples of historic and landscape architecture in America. No other country place north of Maryland so perfectly exemplifies the taste of the Early Republican Period in our history." The property contains an inventory of 2,640 trees and 1,928 ornamental shrubs. [Columbia University, [http://www.nevis.columbia.edu/brief-introduction.html Nevis Laboratories] ] [Bill Boeckelman Publications, [http://www.billboeckelman.com/content/article.html?id=916921 The Nevis Estate] ] "(South Broadway)"

*Station Road Tunnel "(1837-1842)" - At Station Road, west of Broadway, the Old Croton Aqueduct passes overhead in a large stone and earthwork viaduct, through which a single-lane tunnel was built to allow the road to pass through it. [Christopher Gray, [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=980DE2D91030F932A25756C0A961958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all 1842 Route That Carried Water to New York City] "New York Times" (11 May 1997)] "(Station Road)"

*Nuits "(1853)" - This Italianate villa was built as a summer home by the textile importer Francis Cottenet (who came from Nuits-St.-George in France, and whose name adorns "Cottenet Street" in Irvington) out of brick faced with Caen stone – a light creamy-yellow limestone quarried in northwestern France near the city of Caen, and brought to America as ballast in Cottenet's ships – to a design by the noted Danish architect Detlef Lienau. The house was built in two stages, the south entrance area first in 1853, and the north extension, which features a Lord and Burnham conservatory, in 1860. The house passed through numerous owners, including Cyrus Field, John Jacob Astor III and Amzi Lorenzo Barber. Nuits remains a private residence, albeit on four acres rather than the original forty-acre estate. Nuits, which is also known as the Cottenet-Brown House, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977, and the house was restored between 1980 and 2000. [New York Spaces, [http://www.nyspacesmagazine.com/pages.asp?id=541&UID= It Takes A Villa] ] "(Hudson Road and Clifton Place, Ardsley-on-Hudson)"

*St. Barnabas Episcopal Church "(1853)" - A stone Gothic building listed on the National Register of Historic Places (2000), the cornerstone of St. Barnabas was laid on May 29, 1853. It was originally intended as a chapel and school, and was designed by the Reverend Dr. John McVickar, a professor at Columbia College and the General Theological Seminary and friend of Washington Irving – his son, William McVickar was the church's first rector. The building was constructed from stone quarried on the former Rutter estate across Broadway, where the "Fieldpoint" development is now located. In the early 1860s the building was enlarged to become a parish church, to plans produced by the firm of Renwick and Sands. (James Renwick, Jr. was the architect who would design the Irvington Presbyterian Church which stands next to St. Barnabas.) The "Lich Gate" entryway dates from circa 1896, and was designed by A.J. Manning, who later designed the Irvington Town Hall. The Gate is made of solid oak on a stone foundation, and was a memorial to Mrs. H. B. Worthington. [St. Barnabas Church, [http://www.stbarnabaschurch.org/parish_history Parish History] ] "(North Broadway, north of Main Street)"

*McVickar House "(1853)" - The McVickar House was built by Reverend John McVickar for his son, the Reverend William McVickar, the first rector of St. Barnabas Church. John McVickar's own house was on Fargo Lane, not far from Sunnyside, and it is said that Washington Irving enjoyed the view from John McVickar's house better than the one from his own. The backyard of the William McVickar house became the site of a Con Edison substation in 1957, and served as a doctor's office until 1984. The Village of Irvington acquired it in 2002, and it was restored and renovated to be the headquarters of the [http://www.irvingtonhistoricalsociety.org Irvington Historical Society] , opening in November 2005 as the Irvington History Center. The building is on the National Register of Historic Places (2003).Irvington Historical Society, [http://www.irvingtonhistoricalsociety.org/nrhp.html National Register of Historic Places] ] "(131 Main Street, between North Dearman and Broadway)"

*Octagon House (Armour-Stiner House) "(1860)" - Built by Paul J. Armour to ideas advanced by Orson Fowler and expanded and refurbished by Joseph Stiner in 1872, the Armour-Stiner House is said to be one of the most lavish octagon houses built in the period, and is now one of only perhaps a hundred still extant. [ [http://www.octagon.bobanna.com/NY.html Inventory of Older Octagon, Hexagon, and Round Houses: New York] ] [ [http://www.octagon.bobanna.com/images/irvington_ny.jpgPhoto: Irvington Octagon House] ] [David Taylor, [http://users.rcn.com/scndempr/dave/school.html Victorian Houses: A Guide To The Major Architectural Styles] ] The house was later occupied by historian Carl Carmer, who maintained that it was haunted. In 1976, the house was briefly owned by the National Trust for Historic Preservation to prevent it from being demolished. The Trust was unable to fund the amount of renovation the property required, and sold it to a preservationist architect, Joseph Pell Lombardi, who has conserved the house, interiors, grounds and outbuildings. The house is a National Historic Landmark. [ [http://www.josephpelllombardi.com/5homes/octagon.html Armour-Stiner Octagon House] ] "(West Clinton Avenue, west of the Old Croton Trail)"

*Irvington Presbyterian Church "(1869)" - A Romanesque church designed by James Renwick, Jr., who also designed St. Patrick's Cathedral, New York; the stained-glass windows were designed by Louis Comfort Tiffany. The cost of construction was $53,0000. "(North Broadway, north of Main Street)"

*Lord and Burnham Building "(1881)" - Lord and Burnham manufactured greenhouses – a splendid example of which can be seen at Lyndhurst, the estate of Jay Gould, in neighboring Tarrytown [Glass Structures Ltd., [http://www.glassstructures.com/lord_burnham/index.htm Lord and Burnham Greenhouses] ] – and boilers. The Burnham factory building, built in 1881 to replace a factory that burned down on the same site that year, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1999. It has been renovated and repurposed into residences and the new home of the expanded [http://www.irvingtonlibrary.org/ Irvington Public Library] . Across the railroad tracks, the buildings of Lord & Burnham's expansion factory are now utilized as offices, shops and restaurants. [http://www.irvingtonlibrary.org/history.html History of the Irvington Public Library] ] "(Foot of Main Street at the train station)"

*Hermit's Grave "(1888)" - Johann W. Stolting was a native of Heligoland who lived deep in the woods of Irvington as a hermit in the 1800s. He slept in his coffin, made of local chestnut wood, in a cabin overlooking the Saw Mill River valley. Stolting made his own clothes, wore sandals for shoes, but never wore a hat. He survived by selling wooden buttons made on a homemade foot-powered lathe. He died in 1888 at the age of 78, and his grave is only a few hundred feet west of the Saw Mill Parkway – the only marked grave in Irvington. The grave is reachable by a marked trail (the blue and white blazed "HG" trail) that begins at the north end of the village reservoir. "(trail head at Fieldpoint Road)"

*Cosmopolitan Building "(1895)" - This three-story stone neo-Classical revival building topped by three small domes was designed by Stanford White as the headquarters for "Cosmopolitan" when the magazine moved from New York to Irvington – John Brisben Walker, who had bought the general interest magazine in 1889, had a mansion in Irvington only a short walk away. In 1897 Walker started a free correspondance school, the Cosmopolitan Educational University Extension. When 20,000 people enrolled, Walker was unable to keep to its offer of a no-cost education for all, and had to ask the students to pay $20 per year. Nevertheless, the venture attracted well known academics to its staff, and public lectures and other events associated with the school were held in the headquarters building. The magazine also sponsored several automobile races from New York to Irvington to promote the automobile. "Cosmopolitan" left Irvington shortly after William Randolph Hearst bought the magazine in 1905 and moved it back to New York. Afterwards, the building was used as a silent movie studio for some period of time, but for most of its subsquent history has primarily housed manufacturing concerns of various types, including one that made radio oscillators used by the U.S. Army in World War II, and a company that made looseleaf binders and other paper products. The Cosmopolitan Building still stands, although it is known as the "Trent Building" after the family that owns it, but it is quite run down, and its visage has suffered from pedestrian industrial buildings which were stuck on to its rear, obscuring the eastern facade. The building houses manufacturers, offices, a video production facility, a publisher of art books, interior design firms, a yoga studio, a chapel, photographers, a spa, a florist and event space and at least one restaurant. [ [http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAcosmopolitan.htm Costmopolitan (sic)] ] [M.H. Reed, [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A04E0DF103AF933A0575AC0A9679C8B63 A Young Restaurant in a Historic Building] "New York Times" (30 September 2001)] [ Rob Yasinsac, [http://www.westchestermagazine.com/ME2/Audiences/dirmod.asp?sid=B5549CFD24E64BAC93E11938AD51A18C&nm=&type=Publishing&mod=Publications%3A%3AArticle&mid=8F3A7027421841978F18BE895F87F791&tier=4&id=8DFDE8830F524CF89E828673B18C97A1&AudID=B5E5A875FD60477CB36862F364E30CC7 Westchester’s Own Cosmo Girl] "Westchester Magazine" (February 2007)] "(50 South Buckhout Street)"

*East Irvington Public School "(1898, 1925)" - Built by as a one-story school house for the community of East Irvington, the building was expanded to two stories in 1925, and remained in active use as a school until 1970. East Irvington, an unincorporated area of the town of Greenburgh which is part of the Irvington School District, but not of the Village of Irvington, had been known as "Dublin" due to the number of Irish immigrant workers living there, many of whom worked at the nearby quarry. The building was converted to condominiums in 1983, when it was also placed on the National Register of Historic Places. A similar school is located in the section of Tarrytown known as "Pennybridge", which is also past of the Irvington School District.

*Irvington Town Hall "(1902)" - The Irvington Town Hall, which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984, is built on land deeded to the village before the turn of the century by the Mental and Moral Improvement Society of Irvington, which required that the building must have in perpetuity a reading room, and also specified that it have a public hall. The brick, stone and terra cotta building, which is called a "Town Hall" despite Irvington being only a village, was designed by Alfred J. Manning and cost $150,000 to build.The library was to replace the short-lived Irvington Free Library (later the "Atheneum") which began in the local "little red schoolhouse". The new library, which opened in 1902, was designed by Louis Comfort Tiffany, with Tiffany-glass lighting fixtures. The furnishings were donated by Helen Gould, the daughter of Jay Gould, and Frederick Guiteau (uncle of Charles J. Guiteau, who assassinated President James Garfield) paid for the books. Although in 2000 the library moved into the Burnham Building (see below), a reading room, the so-called "Tiffany Room", remains in the Town Hall, to fulfill the requirements of the deed. A recently installed statue of Rip Van Winkle stands next to the Town Hall, on the grounds of the Main Street School. "(Main Street at North Ferris Street)"

* [http://www.irvingtontheater.com/index.html Town Hall Theater] "(1902)" - The theatre was designed to be a replica of Ford's Theatre in Washington, where Abraham Lincoln was assassinated, [http://www.hudsonriver.com/halfmoonpress/stories/0898trol.htm What You'll See on the Historic River Towns Trolley] ] and when completed in 1902 it was widely thought to be one of the best "opera houses" in the Hudson Valley. For decades the social life of Irvington revolved around the theatre, which hosted concerts, recitals, balls, cotillions, graduations, minstrel shows, auditions, political rallies and public meetings. However, it gradually fell into disuse and disrepair by the 1960s, being used only for occasional exhibitions and overnight "camping" by the local Boy Scout troops. In 1978 concerted citizen action had started the ball rolling to completely renovate and revitalize the theater, and it re-opened in 1980, run by Irvington Town Hall Theater, Inc a non-profit corporation under the auspices of the Town Hall Theater Commission, whose members are appointed by the mayor. Today, THT presents a wide variety of events, including concerts, plays and musicals, in its beautiful 432-seat facility. [http://www.irvingtontheater.com/index.html Irvington Town Hall Theatre] ] "(Main Street at North Ferris Street)"

*Halsey Teahouse "(1905)" - A. J. Manning was commissioned by oil and cotton magnateMelchior Beltzhoover to build an exact replica of a Rhineland castle. The building, called "Rochroane" was sold to Benjamin Halsey in 1927 and renamed "Grey Towers", but was abandoned in 1976, and it burned down the next year (the exterior was stone, but the interior was wood). The "Halsey Playhouse" or "Teahouse", which was restored in 1997, is the last remnant of the forty-four room castle, except for a Tiffany landscape window now in the Corning Museum of Glass. It has two floors, and an open hexagonal tower with gothic-srched windows, and there's a walkway and stone bridge around Halsey Pond, which the structure overlooks. Vestiges of a fountain, dam, and other structures can be seen in the nearby woods. [Eytan Wronker, [http://gumby57ny.tripod.com/id2.html Irvington, NY Artwork] ] Rob Yasinsac, [http://www.hudsonvalleyruins.org/yasinsac/irvington.html Hudson Valley Ruins: Irvington] ] [National Parks Service, [http://www.nps.gov/nhl/designations/samples/ma/Frederick%20Ayer%20Mansion.pdf National Historic Landmark Nomination: Frederick Ayer Mansion] ] "( [http://maps.google.com/maps?ie=UTF8&hl=en&ll=41.029239,-73.853209&spn=0.007802,0.014441&z=16&om=0 Halsey Pond Lane] )"

*Villa Lewaro "(1917)" - Among Irvington's famous residents was Madam C.J. Walker, America's first female millionaire. An African American woman, she made her fortune in creating the first ever hair-straightening method, which included a shampooing technique along with a chemical product that helped the process. In 1917, Madame Walker had a $250,000 country home built on Broadway in Irvington, designed by Vertner Tandy, the first registered African-American architect. She wanted the home to be an example for her people, "to see what could be accomplished, no matter what their background." The name Villa Lewaro was coined by Enrico Caruso, from the first two letters of each word in Lelia Walker Robinson, the name of her daughter, who later went by the name of A'Lelia Walker. A'Lelia Walker inherited the house, and occupied it until her death in 1931, when it was bequeathed to the NAACP which could not accept it because of the cost. The house became the Anne E. Poth Home, a retirement home for seniors, until the 1970s. The neo-Palladian-style mansion still stands today, and is again a private residence. "Villa Lewaro" is a National Historic Landmark. [Places Where Women Made History, [http://www.nps.gov/history/nr/travel/pwwmh/ny22.htm Villa Lewaro] ] "(North Broadway at Fargo Lane)"

Parks and Recreation

Three of Irvington's parks, Memorial Park "(Dows Lane or Station Road)", Matthiessen Park "(Bridge Street off Astor Street)" and Halsey Pond Park "( [http://maps.google.com/maps?ie=UTF8&hl=en&ll=41.029239,-73.853209&spn=0.007802,0.014441&z=16&om=0 Halsey Pond Lane] )", are open only to village residents with a permit, but others are accessible by the general public. The Irvington Parks and Recreation Department is located in the Isabel K. Benjamin Community Center on Main Street.Village of Irvington, [http://www.irvingtonny.gov/index.asp?NID=116 Irvington's Parks] ]

*The Old Croton Trailway State Historic Park and Trail, which runs along the Croton Aqueduct, traverses the village between Broadway and the Hudson River, and is a popular biking and jogging path. "(west of Broadway)"

*Scenic Hudson Park is located on the river side of the railroad tracks, not far from the foot of Main Street. Pedestrians can use the underpass at the train station, cars cross the tracks via Bridge Street. The park has ballfields, children's playgrounds, about a mile of flat walking paths, a boat launch and convert|4.5|acre|m2 of lawn. It is co-owned by the Village of Irvington and The Scenic Hudson Land Trust, Inc. "(Bridge Street at the river)"

* [http://www.billboeckelman.com/files/129288/Irvington%20Trail%20Map.pdf Irvington Woods Hiking Trails] - an extensive network of hiking trails, most of them fairly non-strenuous, criss-crosses the woods between Broadway and the Saw Mill River Parkway. One of the highlights of the area is the Irvington Reservoir and its associated watershed, through which many of the trails pass. [Bill Boeckelman Publications, [http://www.billboeckelman.com/content/article.html?id=6258 Irvington, NY] ] "(trailheads on Cyrus Field Road, Mountain Road, Fieldpoint Road, and near Irvington High School)"

*Westchester County's [http://www.westchestergov.com/parks/Parks.htm V. Everett Macy Park] is located in part in Irvington, along the Saw Mill River Parkway at the eastern side of the village boundaries. Created in 1926 and originally called "Woodlands Park", it was renamed for the scion of the Macy family who was Westchester's first Commissioner of Public Welfare and later became a local newspaper baron. The park has three distinct areas with slightly different atmospheres. One part, with an entrance in Ardsley, New York (not Ardsley-on-Hudson) on Saw Mill Road, functions as a local park with ballfields, a playground, public toilets and picnic pavilion. Another, accesible by car only by the northbound lanes of the Saw Mill River Parkway, features the Great Hunger Memorial commemorating the Irish famine of 1845-1852 which drove many Irish immigrants to settle in Westchester. The area also includes Woodlands Lake, with fishing, ice skating, a recently-closed restaurant, access to the South County Trailway, and convert|500|ft|m of the former Putnam Division Railroad. The final area is largely undeveloped. A county park permit may be required for some uses of the park.

*There are no public golf courses located in Irvington, however the [http://www.ardsleycc.org/club/scripts/public/public.asp?NS=PUBLIC Ardsley Country Club] , a private club founded in 1895, is located in Ardsley-on-Hudson, which is part of Irvington. The [http://www.ardsleycurling.org/outside_frame.asp Ardsley Curling Club] is located on the grounds of the country club.

Notable Residents

Notable past residents of Irvington include "Madam C.J. Walker" (see "Villa Lewaro" in Points of Interest above); "Louis Comfort Tiffany" whose Tiffany glass can be seen in the clock tower and lighting fixtures in the Town Hall and the stained glass windows in the Presbyterian Church; "Cyrus W. Field", who laid the first transatlantic telegraph cable; "Chauncey M. Depew", President of the New York Central Railroad and United States Senator; "John Jacob Astor III", the wealthiest man in America at the time; "Frank Jay Gould", the philanthropist son of Jay Gould; "Amzi Lorenzo Barber", the asphalt king; "Justine Bayard Cutting Ward", who developed the Ward method of music education; and "Albert Bierstadt", a noted landscape painter. Jazz saxophonist "Stan Getz" also lived in Irvington – his estate, "Shadowbrook", is less than a mile from Washington Irving's home, at the intersection of Broadway and West Sunnyside Lane. Actress "Patricia Neal" lived in Irvington for a while, and "Ted Mack", for many years the host of "Ted Mack's Original Amateur Hour" on television, was also a resident, as was actress "Joan Blondell" and her husband for a time in the late 1940s and early 50's movie producer "Mike Todd" – and Blondell's children, including "Norman S. Powell", adopted son of Dick Powell, went to Irvington's public schools. Silent film actor "William Black" was born in Irvington. [IMDB, [http://imdb.com/name/nm0085559/ William Black (I)] ] [IMDB, [http://imdb.com/name/nm0533085/bio Biography for Ted Mack] ] [Joel Cook, [http://books.google.com/books?id=lyAFAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA109 Brief Summer Rambles Near Philadelphia] (1882)] [ [http://www.ardsleycc.org/club/scripts/public/public.asp?NS=PUBLIC Ardsley Country Club] ] Elsa Brenner, [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9402E4D9103FF930A15756C0A9629C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all If You're Thinking of Living In/Irvington; Riverfront Vistas and Unassuming Charm] "New York Times" (23 May 2004)]

Currently, Irvington is home to number of notable residents, including Today Show co-host "Meredith Vieira", ABC News weatherman "Storm Field", FOX News newscaster "Jon Scott", the acting couple "Debra Winger" and "Arliss Howard", writer "Robert K. Massie", designer "Eileen Fisher", singer "Julius La Rosa", jazz musician "Bob James", choreographer "Peter Martins", "Monica Getz", founder of the [http://www.ncfj.org/default.asp Coalition for Family Justice] , the Reverend "Sun Myung Moon" head of the Unification Church and "Julianna Rose Mauriello", the host of the TV series Lazytown was born in Irvington.George Stolz, [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A0DE3DA123FF93AA15755C0A960948260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all If You're Thinking of Living In Irvington] "New York Times" (29 June 1986)]

2005 Mayoral Election

The controversial 2005 Irvington mayoral election was held on March 15 2005, but was not decided until October 27 2005. The race between Republican incumbent Dennis P. Flood and Democratic challenger Erin Malloy ended up being decided "by lots", as required by New York state law when a village election is tied (847 votes for each candidate).

The count that took place on election night gave Flood a one-vote lead. On March 18, the Westchester County Board of Elections recounted the votes, giving Malloy a one-vote lead. Turning to two unopened absentee ballots, the board found that one was for Flood, resulting in a tie. The other absentee ballot was not opened as the name on the envelope did not match any names on the voter-registration list. Susan B. Morton, who had registered to vote as Susan Brenner Morton, stepped forward three days later and demanded that her vote for Malloy be counted. For several months afterward, various suits, motions, and appeals were filed in state courts. On October 20, the Court of Appeals, New York State's highest court, denied requests by Malloy and Morton, leaving the election in a tie. To comply with state law, the village had to use random lots to decide the winner.

State law does not specify the method of drawing lots, so the village opted to draw quarters from a bag. Eight quarters were used. Four had a bald eagle on the back and represented Malloy. Flood was represented by four quarters with the Statue of Liberty on the back. Village Trustee/Deputy Mayor Richard Livingston, a Republican, drew a quarter from the bag. It was handed to Village Clerk Lawrence Schopfer, who declared Flood to be the winner. Flood was then sworn in for his sixth two-year term as mayor of Irvington. [Jennifer Medina, [http://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/22/nyregion/22irvington.html?scp=2&sq=Irvington+mayoral+election&st=nyt Mayoral Election in Irvington Remains Far From Resolved] "New York Times" (22 March 2005)
Jennifer Medina, [http://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/25/nyregion/25irvington.html?scp=4&sq=Irvington+mayoral+election&st=nyt In Irvington, One Vote Keeps the Town on Edge] "New York Times" (25 March 2005)
Jennifer Medina, [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C07EEDC123FF93AA15750C0A9639C8B63&scp=7&sq=Irvington+mayoral+election&st=nyt Irvington: Challenger Wins By 1 Vote] "New York Times" (29 March 2005)
Jennifer Medina, [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9403E0DE1630F93BA35754C0A9639C8B63&scp=15&sq=Irvington+mayoral+election&st=nyt Irvington: Court Orders End To Mayoral Race] "New York Times" (8 July 2005)
Linda W. Foderaro, [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B0DE6DC133FF932A15753C1A9639C8B63&scp=12&sq=Irvington+mayoral+election&st=nyt Irvington: Court Refuses To Break Mayoral Tie] "New York Times" (21 October 2005)
Debra West, [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F03E7D8123FF930A15753C1A9639C8B63&scp=1&sq=Irvington+mayoral+election&st=nyt Cross Westchester: Hyphenated Voting Rights?] "New York Times" (23 October 2005)
Jennifer Medina, [http://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/28/nyregion/metrocampaigns/28irvington.html Irvington Mayor Pulls 6th Term Out of a Bag] "New York Times" (28 October 2005)
David Scharfenberg, [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=940DE7DD123FF933A05754C0A9609C8B63&scp=8&sq=Irvington+mayoral+election&st=nyt Getting Elected Can Turn On Plain Old Luck] "New York Times" (30 July 2006)]

Months later, to complicate the situation even more, it was learned that an Irvington resident who has two houses and was registered to vote in both Irvington and a Long Island suburb, inadvertently broke the law by voting in both elections, although his intent was to cancel his Irvington voter registration. He was an adamant supporter of Flood. [Bruce Lambert and Julia C. Mead, [http://www.nytimes.com/2006/06/10/nyregion/10saltaire.html?scp=5&sq=Irvington+mayoral+election&st=nyt Suffolk Jury Looks Into Issue of Dual Voting by Second-Home Owners] "New York Times" (10 June 2006)]

Erin Malloy was elected mayor in the election of 2007.

See also

* Irvington High School (New York)
* Irvington Middle School

References

Notes

Further reading

Stewart and Polly Anne Graff (eds.) "Wolfert's Roost: Portrait of a Village" The Washington Irving Press (1971)

External links

* [http://www.irvingtonny.gov/ Village of Irvington official website]
* [http://www.edline.net/pages/Irvington_UFSD Irvington Union Free School District]
* [http://www.icsirvington.net/ Immaculate Conception School]
* [http://www.irvingtonnychamber.com/ Irvington Chamber of Commerce]
* [http://www.irvingtonlibrary.org/index.html Irvington Public Library]
* [http://www.irvingtontheater.com/index.html Town Hall Theatre]
* [http://www.irvingtonhistoricalsociety.org/ Irvington Historical Society]
* [http://www.hudsonvalleyruins.org/yasinsac/irvington.html Hudson Valley Ruins: Irvington]
* [http://www.irvingtonpolice.com/ Irvington Police Department]
* [http://www.irvingtonfd.com/ Irvington Volunteer Fire Department]
* [http://www.billboeckelman.com/files/129288/Irvington%20Trail%20Map.pdf Irvington Woods Trail Map]
* [http://www.riverjournalonline.com/article.php?section=9&jda= "The River Journal"]
* [http://www.intownconnect.com/ "InTown Westchester" magazine]
* [http://www.lohud.com/ "The Journal News", the local newspaper]
* [http://www.theHudsonIndependent.com "The Hudson Independent" (Local Newspaper)]