Curtiss-Wright Junior

CR-1 Skeeter, CW-1 Junior
Role	Sports plane
Manufacturer	Curtiss-Robertson, Curtiss-Wright
Designer	Karl White, Walter Beech, H. Lloyd Child
First flight	5 October 1930
Number built	ca. 270

The Curtiss-Wright CW-1 Junior, originally named the Curtiss-Robertson CR-1 Skeeter was a light sports aircraft produced in the United States in the 1930s. Designed as a minimalist, affordable aircraft, the Junior was marketed as "built to sell for the price of an automobile in the medium price class".^[1] Curtiss-Robertson's plans to produce such an aircraft were driven by the imminent arrival of the Aeronca C-2 and American Eagle Eaglet on the market. Hoping to compete in the same class, the company purchased the rights to the Snyder Buzzard but soon discovered that it simply could not be made to perform well enough. To replace it, the Skeeter was produced as an all-new design that retained the Buzzard's basic configuration. The aircraft featured a fuselage of square cross-section made from steel tube and covered in fabric. The top of the fuselage was left open, to create an open cockpit for the pilot and a passenger sitting in tandem. The tiny pusher engine was mounted atop a parasol wing. Undercarriage was of the fixed, tailwheel type.

By the time the aircraft was ready to market in 1931, Curtiss-Robertson's parent company, Curtiss, had merged into Curtiss-Wright, and the Skeeter was awarded the new designation and name CW-1 Junior. Sales were brisk through 1931, with some 270 aircraft sold at $1,490 each, but the success did not last long. The pusher propeller arrangement was the source of two serious problems. First, the chosen powerplant, the three-cylinder Szekely SR-3 radial engine had a noted tendency to throw cylinders. In the pusher design, this resulted in the cylinder passing through the propeller. While Junior owners solved this problem by wrapping a steel cable around the engine so that any thrown cylinder would stay in place until the aircraft was safely on the ground (some sources imply that the steel cable was also added to dampen engine vibrations, and thus reduce the failure rate), the second problem was not so easily solved. The Junior's low stance on the ground and the presence of a propeller in a position where people were not used to finding one led to a number of accidents where people on the ground (particularly passengers disembarking the aircraft) simply walked into the spinning propeller. These issues, combined with a highly-publicised fatal crash, spelled the end of the Junior's marketability. By early 1932, sales had virtually stopped, and Curtiss-Wright's head office decided to end production.

A number of Juniors are preserved as museum aircraft, some in flying condition. Collections containing an example include the National Air and Space Museum, Fantasy of Flight, the Old Rhinebeck Aerodrome, Yesterday's Flyers, Pioneer Flight Museum. The Pioneer flight museum's pioneerflightmuseum.org example is one of the few experimentally fitted with the French 40hp Salmson AD-9 radial engine. The fuel tank on this example is cone shaped, presumably to better facilitate cooling air to the Salmson engine.

Specifications

Data from Curtiss Aircraft 1907–1947^[2]

General characteristics

• Crew: One pilot
• Capacity: 1 passenger
• Length: 21 ft 3 in (6.47 m)
• Wingspan: 39 ft 6 in (12.03 m)
• Height: 7 ft 4 in (2.23 m)
• Wing area: 176 ft² (16.35 m²)
• Empty weight: 570 lb (259 kg)
• Gross weight: 975 lb (442 kg)
• Powerplant: 1 × Szekely SR-3, 45 hp (34 kW) each

Performance

• Maximum speed: 80 mph (129 km/h)
• Range: 200 miles (322 km)
• Service ceiling: 12,000 ft (3,660 m)
• Rate of climb: 600 ft/min (3.0 m/s)

See also

References

1. ^ "Curtiss Wright CW-1 Junior". Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. http://www.nasm.si.edu/collections/artifact.cfm?id=A19590100000. Retrieved 17 April 2011. 
2. ^ Bowers 1979, p. 401.

• Bowers, Peter M (1979). Curtiss Aircraft 1907–1947. London: Putnam. ISBN 0 370 10029 8. 
• Taylor, Michael J. H. (1989). Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation. London: Studio Editions. pp. 282. 
• World Aircraft Information Files. London: Bright Star Publishing. pp. File 891 Sheet 54. 
• NASM website
• Old Rhinebeck Aerodrome website

External links

• "Cockpit Enclosure Converts Plane To Year Round Use" Popular Mechanics, April 1936 bottom pg 557