Pithecellobium dulce

Pithecellobium dulce
Pithecellobium dulce
In Kolkata, West Bengal (India)
Conservation status

Secure (NatureServe)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Genus: Pithecellobium
Species: P. dulce
Binomial name
Pithecellobium dulce
(Roxb.) Benth.[2]

Pithecellobium dulce is a species of flowering plant in the pea family, Fabaceae, that is native to Mexico, Central America, and northern South America.[2] It is introduced and extensively naturalised in the Caribbean, Florida, Guam and Southeast Asia. It is considered an invasive species in Hawaii.

It is known by the name "Madras thorn", but it is not native to Madras. The name "Manila tamarind" is misleading, since it is neither closely related to tamarind, nor native to Manila. It is called "seema chintakaya" in telugu. The name "monkeypod" is more commonly used for the rain tree (Albizia saman). Other names include blackbead, sweet Inga,[2] cuauhmochitl (Nahuatl), guamúchil / cuamúchil / huamúchil (Mexico, Spanish), guamá americano (Puerto Rico) Makham thet Thai: มะขามเทศ, ʻopiuma (Hawaiian), kamachile (Filipino),[3] વિલાયતી આંબલી vilayati ambli (Gujarati), जंगल जलेबी jungle jalebi or ganga imli (Hindi), তেঁতুল tetul (Bengali), seeme hunase (Kannada), विलायती चिंच vilayati chinch (Marathi) ,கோன புளியங்கா/ கொடுக்காப்புளி kodukkappuli (Tamil) and సీమ చింత seema chinta (Telugu).

Contents

Description

P. dulce is a tree that reaches a height of about 10 to 15 m (33 to 49 ft). Its trunk is spiny and its leaves are bipinnate. Each pinna has a single pair of ovate-oblong leaflets that are about 2 to 4 m (6.6 to 13 ft) long. The flowers are greenish-white, fragrant, sessile and reach about 12 cm (4.7 in) in length, though appear shorter due to coiling. The flowers produce a pod with an edible pulp. The seeds are black.

The seeds are dispersed via birds that feed on the sweet pod. It is drought resistant and can survive in dry lands from sea level to an elevation of 300 m (980 ft), making it suitable for cultivation as a street tree.

Uses

Medicinal uses

In folk medicine, a decoction of its bark can cure frequent bowel movements[citation needed]. The leaves can be applied as plasters for pain and venereal sores. Decoctions of leaves are also used for indigestion and as an abortifacient[citation needed]. Its bark is also used due to its high tannin content and might be the reason behind its introduction to Guam from Mexico via the Philippines.

As food

The seed pods contain a sweet pulp that can be eaten raw or prepared as a beverage. It is also good for blood circulation[citation needed].

Ecology

P. dulce is a host plant for the caterpillars of the red-bordered pixie (Melanis pixe).[4]

Synonyms

This plant is known under numerous junior synonyms:[5]

  • Acacia obliquifolia M.Martens & Galeotti
  • Albizia dulcis (Roxb.) F.Muell.
  • Feuilleea dulcis (Roxb.) Kuntze
  • Inga camatchili Perr.
  • Inga dulcis (Roxb.) Willd.
  • Inga javana DC.
  • Inga javanica DC.
  • Inga lanceolata sensu Blanco
Inga lanceolata Willd. is Pithecellobium lanceolatum
  • Inga leucantha C.Presl
  • Inga pungens Willd.
  • Mimosa dulcis Roxb.
  • Mimosa edulis Gagnep.
  • Mimosa pungens (Willd.) Poir.
  • Mimosa unguis-cati Blanco
Mimosa unguis-cati L. is Pithecellobium unguis-cati
  • Pithecellobium littorale Record
  • Pithecollobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. (lapsus)

References

  1. ^ "Pithecellobium dulce - (Roxb.) Benth. Guama Americano". NatureServe Explorer. NatureServe. http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/NatureServe?sourceTemplate=tabular_report.wmt&loadTemplate=species_RptComprehensive.wmt&selectedReport=RptComprehensive.wmt&summaryView=tabular_report.wmt&elKey=161561&paging=home&save=true&startIndex=1&nextStartIndex=1&reset=false&offPageSelectedElKey=161561&offPageSelectedElType=species&offPageYesNo=true&post_processes=&radiobutton=radiobutton&selectedIndexes=161561. Retrieved 2010-09-19. 
  2. ^ a b c "Taxon: Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 1994-08-23. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?28697. Retrieved 2010-03-29. 
  3. ^ Grandtner, Miroslav M. (2005). Elsevier's Dictionary of Trees: With Names in Latin, English, French, Spanish and Other Languages. 1. Elsevier. pp. 670–671. ISBN 9780444517845. http://books.google.com/books?id=yjc5ZYWtkNAC. 
  4. ^ "Red-bordered Pixie Melanis pixe (Boisduval, 1836)". Butterflies and Moths of North America. http://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/species?l=1646. Retrieved 2010-09-19. 
  5. ^ International Legume Database & Information Service (ILDIS) (2005): Pithecellobium dulce. Version 10.01, November 2005. Retrieved 2008-MAR-30.

External links


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  • Pithecellobium dulce — huamachil huamachil n. A common thorny tropical American tree ({Pithecellobium dulce}) having terminal racemes of yellow flowers followed by sickle shaped or circinate edible pods and yielding good timber and a yellow dye and mucilaginous gum.… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Pithecellobium dulce — huamachil huamachil n. A common thorny tropical American tree ({Pithecellobium dulce}) having terminal racemes of yellow flowers followed by sickle shaped or circinate edible pods and yielding good timber and a yellow dye and mucilaginous gum.… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Pithecellobium dulce — manila tamarind manila tamarind n. A common thorny tropical American tree ({Pithecellobium dulce}) having terminal racemes of yellow flowers followed by sickle shaped or circinate edible pods and yielding good timber and a yellow dye and… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Pithecellobium dulce — manila tamarind manila tamarind n. A common thorny tropical American tree ({Pithecellobium dulce}) having terminal racemes of yellow flowers followed by sickle shaped or circinate edible pods and yielding good timber and a yellow dye and… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Pithecellobium dulce — saldžioji beždžionpupė statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Mimozinių šeimos dekoratyvinis, medieninis, vaisinis, vaistinis augalas (Pithecellobium dulce), paplitęs Šiaurės ir Pietų Amerikoje. Jo ankštys valgomos kaip vaisiai. atitikmenys: lot.… …   Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)

  • Pithecellobium dulce — camachile camachile n. a common thorny tropical American tree ({Pithecellobium dulce}) having terminal racemes of yellow flowers followed by sickle shaped or circinate edible pods and yielding good timber and a yellow dye and mucilaginous gum.… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • . PITHECELLOBIUM DULCE (ROXB.) BENTH. - ПИТЕЦЕЛЛОБИУМ СЛАДКИЙ — см. 399. Дерево. . P. dulce (Roxb.) Benth. П. сладкий Benth. in Hook. bond. Journ. (1844) 199. Zingg (1934) 251. Howes (1946) 78. Kostermans (1954) 8. S у n. Mimosa dulcis Roxb.; Inga dulcis Willd.; Feuilleea dulcis 0. Ktze. М е с т н. н а з в.… …   Справочник растений

  • Pithecellobium dulce — ID 64285 Symbol Key PIDU Common Name monkeypod Family Fabaceae Category Dicot Division Magnoliophyta US Nativity Introduced to U.S. US/NA Plant Yes State Distribution FL, HI, PR, TX, VI Growth Habit Tree, Shrub Dur …   USDA Plant Characteristics

  • Pithecellobium dulce — noun common thorny tropical American tree having terminal racemes of yellow flowers followed by sickle shaped or circinate edible pods and yielding good timber and a yellow dye and mucilaginous gum • Syn: ↑manila tamarind, ↑camachile, ↑huamachil …   Useful english dictionary

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