Mumpsvax

Mumpsvax is a mumps vaccine made of mumps virus. Mumpsvax is a product of Merck & Co.,Inc.^[1] The vaccine is a component of Merck's three-virus MMR vaccine.^[2]

Mumpsvax is administered by a subcutaneous injection of live virus reconstituted from freeze-dried (lyophilized) vaccine.^[1]

The dosage of the mumps vaccine component in MMR is the same as of Mumpsvax, "Each 0.5 mL dose contains not less than 20,000 TCID₅₀ (50% Tissue Culture Infective Dose) of mumps virus." The Merck product information recommends MMR as the secondary vaccination treatment with Mumpsvax.^[1]

Mumpsvax is produced from the Jeryl Lynn^[3] strain of mumps virus developed by the late Maurice Hilleman. When his daughter Jeryl Lynn Hilleman contracted Mumps (in 1963) Dr. Hilleman cultured the vaccine strain from her throat. The mumps virus strains were developed in embryonic hens' eggs and chick embryo cell cultures. The resulting strains of virus were less well-suited for human cells, and are thus said to be attenuated. They are sometimes referred to as neuroattenuated in the sense that these strains are less virulent to human neurons than the wild strains.^[4][5]

The cells used in culture, virus stocks used, and animal fluids are all screened for extraneous material as part of the vaccine production. They are grown in Medium 199 (a solution containing buffered salt, vitamins, amino acids, fetal bovine serum) with SPGA(sucrose, phosphate, glutamate, human serum albumin) and neomycin. The human albumin processing uses the Cohn cold ethanol fractionation method.^[1]

National Drug Codes for Mumpsvax are:^[1]

NDC 0006-4753-00	A single-dose vial of lyophilized vaccine with a vial of diluent.
NDC 0006-4584-00	A box of 10 single-dose vials of lyophylized vaccine with a box of 10 vials of diluent.

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e} Merck Co. (1990, 1999). "MUMPSVAX (Mumps Virus Vaccine Live) Jeryl Lynn Strain" (PDF). Merck Co.. http://www.merck.com/product/usa/pi_circulars/m/mumpsvax/mumpsvax_pi.pdf. 
2. ^ Merck Co. (1990, 1999). "M-M-R II (Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Virus Vaccine Live)" (PDF). Merck Co.. http://www.merck.com/product/usa/pi_circulars/m/mmr_ii/mmr_ii_pi.pdf. 
3. ^ Young ML, Dickstein B, Weibel RE, Stokes J Jr, Buynak EB, Hilleman MR. (November 1, 1967). "Experiences with Jeryl Lynn strain live attenuated mumps virus vaccine in a pediatric outpatient clinic". Pediatrics (American Academy of Pediatrics) 40 (5): 798–803. PMID 6075651. http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/abstract/40/5/798. 
4. ^ "Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals". World Health Organization. 2003. http://www.who.int/vaccines/en/mumps.shtml#candidates. 
5. ^ Rubin, S. A.; Amexis, G; Pletnikov, M; Li, Z; Vanderzanden, J; Mauldin, J; Sauder, C; Malik, T et al. (2003). "Changes in Mumps Virus Gene Sequence Associated with Variability in Neurovirulent Phenotype". Journal of Virology 77 (21): 11616–24. doi:10.1128/JVI.77.21.11616-11624.2003. PMC 229304. PMID 14557647. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=229304.