Nicorandil

Nicorandil

Systematic (IUPAC) name
2-[(pyridin-3-ylcarbonyl)amino]ethyl nitrate
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
Pregnancy cat.	B3(AU)
Legal status	POM (UK)
Routes	Oral
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	75 to 80%
Protein binding	25%
Metabolism	Hepatic
Half-life	1 hour
Excretion	Renal (21%)
Identifiers
CAS number	65141-46-0
ATC code	C01DX16
PubChem	CID 47528
IUPHAR ligand	2411
ChemSpider	43240 Y
UNII	260456HAM0 Y
KEGG	D01810 Y
ChEMBL	CHEMBL284906 Y
Chemical data
Formula	C8H9N3O4
Mol. mass	211.175 g/mol
SMILES	eMolecules & PubChem
InChI InChI=1S/C8H9N3O4/c12-8(7-2-1-3-9-6-7)10-4-5-15-11(13)14/h1-3,6H,4-5H2,(H,10,12) Y Key:LBHIOVVIQHSOQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
Y(what is this?)  (verify)

Nicorandil is a vasodilatory drug used to treat angina. It is marketed under the trade names Ikorel (in the United Kingdom, Australia and most of Europe), Dancor (in Switzerland), Nikoran (in India), Aprior (in the Philippines), Nitorubin (in Japan) and Sigmart (in Japan, South Korea and Taiwan). Nicorandil is not available in the United States.

It works by opening K_ATP potassium channels.

Side effects

Common side effects include flushing, palpitation, weakness, headache, mouth ulcers, nausea and vomiting. More recently peri-anal, ileal and peri-stomal ulceration has been reported as a side effect. Anal ulceration is now included in the British National Formulary as a reported side effect.

Can also give the feeling of severe toothache, and nasal congestion

Mechanism of Action

Activates the K channel, therefore there is an increased K permeability. this leads to vascular smooth muscle hyperpolarisation causing the closure of Ca L-type channel, thus reduced intracellular free Ca, thus vasodialation.

References

• Kukovetz WR, Holzmann S, Pöch G (1992). "Molecular mechanism of action of nicorandil". J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 20 (Suppl 3): S1–7. PMID 1282168. 

• Tripathi, K.D. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology, chapter 37, page 499.
• Dr.Hosny Mohaed, Brief ACSs.