Good Times

For other uses, see Good Times (disambiguation).

Good Times
Good Times title screen
Genre	Sitcom
Created by	Eric Monte Michael Evans
Developed by	Norman Lear
Directed by	Gerren Keith Herbert Kenwith Bob LaHendro Donald McKayle
Starring	Esther Rolle (Seasons 1–4, 6) John Amos (Seasons 1–3) Jimmie Walker Ja'net Dubois Bern Nadette Stanis Ralph Carter Johnny Brown (Seasons 2–6) Janet Jackson (Seasons 5–6) Ben Powers (Season 6)
Theme music composer	Dave Grusin Alan Bergman Marilyn Bergman
Opening theme	"Good Times" performed by Jim Gilstrap and Blinky Williams
Ending theme	"Good Times"
Country of origin	United States
Language(s)	English
No. of seasons	6
No. of episodes	133 (List of episodes)
Production
Executive producer(s)	Norman Lear (seasons 1-2) Allan Manings (seasons 3-4) Austin and Irma Kalish (season 5) Norman Paul (season 6)
Producer(s)	Allan Manings (season 1-2) Jack Elinson (season 3) Norman Paul (season 3) Austin and Irma Kalish (season 4) Lloyd Turner (season 5) Gordon Mitchell (season 5) Sid Dorfman (season 6)
Camera setup	Multi-camera
Running time	22–24 minutes
Production company(s)	Bud Yorkin-Norman Lear-Tandem Productions, Inc.
Distributor	PITS Films (1978–1982) Embassy Telecommunications (1982–1986) Embassy Communications (1986–1988) Columbia Pictures Television (1988–1996) Columbia TriStar Television (1996–2002) Sony Pictures Television (2002–present, as successor to Tandem Productions)
Broadcast
Original channel	CBS
Original run	February 8, 1974 (1974-02-08) – August 1, 1979 (1979-08-01)
Chronology
Preceded by	All in the Family Maude

Good Times is an American sitcom that originally aired from February 8, 1974, until August 1, 1979, on the CBS television network. It was created by Eric Monte and Michael Evans, and developed by Norman Lear, the series' primary executive producer. Good Times is a spin-off of Maude, which was itself a spin-off of All in the Family.

While the series was set in Chicago, all episodes of Good Times were produced in the Los Angeles area. The first two seasons were taped at CBS Television City in Hollywood. In the fall of 1975, the show moved to Metromedia Square, where Norman Lear's own production company was housed.

Synopsis

John Amos and Esther Rolle, 1974.

Good Times is based on Eric Monte's childhood—although one of the main characters' name is "Michael Evans", which was the real name of co-creator Mike Evans, who portrayed Lionel Jefferson on the Norman Lear-produced series All in the Family and The Jeffersons.

The series stars Esther Rolle as Florida Evans and John Amos as her husband, James Evans, Sr. The characters originated on the sitcom Maude as Florida and Henry Evans, with Florida employed as Maude Findlay's housekeeper in Tuckahoe, New York and Henry employed as a firefighter. When producers decided to feature the Florida character in her own show, they applied retroactive changes to the characters' history. Henry's name became James, there was no mention of Maude, and the couple now lived in Chicago.

Florida and James Evans and their three children live in a rented project apartment, 17C, at 963 N. Gilbert Ave., in a housing project (implicitly the infamous Cabrini–Green projects, shown in the opening and closing credits but never mentioned by name on the show) in a poor, black neighborhood in inner-city Chicago. Florida and James' children were James, Jr., also known as "J.J." (Jimmie Walker), Thelma (Bern Nadette Stanis), and Michael (Ralph Carter). When the series began, J.J. and Thelma were seventeen and sixteen years old, respectively, and Michael, called "the militant midget" by his father due to his passionate activism, was eleven years old. Their exuberant neighbor, and Florida's best friend, was Willona Woods (played by Ja'net Dubois), a recent divorcée who worked at a boutique. Her adopted daughter, Millicent "Penny" Woods (Janet Jackson), a victim of child abuse, joined the show in the fifth season. Willona affectionately called Michael Evans "Gramps" because of his wisdom. Their building superintendent was Nathan Bookman (Johnny Brown), whom James, Willona and later J.J. referred to as "Buffalo Butt."

Florida and son J.J., 1974.

As was the case on other Norman Lear sitcoms, the characters and subject matter in Good Times were a breakthrough for American television. Sitcoms had featured working class characters before (dating back at least to The Life of Riley), but never before had a weekly series featured African American characters living in such impoverished conditions. (Fred and Lamont Sanford of Sanford and Son, though they lived in the poor Watts area of Los Angeles, at least had their own home and business.)

Episodes of Good Times dealt with the characters' attempts to "get by" in a high rise project building in Chicago, despite all the odds stacked against them. When he was not unemployed, James Evans was a man of pride and would often say to his wife or family "I ain't accepting no hand-outs". He usually worked at least two jobs simultaneously, from a wide variety such as dishwasher, construction laborer, etc. When he had to he would gather his pool stick, much to Florida's disappointment, and sneak out and hustle up a few bucks as he struggled to provide for his family. Being a sitcom, however, the episodes were usually more uplifting and positive than they were depressing, as the Evans family stuck together and persevered.

Cast

Principal cast

• Esther Rolle – Florida Evans (Seasons 1–4, 6)
• John Amos – James Evans, Sr. (Seasons 1–3)
• Ja'net Dubois – Willona Woods
• Ralph Carter – Michael Evans
• Bern Nadette Stanis (credited as Bern Nadette in the early episodes) – Thelma Evans
• Jimmie Walker – James "J.J." Evans, Jr.
• Johnny Brown – Nathan Bookman (Seasons 5–6; recurring 2–4)
• Janet Jackson – Millicent "Penny" Gordon Woods (Seasons 5–6)
• Ben Powers – Keith Albert Anderson (Season 6)

Minor characters

• Ned the Wino (Raymond Allen) – The local drunk who frequented the neighborhood and the apartment building where the Evans family reside. In the first-season episode "Black Jesus", J.J. uses Ned the Wino as the model for a portrait of Jesus. Another episode was centered around Michael's plan to "clean up" Ned and get him off the booze by letting him stay at the Evans' house.

• Carl Dixon (Moses Gunn) – An atheist shop owner who marries the widowed Florida Evans following the final episode of Season 4. For awhile, Carl breaks off the engagement after he was diagnosed with cancer. After a pep talk from Bookman, Carl again asks Florida for her hand in matrimony. Carl and Florida do not appear in Season 5. Florida returns at the beginning of Season 6, without Carl, for Thelma's wedding. Carl is referenced briefly in the second episode of Season 6, but he is never mentioned again (Florida continues to use the surname Evans instead of Dixon).

• Marion "Sweet Daddy" Williams (Theodore Wilson) – A menacing neighborhood numbers runner and pimp, who has a reputation for wearing flashy clothing and jewelry. He is usually accompanied by bodyguards (one portrayed by the late Bubba Smith, the other by series painter Ernie Barnes) and comes across as cool and threatening, but has shown a soft heart on occasion, particularly when he decided not to take an antique locket (to settle a debt) that Florida had given to Thelma because it had reminded him of his late mother. Besides playing Sweet Daddy Williams, Wilson also played a club owner named Stanley in the Season 4 episode, The Comedian and the Loan Sharks.

• Alderman Fred C. Davis (Albert Reed, Jr.) – A local politician with a slightly shady disposition. Spoofing President Richard M. Nixon, he would state in a speech "I am not a crook." He always relied on the support of the Evans family (his "favorite project family") for reelection or support (and usually threatened them with some type of adverse action if they did not agree). He always had James' support; J.J. supported him when he became of age to vote; the rest of the family did not particularly like him (J.J. would later come to despise him like the rest of the family). During the first season, he addressed Willona as "and you too, Willona." In later seasons, he would forget her name entirely and called her something else that began with a "W" (such as Wilhemina, Winnifrieda, Winsomnium, Wyomia and even Waldorf-Astoria), thus earning him her everlasting ire as well as the nickname "Baldy".

• Lenny (Dap 'Sugar' Willie) – A neighborhood hustler and peddler who is always trying to sell items that are usually attached to the lining of his fur coat. He usually approaches people with a laid-back rap and a rhyme ("my name is Len-nay, if i ain't got it, there ain't an-nay", "hey there mama, my name is Len-nay, if you buy from me I can save you a pen-nay" or "don't go to J. C. Pen-nay, just come and see Sweet Len-nay"). He will sell anything from watches to bedpans (out of his coat). Usually the person he approaches will ignore him or tell him to go away. He usually responds by saying "that's cold" or uses a small brush to "brush off" the negativity.

• "Grandpa" Henry Evans (Richard Ward) – James' long lost father. He abandoned the family years before because he was ashamed that he could not do more to provide for them. This hurt James deeply, who disregarded his father's existence, telling everyone he was dead. Thelma learns about her grandfather while doing some family research. She meets him and invites him to the Evans' home to surprise James for his birthday, not knowing that James was well aware of his whereabouts but chose to stay out of his life. After Henry arrives at the Evans home and meets the rest of the family, he realizes that James would not welcome him in the home and decides to leave. Florida convinces him to stay and talk to James and explains that there may never be another chance to do so. Henry and James have a heart-to-heart talk, with Henry being remorseful and apologetic. James ultimately forgives his father. After James' death, the Evans family embraces Henry into the family, alongside his common law (and eventually legal) wife Lena in later episodes.

• Wanda (Helen Martin) – Another resident in the apartment building where the Evans reside. Earlier episodes show her at a women's support group, and the tenants rallying around her by giving her a rent party. Later episodes show her appearing and crying at several funerals, whether she knew the person or not, thus earning her the nickname "Weeping Wanda" from J.J. and Willona.

• Mrs. Lynnetta Gordon (Chip Fields) – Penny's abusive biological mother. Mrs. Gordon had been abandoned by Penny's father when she became pregnant. As a result, she took her anger and frustrations out on Penny, including burning her with a hot iron. After the abuse was finally brought to light, Mrs. Gordon abandoned Penny, despite Willona's pleas to her to try and seek help. Just before she disappeared, Mrs. Gordon expressed regret for hurting her child, telling Willona that Penny deserved better than her. She reappeared more than a year later, having remarried, and revealed that her new husband is from a very wealthy family. Mrs. Gordon uses her husband's wealth to send Penny anonymous gifts and, in an effort to regain custody of Penny, she also attempts to frame Willona as an unfit adoptive parent who throws wild parties with less than wholesome attendees. However, her vicious scheme is exposed by being recorded on tape admitting that the scheme was merely a set up to get Penny back. After trying to get the tape from Penny and threatening her again with being hit (which was stopped by Willona), Penny outright rejects her, telling Willona that no matter what anyone said, she would always consider Willona to be her real mother. Mrs. Gordon is devastated by this, agrees to drop the charges against Willona and leaves Penny with her, never to be seen again.

• Cleatus (Jack Baker) – Cousin of J.J. Evans, Thelma Evans Anderson, and Michael Evans and nephew of Florida Evans and James Evans. He made one appearance in the episode "Cousin Cleatus".

Notable guest stars

Louis Gossett, Jr. as Florida's brother, Wilbert.

• Matthew "Stymie" Beard – The former Our Gang child actor appeared in five episodes, including four appearances as James' friend Monty.
• Grand L. Bush – Appeared in a two-part storyline ("J.J.'s New Career"), playing the role of Leon, J.J.'s bully.
• Robert Guillaume – Appeared as Fishbone the wino in the episode "Requiem for a Wino".
• Jay Leno – Appeared in the third-season episode "J.J. in Trouble" which was one of the first times that the subject of STDs (then referred to as "VD") was addressed on a primetime television series.
• Louis Gossett, Jr. – Appeared in Season 2 as Donald Knight, Thelma's much-older paramour. Florida and James objected to their relationship because of the age difference. Gossett appeared in a later episode as Uncle Wilbur (Florida's brother), who came from Detroit to look in on the family while James was away.
• Alice Ghostley – Appeared in Season 5 as a social worker who was working on Penny being adopted by Willona.
• Philip Michael Thomas – Appeared in Season 1 as Eddie, Thelma's college-aged boyfriend (while she was in high school). When Florida stumbles across Eddie's thesis titled "Sexual Behavior in the Ghetto", it ultimately causes an uproar within the Evans' household when it is learned that the thesis belongs to Thelma, and not J.J. as originally thought.
• Gary Coleman – Appeared in two 1978 episodes as Gary, a sharp-tongued classmate of Penny's.
• Kim Fields – Appeared in two episodes as Penny's friend, Kim. Kim is the real-life daughter of Chip Fields, who played Mrs. Gordon (mentioned above).
• Carl Weathers – Husband of 'nude' model for J.J.'s painting.
• Calvin Lockhart – Appeared as Florida's cousin Raymond, who earned his riches by betting on horses.
• Debbie Allen – Appeared as J.J.'s drug-addicted fiancee, Diana.
• Hal Williams – Appeared as one of the movers in a 1st season episode, James' friend Willie Washington in a 2nd season episode, and Mr. Mitchell, the father of Earl Mitchell, who was an art student of J.J.'s.
• Charlotte Rae – Appeared as a hiring manager for a sales job that Florida stole from James.
• Roscoe Lee Browne – Appeared as a shady televangelist named "Reverend Sam, the Happiness Man". He befriended James in the military and nearly recruits him for his crusade, against Florida's wishes.
• Sorrell Booke – Appeared as Mr. Galbraith, J.J.'s boss at the ad agency.
• Rosalind Cash – portrayed Thelma's teacher, Jessica Bishop, who becomes romantically involved with a much younger J.J.
• Ron Glass – appeared as Michael's elementary school principal who met with James and Florida regarding busing Michael to another school. He also made an appearance as a blind encyclopedia salesman who tries to swindle the Evans family.
• Adam Wade – portrayed successful businessman Frank Mason, Willona's on-and-off boyfriend. During Season 3, he proposed marriage to Willona; she turned down his proposal, but continued to date him. (She had just adopted Penny and tending to her physical/emotional needs became her main priority.)
• Carl Franklin – played Larry, Thelma's fiance'. (James had originally objected their engagement, then relented.) Ultimately they break up when Larry is offered a job on the West Coast but Thelma isn't ready to accompany him.
• Debbi Morgan – appeared as a date of J.J.'s. Appeared in another episode as Ellen.
• Bebe Drake – appeared as Ms. Baker, the mother of Larry Baker, a boy who has problems hearing.

Initial success and ratings

The Evans family. From left, Michael, Thelma, J.J., Florida and James.

The program premiered in February 1974; high ratings led CBS to renew the program for the 1974–1975 season, as it was the seventeenth-highest-rated program that year. During its first full season on the air, 1974–1975, the show was the seventh-highest-rated program in the Nielsen ratings and a quarter of the American television-viewing public tuned in to an episode during any given week. Three of the top ten highest-rated programs on American TV that season centered around the lives of African-Americans: Sanford and Son, The Jeffersons, and Good Times.

Good Times's ratings declined over time, partly because of its many timeslot times. In its third season, the series was that season's twenty-fourth-highest-rated program. The ratings went down when the show had entered its final season, likely due to a Saturday night time slot:

• 1973–1974: #17 (14,166,800 households)^[1]
• 1974–1975: #7 (17,673,000 households)^[2]
• 1975–1976: #24 (14,616,000 households)^[3]
• 1976–1977: #26 (14,596,000 households)^[4]
• 1977–1978: #39
• 1978–1979: #45

Change in direction

Almost from the premiere episode, J.J., an aspiring artist, was the public's favorite character on the show and his frequently invoked catchphrase "Dy-no-mite" became very popular. As the series progressed through its second and third year Rolle and Amos, who played the Evans parents, grew increasingly disillusioned with the direction the show was taking as J.J.'s antics and stereotypically buffoonish behavior took precedence in the storylines. Rolle was rather vocal about disliking the character of J.J. in a 1975 interview with Ebony magazine.

"He's eighteen and he doesn't work. He can't read or write. He doesn't think. The show didn't start out to be that...Little by little—with the help of the artist, I suppose, because they couldn't do that to me—they have made J.J. more stupid and enlarged the role. Negative images have been slipped in on us through the character of the oldest child."^[5]

Although doing so less publicly, Amos also was outspoken about his dissatisfaction with J.J.'s character. The ill feelings came to a head when it came time to negotiate Amos' contract in the summer of 1976, and he was dismissed from the series.

"The writers would prefer to put a chicken hat on J.J. and have him prance around saying "DY-NO-MITE", and that way they could waste a few minutes and not have to write meaningful dialogue."^[6][7]

Departure of John Amos and Esther Rolle

Husband-and-wife team Austin and Irma Kalish were hired to oversee the day-to-day running of the show, replacing Allan Manings, who had become executive producer when he was also working on another Lear sitcom, One Day at a Time. The Kalishes and Manings, as script supervisors, threw ideas to writers Roger Shulman, John Baskin, and Bob Peete, and eventually penned an exit for Amos's character.

At the beginning of the 1976–1977 season in the episode "The Big Move", the family was packing to move from the ghetto to a better life in Mississippi where James had found a job as a partner in a garage. At the end of the first episode that season, Florida learned via a telegram (which, at first, she thought was to congratulate her on her move) that James was killed in a car accident. It was the following episode in which, after spending most of the episode refusing to acknowledge and fully mourn James' death, she smashed a glass bowl on the floor and uttered her famous line: "Damn, damn, DAMN!". The show continued without a father, which was something Rolle did not want to pursue. One of the primary appeals of the project for her had been the presentation it initially offered of the strong black father leading his family. However, she stayed on hoping that the loss of the father's character would necessitate a shift in J.J.'s character, as J.J. would now become the man of the family. The writers did not take this approach; if anything, J.J.'s foolishness increased. Wanting no further part in such depictions, by the summer of 1977, Rolle left the series. She was written out as marrying and moving to Arizona with her new love interest, Carl Dixon (Moses Gunn).

Despite this, Good Times still performed well in the Nielsen ratings, ranking at number 26 for the 1976-77 season, making its fourth year breaking the top 30 rated programs.

Final seasons

With Amos and Rolle gone, Ja'net Du Bois took over as the star, as Willona checked in on the Evans children as they were now living alone. New characters were added or had their roles expanded: Johnny Brown as the overweight building superintendent Nathan Bookman, formerly a recurring character, became a regular; Ben Powers as Thelma's husband Keith Anderson; and Janet Jackson as Penny Gordon Woods, an abused girl adopted by Willona. Many viewers defected from the series, and the fifth season ranked only at number 39.

For the sixth and final season, Esther Rolle agreed to return to the show. There were several conditions, one was that the Carl Dixon character be written out as if he had never existed. Rolle disliked the storyline surrounding the Carl Dixon character, as she believed Florida would not have moved on so quickly after James' death. Rolle also thought the writers had disregarded Florida's devout Christian beliefs having her fall for and marry Carl, who was an atheist. Other conditions of her return were that she would have a greater say in the storyline, J.J. would become a more respectable character, and that she would receive a raise in her salary.

Despite Rolle's return, viewers did not. CBS moved the series to Saturday nights in the fall of 1978, furthering the decline in ratings. Production ended in early 1979 after the final season ranked only 45th in the ratings.

The last original episode of Good Times aired in August 1979. In a finale atypical of the series in general, each character finally had a "happy ending." J.J. got his big break as an artist for a comic book company, after years of the audience waiting for such a development; his newly created character, DynoWoman, was based on Thelma. Michael attended college and moved into an on-campus dorm. Keith's bad knee miraculously healed, leading to the Chicago Bears offering him a contract to play football. Keith and (a newly pregnant) Thelma moved to a luxury apartment in Chicago's upscale Gold Coast area and offered Florida the chance to move in with them (and her future grandchild). Willona became the head buyer of the boutique she worked in; she and Penny moved into the same luxury building and, once again, became Florida's downstairs neighbors.

Episodes

Main article: List of Good Times episodes

Theme song and opening

The gospel-inspired theme song was composed by Dave Grusin with lyrics written by Alan & Marilyn Bergman. It was sung by Jim Gilstrap and Blinky Williams.

The lyrics to the theme song are notorious for being hard to discern, notably the line "Hanging in a chow line"/"Hanging in and jiving" (depending on the source used). Dave Chappelle used this part of the lyrics as a quiz in his "I Know Black People" skit on Chappelle's Show in which the former was claimed as the answer.^[8] The insert for the Season One DVD box set has the lyric as "hangin' in a chow line". However, the Bergmans confirmed that the lyric is actually "hanging in and jiving."^[8]

Initial seasons featured the theme song played over stark visuals of an economically depressed Chicago neighborhood (in similar fashion to most of Norman Lear's other sitcoms of the time, which also depicted the characters' neighborhoods, using real footage of the cities in which they were set), before zooming in on a window of a housing project and then cutting to an oil painting of an African American family (presumably intended to represent one of J.J. Evans' paintings, as the character was depicted as a budding artist). Later seasons used the same theme song recording, but showed clips from various episodes, as the actors were credited.

Awards and nominations

Year	Award	Result	Category	Recipient
1975	Golden Globe Award	Nominated	Best TV Actress - Musical/Comedy	Esther Rolle
			Best Supporting Actor - Television	Jimmie Walker
1976		Nominated	Best Supporting Actor - Television	Jimmie Walker
1975	Humanitas Prize	Nominated	30 Minute Category	John Baskin and Roger Shulman (For episode "The Lunch Money Ripoff")
			30 Minute Category	Bob Peete (For episode "My Girl Henrietta")
2003	TV Land Award	Nominated	Catchiest Classic TV Catch Phrase (Dy-no-mite!)	-
2005		Nominated	Favorite Catch Phrase	-
2006		Won	Impact Award	John Amos, Ralph Carter, Ja'net DuBois, Esther Rolle (posthumously), BernNadette Stanis, and Jimmie Walker

Syndication

The cable network TV One and the direct broadcast satellite service DirecTV currently air the show.

The sitcom has also aired regularly on TV Land. It first aired as a 48-hour marathon the weekend of July 23, 2005, with two more marathons following on the weekends of November 26, 2005, and May 6, 2006. However, TV Land airs the version of episodes that were edited for syndication, while TV One airs the original edits, as they were shown on during its CBS primetime run, albeit digitally remastered.

In early 2007, Good Times was pulled from the TV Land lineup along with several other shows (most notably Happy Days) to make room for new programming. However, the show has now returned to the TV Land lineup, airing weekday mornings 11:00 AM to 12:00 PM EST.

Good Times is also seen in Canada on DejaView, a specialty cable channel from Canwest. A selection of full episodes of the show is available to Canadians for free on GlobalTV.com

Minisodes of the show are available for free on Crackle.

Good Times began airing on Antenna TV in January 2011. "Good Times" is currently being aired on the cable network TVONE in October 2011.

DVD releases

Sony Pictures Home Entertainment released the entire series on DVD in Region 1 between February 2003 and August 2006, with a complete box set following the separate seasons on October 28, 2008. Season 1 was released on DVD in Region 4 on December 27, 2006.

DVD Name	Ep #	Release Date
The Complete First Season	13	February 4, 2003
The Complete Second Season	24	February 3, 2004
The Complete Third Season	24	August 10, 2004
The Complete Fourth Season	23	February 15, 2005
The Complete Fifth Season	24	August 23, 2005
The Complete Sixth Season	24	August 1, 2006
The Complete Series	133	October 28, 2008

References

1. ^ "TV Ratings > 1970's". ClassicTVHits.com. http://classictvhits.com/tvratings/1973.htm. Retrieved 2011-10-28. 
2. ^ "TV Ratings > 1970's". ClassicTVHits.com. http://classictvhits.com/tvratings/1974.htm. Retrieved 2011-10-28. 
3. ^ "TV Ratings > 1970's". ClassicTVHits.com. http://classictvhits.com/tvratings/1975.htm. Retrieved 2011-10-28. 
4. ^ "TV Ratings > 1970's". ClassicTVHits.com. http://classictvhits.com/tvratings/1976.htm. Retrieved 2011-10-28. 
5. ^ "Bad Times on the Good Times Set", Ebony, September 1975
6. ^ Mitchell, John L. (2006-04-14). "Plotting His Next Big Break". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 2006-05-24. http://web.archive.org/web/20060524015401/http://www.latimes.com/news/printedition/front/la-me-monte14apr14,1,549871.story?coll=la-headlines-frontpage. Retrieved 2006-07-25. 
7. ^ Ingram, Billy. "Good Times?". tvparty.com. http://www.tvparty.com/70good2.html. Retrieved 2008-01-19. 
8. ^ ^{a b} "Backstage with... Alan and Marilyn Bergman". Time Out New York. 2007-02-01. http://www.timeout.com/newyork/article/2662/backstage-with-alan-and-marilyn-bergman. Retrieved 2007-07-31. 

External links

• Good Times at the Internet Movie Database
• Good Times at TV.com
• Good Times at TVLand.com