- Operation Sail
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Operation Sail refers to a series of sailing events held to celebrate special occasions and features sailing vessels from around the world. Each event is coordinated by Operation Sail, Inc., a non-profit organization established in 1961 by President John F. Kennedy and must be approved by the United States Congress. Often referred to as OpSail or Op Sail, the event has the goals of promoting good will and cooperation between countries while providing sail training and celebrating maritime history. It is also sometimes erroneously referred to as "Tall Ships". While the tall ships form the centerpiece of the event, smaller sailing vessels also participate. Op Sail events, when scheduled, are run concurrently with the annual International Naval Review, which features present-day warships from various navies. Five Op Sail events have been held to date, in 1964, 1976, 1986, 1992 and 2000. The event culminates in the Parade of Ships on the Hudson River and in New York harbor on July 4, Independence Day. The United States Coast Guard cutter Eagle has been the host vessel to all five Op Sail events.
Along with Nils Hansell, Frank Braynard launched the world's first Operation Sail, an extravanganza in which tall ships and naval vessels filled New York harbor, in 1964.
Contents
World's Fair Parade of Ships (1964)
The inaugural Opsail was a tie-in with the 1964 New York World's Fair. Operation sail 1964: Four years in the making, Operation Sail is an international effort to promote goodwill and to generate awareness of ships and shipping. It is a dream come true for sailing enthusiasts, and a once in a lifetime opportunity for anyone who is stirred by the sight of a square rigger under full sail.
Many nations maintain sailing ships in this machine age because they believe there is no better way to build character in young men than sail training. It encourages initiative, steadfastness, leadership and personal courage .... the records of the brotherhood of the sea sparkle with innumerable examples of the value of such training. The prestige of having served aboard a windjammer is no small matter.
To reach New York for the July 14 parade up the Hudson River, some of these tall ships will have sailed from their home ports as long ago as early March. Some will have raced from Plymouth, England, to Lisbon, Portugal, then 3000 miles across the Atlantic to Bermuda rendezvous, and a 630 mile northwest run, in company, to New York.
These ships are specifically built for training under sail. As these tall ships plough the oceans, the men who man this great fleet are helping to forge a bond of understanding and mutual respect around the world. As you visit the ships and talk with their officers, crews, and trainees, consider the thirteen participating nations, the thousands of people involved in such a gathering, the countless man hours spent in preparations which have resulted in this great spectacle OPERATION SAIL.
- July 12: Ships anchor in designated order in Gravesend Bay.
- July 13: 1430- Captains briefing aboard U.S.C.G. 1730-2000: Reception at Chase Manhattan Bank.
- July 14: 1100- Ships will depart Gravesend Bay and pass official reviewing vessel, U.S.S. Randolph, and then proceed to anchorages below the George Washington Bridge.
- July 15: Ships move to assigned piers. 1400- Lifeboat races at U.S. Merchant Marine Academy, Kings Point. 1800- Commandant U.S.C.G. reception.
- July 16: 1200- Ticker tape parade from Battery Park to City Hall. 1400-1800- Ships open to Public.2000-0100- Grand Ball, Holland America Line Pier 40, and seamen's Church Institute.
- July 17: 0900- Captains Symposium, Maritime Exchange. 1000-1800- Ships open to public. 1215- American Institute of Marine Underwriter's luncheon for Captains at India House.
- July 18: World's Fair Day, Singer Bowl. Public invited. 1000-1800 Ships open to Public.
- July 19: Divine Services Ships Depart.
(Taken from Operation sail guide book 1964.)
Bicentennial Program (1976)
Celebration of the United States Bicentennial, the 200th anniversary of the adoption of the United States Declaration of Independence. Of the relatively few tall ships that were in service around the world at the time, 16 sailed to New York to participate in the Parade of Ships. Each of the ships flew a banner featuring the tricolor star insignia of the Bicentennial.
Participants in the 1976 Parade of Ships Amerigo Vespucci (Italy)
Barba Negra (Norway)
Christian Radich (Norway)
Danmark (Denmark)
Dar Pomorza (Poland)
Eagle (USA)
Esmeralda (Chile)Gloria (Colombia)
Gorch Fock (Germany)
Juan Sebastián de Elcano (Spain)
Kruzenshtern (Soviet Union)
Libertad (Argentina)
Mircea (Romania)
Nippon Maru (Japan)Regina Maris (USA)
Sagres II (Portugal)
Sebbe Als (Denmark)
T/S Te Vega (Panama)
Tovarishch (Soviet Union)Salute to the Statue of Liberty (1986)
Celebrating the Statue of Liberty centennial
Participants in the 1986 Parade of Ships USCGC Eagle (USA)
Ernestina (USA)
Danmark (Denmark)
Christian Radich (Norway)
Libertad (Argentina)
Zenobe Gramme (Belgium)
Bluenose II (Canada)
Esmeralda (Chile)
Gloria (Colombia)Guayas (Ecuador)
Belem (France)
Dewaruci (Indonesia)
Galaxy (Israel)
Amerigo Vespucci (Italy)
Cuauhtémoc (Mexico)
Sørlandet (Norway)
Shabab Oman (Oman)Sagres II (Portugal)
Juan Sebastián de Elcano (Spain)
Svanen of Stockholm (Sweden)
Calida (Scotland)
Capitan Miranda (Uruguay)
Simon Bolivar (Venezuela)
Elissa (USA)
Gazela of Philadelphia (USA)Columbus Quincentennial (1992)
Celebrating the 500th anniversary of Christopher Columbus' landing in America.
Summer Millennium Celebration (2000)
This ran from May 25 through July 31 with the traditional Parade of Ships in New York on July 4. Ports of call included San Juan, Puerto Rico; Miami, Florida; Norfolk, Virginia; Baltimore, Maryland; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; New York City; New London, Connecticut; and Portland, Maine.
Participants in the 2000 Parade of Ships USCGC Eagle (USA)
Amerigo Vespucci (ship) (Italy)
Danmark (Denmark)
Spirit of Massachusetts (USA)
Harvey Gamage (USA)
Esmeralda (Chile)
Libertad (Argentina)
Capitan Miranda (Uruguay)
Guayas (Ecuador)Bak'tivshchyna (Ukraine)
Gloria (Colombia)
Gorch Fock (Germany)
Edna E. Lockwood (USA)
Clipper City (USA)
Californian (USA)
Ernestina (USA)
Pride of Baltimore II (USA)HMS Rose (USA)
Maryland Dove (USA)
Simon Bolivar (Venezuela)
Oosterschelde (Netherlands)
Bowdoin
Cisne Branco (Brazil)
Soren Larsen (New Zealand)
Dewaruci (Indonesia)War of 1812 and "The Star-Spangled Banner" Bicentennial (2012)
Set to run in the summer of 2012 to commemorate the bicentennial of both the War of 1812 and the writing of "The Star-Spangled Banner," the parade will have ports of call in New Orleans, Louisiana; Norfolk, Virginia; Baltimore, Maryland; New York City, New York; Boston, Massachusetts; and New London, Connecticut.
References
- "Tall Ships (Hyla M. Clark, 1976 ISBN 0-8467-0236-3)
External links
- Arrival in Brooklyn - Peter Andrews' Op Sail 92 page
- Operation Sail, Inc. homepage
Images
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Amerigo Vespucci (Italy) in New York Harbor during Op Sail 1976.
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USCGC Eagle, moored in San Juan harbor, the first stop of OpSail 2000.
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USCGC Eagle leads the parade of ships through the New York Harbor haze on July 4, 2000.
Categories:- Sailing races
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