Lycoming TIO-541

TIO-541
Type	Piston aero-engine
Manufacturer	Lycoming Engines
First run	1963
Major applications	Beechcraft Duke Beechcraft Baron

The Lycoming TIO-541 engine is a turbocharged, fuel injected, horizontally opposed, six-cylinder aircraft engine featuring three cylinders per side, manufactured by Lycoming Engines.^[1][2]

The TIO-541 family of engines includes the TIGO-541 turbocharged, fuel injected, geared, horizontally opposed engine.^[2]

There is no carburetted, non-turbocharged version of the engine, which would have been designated O-541 and therefore the base model is the TIO-541.^[1]

Design and development

The TIO-541 family of engines covers a range from 310 hp (231 kW) to 450 hp (336 kW). The engine has a fuel injection system which meters fuel in proportion to the induction airflow. The engine has a displacement of 541.5 cubic inches (8.87 litres) and produces a maximum of 450 hp (336 kW) in its TIGO-541 version. The cylinders have air-cooled heads.^[1][2]

The first TIO-541-A1A was type certified on 23 February 1965 on the regulatory basis of CAR 13 effective 15 June 1956 as amended to 13-1 through 13-4.^[1]

Variants

TIO-541-A1A

Six-cylinder, turbocharged, fuel injected, 310 hp (231 kW) engine, dry weight 449 lb (204 kg), AiResearch T-1823 turbosupercharger, certified 23 February 1965. Has top induction, down exhaust and side mounted accessory drives. Provisions for a single acting, controllable pitch propeller and internal piston cooling oil jets.^[1]

TIO-541-E1A4

Six-cylinder, turbocharged, fuel injected, 380 hp (283 kW) engine, dry weight 595 lb (270 kg), AiResearch T-1823 turbosupercharger, certified 16 December 1966. Similar to the -A1A but with higher horsepower rating, different cylinder heads, cam shaft, crankshaft and extra counterweights. Incorporates cabin pressurization venturi.^[1]

TIO-541-E1B4

Six-cylinder, turbocharged, fuel injected, 380 hp (283 kW) engine, dry weight 595 lb (270 kg), AiResearch T-1823 turbosupercharger, certified 16 December 1966. Similar to the -E1A4 but without the cabin pressurization venturi.^[1]

TIO-541-E1C4

Six-cylinder, turbocharged, fuel injected, 380 hp (283 kW) engine, dry weight 586 lb (266 kg), AiResearch T-1879 turbosupercharger, certified 21 October 1969. Similar to the -E1A4 but with a different turbosupercharger with cast bracket, cast transition and a separate wastegate.^[1]

TIO-541-E1D4

Six-cylinder, turbocharged, fuel injected, 380 hp (283 kW) engine, dry weight 584 lb (265 kg), AiResearch T-1879 turbosupercharger, certified 21 October 1969. Similar to the -E1B4 but with a different turbosupercharger with cast bracket, cast transition and a separate wastegate.^[1]

TIGO-541-B1A

Six-cylinder, turbocharged, fuel injected, geared, 450 hp (336 kW) engine, dry weight 663 lb (301 kg), AiResearch T-1879 turbosupercharger, certified 12 February 1970. Similar to the -C1A but with a higher power rating and without provisions for cabin bleed air.^[2]

TIGO-541-C1A

Six-cylinder, turbocharged, fuel injected, geared, 400 hp (298 kW) engine, dry weight 703 lb (319 kg), AiResearch T-1879 turbosupercharger, certified 19 November 1968. Has internal piston cooling oil jets, side mounted accessory drives and a single oil supply from the propeller governor. Provisions for a reverse pitch propeller control.^[2]

TIGO-541-D1A

Six-cylinder, turbocharged, fuel injected, geared, 450 hp (336 kW) engine, dry weight 706 lb (320 kg), AiResearch T-18A21 turbosupercharger, certified 26 June 1969. Similar to the -C1A but with a higher power rating and a different turbocharger with provisions for cabin bleed air.^[2]

TIGO-541-D1B

Six-cylinder, turbocharged, fuel injected, geared, 450 hp (336 kW) engine, dry weight 710 lb (322 kg), AiResearch T-18A51 turbosupercharger, certified 3 December 1976. Similar to the -D1A but with an integral wastegate turbocharger and a revised exhaust system and with low drag cylinders.^[2]

TIGO-541-E1A

Six-cylinder, turbocharged, fuel injected, geared, 425 hp (317 kW) engine, dry weight 706 lb (320 kg), AiResearch T-18A21 turbosupercharger, certified 26 June 1969. Similar to the -D1A but with a lower power rating, different turbocharger spring rate and a variable absolute pressure controller.^[2]

TIGO-541-G1AD

Six-cylinder, turbocharged, fuel injected, geared, 450 hp (336 kW) engine, dry weight 714 lb (324 kg), AiResearch T-18A21 turbosupercharger, certified 1 May 1975. Similar to the -D1A but it includes an intercooler, a dual magneto and a fuel injector with fuel head enrichment.^[2]

Applications

TIO-541

• Beechcraft Baron
• Beechcraft Duke
• Mooney Mustang
• Moynet 360-6 Jupiter

TIGO-541

• Piper PA-31P-425 Navajo

Specifications (TIO-541-A1A)

Data from TYPE CERTIFICATE DATA SHEET NO. E10EA^[1]

General characteristics

• Type: Six-cylinder, air-cooled, horizontally opposed, direct drive, fuel injected, turbosupercharged aircraft engine
• Bore: 5.125 in (130 mm)
• Stroke: 4.375 (111 mm)
• Displacement: 541.5 in³ (8.87 litres)
• Dry weight: 449 lb (249 kg) dry

Components

• Turbocharger: AiResearch turbosupercharger model T-1823
• Fuel system: Bendix RSA 10AD1
• Fuel type: 100LL avgas
• Cooling system: air-cooled

Performance

• Power output: 310 hp (233 kW) at 2575 rpm
• Specific power: 0.57 hp/in³ (26.7 kW/L)
• Compression ratio: 7.30:1
• Power-to-weight ratio: 0.69 hp/lb (0.94 kW/kg)

See also

• List of aircraft engines

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j} Federal Aviation Administration (April 1986). "TYPE CERTIFICATE DATA SHEET NO. E10EA, Revision 7". http://www.airweb.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/A584A5C24AB8B5438525670E0056C9B8?OpenDocument&Highlight=541. Retrieved 2009-01-13. 
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i} Federal Aviation Administration (April 1986). "TYPE CERTIFICATE DATA SHEET NO. E19EA, Revision 4". http://www.airweb.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/74E5837A82A0F00B8525670E0056E19F?OpenDocument&Highlight=541. Retrieved 2009-01-13.