Maximum break

Maximum break

The maximum break in snooker under normal circumstances is 147. This is often known as a maximum, a 147, or orally a one-four-seven. The 147 is amassed by potting all 15 reds with 15 blacks for 120 points, then all six colours for a further 27 points. The maximum break has been achieved 78 times in professional competition. Ronnie O'Sullivan has compiled 11 official maximum breaks, the most ever by any professional player.[1] Scores above 147 are possible in the case of free ball due to fouling by the opponent.

In six-red snooker, the maximum break is 75 points (83 with free ball), as there are fewer reds and thus fewer black-scoring opportunities. In snooker plus, the maximum is 210 (221 with free ball) due to the additional, high point-value colours.

Contents

Prizes

In professional tournaments, there was usually a substantial prize awarded to any player achieving a 147 break until 2010, typically an amount contained "147", e.g. £147, £1,470, £14,700 or £147,000 depending on the prestige of the tournament. As an extreme case, Ronnie O'Sullivan's 1997 maximum earned him £165,000 (£147,000 of this was for making the 147 break and another £18,000 was for achieving the highest break of the tournament). This was however abolished in the 2010/2011 season. For the 2011/2012 season World Snooker has introduced a roll-over system for the maximum break prize money. A maximum break is worth £5000 televised matches of final stage of every ranking events and £500 in Players Tour Championship events and non-televised matches in ranking events. If a maximum isn't made, than the prize will roll-over to the next event until somebody wins it.[2] In six-red snooker only the fastest maximum earns prize money.

List of official maximum breaks

A total of 78 official maximum breaks have been achieved in professional competition.[3][4] During the history of professional snooker many criteria were used to determine what an official maximum break is. Currently an official maximum break has to be made in an event sanctioned by the World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association on templated tables, with the attendance of a referee.[5]

Table Legend
Televised
(Q) Qualifying rounds
Date Player Opponent Event Video
1 01982-01-11 11 January 1982 England Davis, SteveSteve Davis England Spencer, JohnJohn Spencer Classic [1]
2 01983-04-23 23 April 1983 Canada Thorburn, CliffCliff Thorburn Wales Griffiths, TerryTerry Griffiths World Championship [2]
3 01984-01-28 28 January 1984 Canada Stevens, KirkKirk Stevens England White, JimmyJimmy White Masters [3]
4 01987-11-17 17 November 1987 England Thorne, WillieWillie Thorne Northern Ireland Murphy, TommyTommy Murphy UK Championship
5 01988-02-20 20 February 1988 England Meo, TonyTony Meo Scotland Hendry, StephenStephen Hendry Matchroom League
6 01988-09-24 24 September 1988 Canada Robidoux, AlainAlain Robidoux England Meadowcroft, JimJim Meadowcroft European Open (Q)
7 01989-02-18 18 February 1989 Scotland Rea, JohnJohn Rea Scotland Black, IanIan Black Scottish Professional Championship
8 01989-03-08 8 March 1989 Canada Thorburn, CliffCliff Thorburn England White, JimmyJimmy White Matchroom League
9 01991-01-16 16 January 1991 Thailand Wattana, JamesJames Wattana Wales Dawkins, PaulPaul Dawkins World Masters
10 01991-06 June 1991 England Ebdon, PeterPeter Ebdon England Martin, WayneWayne Martin Strachan Open
11 01992-02 February 1992 Thailand Wattana, JamesJames Wattana Malta Drago, TonyTony Drago British Open [4]
12 01992-04-22 22 April 1992 England White, JimmyJimmy White Malta Drago, TonyTony Drago World Championship [5]
13 01992-05-09 9 May 1992 England Parrott, JohnJohn Parrott England Meo, TonyTony Meo Matchroom League
14 01992-05-24 24 May 1992 Scotland Hendry, StephenStephen Hendry England Thorne, WillieWillie Thorne Matchroom League
15 01992-11 November 1992 England Ebdon, PeterPeter Ebdon Republic of Ireland Doherty, KenKen Doherty UK Championship
16 01994-09 September 1994 England McDonnell, DavidDavid McDonnell England Barrow, NicNic Barrow British Open (Q)
17 01995-04-27 27 April 1995 Scotland Hendry, StephenStephen Hendry England White, JimmyJimmy White World Championship [6]
18 01995-11-25 25 November 1995 Scotland Hendry, StephenStephen Hendry England Wilkinson, GaryGary Wilkinson UK Championship [7]
19 01997-01-05 5 January 1997 Scotland Hendry, StephenStephen Hendry England O'Sullivan, RonnieRonnie O'Sullivan Charity Challenge [8]
20 01997-04-21 21 April 1997 England O'Sullivan, RonnieRonnie O'Sullivan England Price, MickMick Price World Championship [9]
21 01997-09 September 1997 Thailand Wattana, JamesJames Wattana China Pang Wei Guo China International
22 01998-05-16 16 May 1998 Scotland Hendry, StephenStephen Hendry Republic of Ireland Doherty, KenKen Doherty Premier League [10]
23 01998-08-10 10 August 1998 England Gunnell, AdrianAdrian Gunnell Netherlands Wehrmann, MarioMario Wehrmann Thailand Masters (Q)
24 01998-08-13 13 August 1998 Cyprus Husnu, MehmetMehmet Husnu England Barker, EddieEddie Barker China International (Q)
25 01999-01-13 13 January 1999 Northern Ireland Prince, JasonJason Prince England Brumby, IanIan Brumby British Open (Q)
26 01999-01-29 29 January 1999 England O'Sullivan, RonnieRonnie O'Sullivan Thailand Wattana, JamesJames Wattana Welsh Open [11]
27 01999-02-04 4 February 1999 England Bingham, StuartStuart Bingham England Hawkins, BarryBarry Hawkins UK Tour – Event 3
28 01999-03-22 22 March 1999 England Dyson, NickNick Dyson England Gunnell, AdrianAdrian Gunnell UK Tour – Event 4
29 01999-04-06 6 April 1999 Scotland Dott, GraemeGraeme Dott England Roe, DavidDavid Roe British Open
30 01999-09-19 19 September 1999 Scotland Hendry, StephenStephen Hendry England Ebdon, PeterPeter Ebdon British Open [12]
31 01999-09-21 21 September 1999 England Pinches, BarryBarry Pinches England Joe Johnson Welsh Open (Q)
32 01999-10-13 13 October 1999 England O'Sullivan, RonnieRonnie O'Sullivan Scotland Dott, GraemeGraeme Dott Grand Prix [13]
33 01999-11-04 4 November 1999 England Burrows, KarlKarl Burrows England Rosa, AdrianAdrian Rosa Benson & Hedges Championship
34 01999-11-22 22 November 1999 Scotland Hendry, StephenStephen Hendry England Wykes, PaulPaul Wykes UK Championship [14]
35 02000-01-21 21 January 2000 Scotland Higgins, JohnJohn Higgins Northern Ireland Taylor, DennisDennis Taylor Nations Cup [15]
36 02000-03-24 24 March 2000 Scotland Higgins, JohnJohn Higgins England White, JimmyJimmy White Irish Masters [16]
37 02000-03-24 24 March 2000 Scotland Maguire, StephenStephen Maguire Thailand Phonbun, PhaitoonPhaitoon Phonbun Scottish Open (Q)
38 02000-04-05 5 April 2000 England O'Sullivan, RonnieRonnie O'Sullivan Australia Hann, QuintenQuinten Hann Scottish Open [17]
39 02000-10-25 25 October 2000 Hong Kong Fu, MarcoMarco Fu Republic of Ireland Doherty, KenKen Doherty Scottish Masters
40 02000-11-07 7 November 2000 Scotland McLellan, DavidDavid McLellan England Meakin, SteveSteve Meakin Benson & Hedges Championship
41 02000-11-19 19 November 2000 England Dyson, NickNick Dyson England Milkins, RobertRobert Milkins UK Championship
42 02001-02-25 25 February 2001 Scotland Hendry, StephenStephen Hendry Wales Williams, MarkMark Williams Malta Grand Prix
43 02001-10-17 17 October 2001 England O'Sullivan, RonnieRonnie O'Sullivan Scotland Henry, DrewDrew Henry LG Cup [18]
44 02001-11-12 12 November 2001 England Murphy, ShaunShaun Murphy England Rosa, AdrianAdrian Rosa Benson & Hedges Championship
45 02002-10-28 28 October 2002 Malta Drago, TonyTony Drago England Bingham, StuartStuart Bingham Benson & Hedges Championship
46 02003-04-22 22 April 2003 England O'Sullivan, RonnieRonnie O'Sullivan Hong Kong Fu, MarcoMarco Fu World Championship [19]
47 02003-10-12 12 October 2003 Scotland Higgins, JohnJohn Higgins Wales Williams, MarkMark Williams LG Cup [20]
48 02003-11-12 12 November 2003 Scotland Higgins, JohnJohn Higgins Republic of Ireland Judge, MichaelMichael Judge British Open [21]
49 02004-10-04 4 October 2004 Scotland Higgins, JohnJohn Higgins England Walden, RickyRicky Walden Grand Prix [22]
50 02004-11-17 17 November 2004 England David Gray England Selby, MarkMark Selby UK Championship
51 02005-04-20 20 April 2005 Wales Williams, MarkMark Williams England Milkins, RobertRobert Milkins World Championship [23]
52 02005-11-22 22 November 2005 England Bingham, StuartStuart Bingham Scotland Campbell, MarcusMarcus Campbell Masters Qualifying Event
53 02006-03-14 14 March 2006 England Milkins, RobertRobert Milkins England Selby, MarkMark Selby World Championship (Q)
54 02006-10-23 23 October 2006 England Cope, JamieJamie Cope England Holt, MichaelMichael Holt Grand Prix
55 02007-01-14 14 January 2007 China Ding Junhui England Hamilton, AnthonyAnthony Hamilton Masters [24][25]
56 02007-02-16 16 February 2007 England Higginson, AndrewAndrew Higginson England Carter, AliAli Carter Welsh Open [26][27]
57 02007-09-19 19 September 2007 Scotland Burnett, JamieJamie Burnett China Liu Song Grand Prix (Q)
58 02007-10-14 14 October 2007 England Ford, TomTom Ford England Davis, SteveSteve Davis Grand Prix
59 02007-11-08 8 November 2007 England O'Sullivan, RonnieRonnie O'Sullivan England Carter, AliAli Carter Northern Ireland Trophy [28]
60 02007-12-15 15 December 2007 England O'Sullivan, RonnieRonnie O'Sullivan England Selby, MarkMark Selby UK Championship [29]
61 02008-03-29 29 March 2008 Scotland Maguire, StephenStephen Maguire Wales Day, RyanRyan Day China Open [30][31]
62 02008-04-28 28 April 2008 England O'Sullivan, RonnieRonnie O'Sullivan Wales Williams, MarkMark Williams World Championship [32]
63 02008-04-29 29 April 2008 England Carter, AliAli Carter England Ebdon, PeterPeter Ebdon World Championship [33][34]
64 02008-10-02 2 October 2008 England Cope, JamieJamie Cope Wales Williams, MarkMark Williams Shanghai Masters [35]
65 02008-10-29 29 October 2008 China Liang Wenbo England Gould, MartinMartin Gould Bahrain Championship (Q)
66 02008-11-08 8 November 2008 Scotland Campbell, MarcusMarcus Campbell Oman Al-Khusaibi, Ahmed BasheerAhmed Basheer Al-Khusaibi Bahrain Championship
67 02008-12-16 16 December 2008 China Ding Junhui Scotland Higgins, JohnJohn Higgins UK Championship [36][37]
68 02009-04-28 28 April 2009 Scotland Hendry, StephenStephen Hendry England Murphy, ShaunShaun Murphy World Championship [38]
69 02009-06-05 5 June 2009 England Selby, MarkMark Selby England Perry, JoeJoe Perry Jiangsu Classic
70 02010-04-01 1 April 2010 Australia Robertson, NeilNeil Robertson England Ebdon, PeterPeter Ebdon China Open [39] [40] [41]
71 02010-06-25 25 June 2010 Norway Maflin, KurtKurt Maflin Poland Zielinski, MichalMichal Zielinski Players Tour Championship – Event 1
72 02010-08-06 6 August 2010 England Hawkins, BarryBarry Hawkins England McGouran, JamesJames McGouran Players Tour Championship – Event 3
73 02010-09-20 20 September 2010 England O'Sullivan, RonnieRonnie O'Sullivan England King, MarkMark King World Open (Q) [42]
74 02010-10-22 22 October 2010 Thailand Thirapongpaiboon, ThanawatThanawat Thirapongpaiboon England Hawkins, BarryBarry Hawkins Rhein–Main Masters
75 02010-10-23 23 October 2010 Wales Williams, MarkMark Williams Germany Schuler, DianaDiana Schuler Rhein–Main Masters [43]
76 02010-11-19 19 November 2010 England McLeod, RoryRory McLeod Thailand Kachaiwong, IssaraIssara Kachaiwong Prague Classic
77 02011-02-17 17 February 2011 Scotland Hendry, StephenStephen Hendry Scotland Maguire, StephenStephen Maguire Welsh Open [44]
78 02011-08-26 26 August 2011 England O'Sullivan, RonnieRonnie O'Sullivan England Duffy, AdamAdam Duffy Paul Hunter Classic [45]

Statistics

Players with multiple maximum breaks

Player Number Most recent 147
1 England O'Sullivan, RonnieRonnie O'Sullivan 11 2011
2 Scotland Hendry, StephenStephen Hendry 10 2011
3 Scotland Higgins, JohnJohn Higgins 5 2004
4 Thailand Wattana, JamesJames Wattana 3 1997
5= Canada Thorburn, CliffCliff Thorburn 2 1989
5= England Ebdon, PeterPeter Ebdon 2 1992
5= England Dyson, NickNick Dyson 2 2000
5= England Bingham, StuartStuart Bingham 2 2005
5= Scotland Maguire, StephenStephen Maguire 2 2008
5= England Cope, JamieJamie Cope 2 2008
5= China Ding Junhui 2 2008
5= Wales Williams, MarkMark Williams 2 2010

Maximum breaks by country

Country Players Total 147s
1  England 23 37
2  Scotland 8 22
3  Thailand 2 4
4  Canada 3 4
5  China 2 3
6  Wales 1 2
7=  Australia 1 1
7=  Northern Ireland 1 1
7=  Hong Kong 1 1
7=  Malta 1 1
7=  Cyprus 1 1
7=  Norway 1 1

Players with multiple televised maximum breaks

Player Number Most recent 147
1 England O'Sullivan, RonnieRonnie O'Sullivan 11 2011
2 Scotland Hendry, StephenStephen Hendry 9 2011
3 Scotland Higgins, JohnJohn Higgins 5 2004
4 China Ding Junhui 2 2008

Televised maximum breaks by country

Country Players Total 147s
1  Scotland 5 17
2  England 7 17
3  China 1 2
4  Canada 2 2
5=  Australia 1 1
5=  Hong Kong 1 1
5=  Thailand 1 1
5=  Wales 1 1

Records

  • The first maximum break was made by Murt O'Donoghue at Griffith, New South Wales, Australia on 26 September 1934.[6][5]
  • Joe Davis compiled the first officially recognised 147 against Willie Smith in an exhibition match on 22 January 1955 at Leicester Square Hall, London.[5][7]
  • The first officially ratified maximum in competition was made by Rex Williams in the match, Professionals v. Amateurs, on 23 December 1966 in Cape Town.[5]
  • The first maximum compiled in professional competition was made by John Spencer in 1979, but it was not officially ratified due to oversized pockets.[6] His achievement also wasn't recorded, as the TV-crew were away on a tea-break.[5]
  • The first televised 147 was made by Steve Davis in the 1982 Classic.[6]
  • In 1983, Cliff Thorburn became the first player to make a maximum break at the World Championships, a feat that has since been repeated by Jimmy White, Stephen Hendry (twice), Ronnie O'Sullivan (three times), Mark Williams and Ali Carter.[8]
  • O'Sullivan compiled the fastest maximum break in snooker, which took 5 minutes and 20 seconds recorded in the first round of the 1997 World Championship.[9] Michael White compiled the fastest maximum break in six-red snooker, it took 2 minutes and 28 seconds in the group stage of the 2009 Six-red World Championship.[9][10]
  • Hendry, O'Sullivan, Mark Williams and Barry Hawkins are the only players who have made maximums to win matches. Hendry compiled a maximum in the final at the 1997 Charity Challenge winning him the title,[11] Williams in the first round at the 2005 World Championship,[12] O'Sullivan in the semi-finals at the 2007 UK Championship,[13] in the first round at the 2008 World Championship[14] and in the last 64 at the 2010 World Open,[15] and Hawkins in the last 32 at the Players Tour Championship 2010/2011 – Event 3.[16] Two of these were made in the deciding frame of the match: Hendry's at the 1997 Charity Challenge and O'Sullivan's at the 2007 UK Championship.
  • Only Hendry and John Higgins have made maximums in finals of tournaments. Hendry has made three, the first in the final of the 1997 Charity Challenge,[11] the second at the 1999 British Open[17] and the third at the 2001 Malta Grand Prix.[18] Higgins made a maximum in the final of the 2003 LG Cup.[19]
  • Higgins and O'Sullivan are the only players to record maximum breaks in consecutive ranking events. Higgins made one during his defeat by Mark Williams in the LG Cup final,[19] and then one in his second round match at the British Open,[20] in 2003. O'Sullivan made one at the Northern Ireland Trophy[21] and another at the UK Championship,[13] in 2007. Since top 16 players were seeded through to the second round at the 2003 British Open, Higgins' maximums also came in consecutive ranking matches, albeit not in the same tournament.
  • Higgins' maximum breaks at the 2003 LG Cup and 2004 Grand Prix made him the first and only player to record maximums in the same tournament in successive years (the LG Cup being the sponsor's name for that year's Grand Prix). Since Higgins made the maximums in the 2003 final and the 2004 first round, he made maximums in successive rounds of the same tournament but not at the same event.[22]
  • The youngest player to make an 147 in any competition is Judd Trump at the Potters Under-16 Tournament at the age of 14 years and 206 days.[9] The youngest player to make an official 147 in professional competition is Thanawat Thirapongpaiboon at the Euro Players Tour Championship 2010/2011 – Event 3 at the age of 16 years and 312 days.[9] The youngest player to have made a televised 147 is Ding Junhui, who was 19 years and 7 months at the time, in the 2007 Masters.[23][24]
  • The oldest player to make a maximum in professional competition is Stephen Hendry, who made his maximum break at the 2011 Welsh Open at the age of 42 years and 35 days.[9][25]
  • More than one official maximum break has been made in the same event on seven occasions: two maximums were compiled during the 1992 Matchroom League,[26], the 1999 British Open in April,[27] the 2000 Scottish Open,[28] the 2007 Grand Prix,[22] the 2008 World Championship,[29] the 2008 Bahrain Championship[30] and 2010 Rhein–Main Masters.[31] Of these, only the maximums compiled at the 2008 World Championship and the 2010 Rhein–Main Masters were made at the same venue.[3] The 2008 World Championship is the only event where both maximum breaks (made by Ronnie O'Sullivan and Ali Carter just a day apart) were televised.[32]
  • Cliff Thorburn is the first player to have made more than one competitive maximum break and Stephen Hendry is the first player to have made more than one televised maximum break.[3][4]
  • Mark Williams became the first person to compile an official maximum break against a woman at the Rhein–Main Masters.[3][4]
  • There have been at least three matches where more than one maximum was compiled. Peter Ebdon compiled two maximum breaks during an 11-frame exhibition match at Eastbourne Police Club on April 15, 1996. In 2003 he also compiled two consecutive maximum breaks against Steve Davis in an exhibition match.[6][5] Jimmy White and Ronnie O'Sullivan compiled consecutive maximum breaks at an exhibition match in Ireland.[33] Mark King and Joe Jogia made consecutive maximum breaks at the Grove Open.[34]

Highest break following a foul

The highest break possible is 155. This can occur when an opponent fouls but leaves the player snookered on all 15 reds. The player can nominate one of the other colours as a red, known as a "free ball", which carries the same value as a red for just that shot. By potting the free ball followed by a colour, then all the reds with colours, and then the colours up to the pink or black, the player can compile a break of more than 147. If the free ball is followed by a black, and the player goes on to clear the table taking all reds with blacks and then all six colours, the total score for the break is 155.

Breaks exceeding 147

At least nine breaks in excess of 147 have been recorded.

  1. A 151 is reported to have been compiled by Wally West against Butch Rogers in West London's Hounslow Luciana snooker club during a club match in 1976. After Rogers fouled, Wally took the green as his free ball followed by the brown. He then took 14 red and blacks and a pink off the last red. He then cleared up to make the 151.[6][35][36]
  2. In April 1988 Steve Duggan made a 148 in a practice frame against Mark Rowing in Doncaster.[6][37]
  3. In 1993 Stephen Hendry made a 148 in a practice match against Alfie Burden.[6]
  4. In 1995 Tony Drago made a 149 in practice against Nick Manning in West Norwood, London, that was recorded by the Guinness Book of Records as the highest in this category. In that match Drago nominated the brown as the free ball, to score one point. He then potted the brown again, for four more points, before potting the 15 reds with 13 blacks, a pink and a blue, then all the colours.[6][37]
  5. In 1997 Eddie Manning achieved a 149 in a practice match against Kam Pandya at Willie Thorne's Snooker Club in Leicester. Like Drago he took brown, brown, 13 blacks, pink and blue.[6]
  6. In April 2003 Jamie Cope made a 151 break at The Reardon Snooker Club during a practice game with David Fomm-Ward. After a foul by his opponent, Cope was snookered behind the brown ball. He took the brown as the free ball and then potted blue, 13 reds with blacks and two with pinks, then the six colours.[6]
  7. In October 2004, during qualifying for the UK Championship, Jamie Burnett achieved a 148 against Leo Fernandez, becoming the first player to achieve a break of more than 147 in professional competition. He took the brown as the free ball and then potted the brown again, followed by the 15 reds with 12 blacks, two pinks and a blue, then the six colours.[6][38]
  8. Jamie Cope was reported to have made a break of 155 in a practice frame in 2005.[6][39]
  9. In November 2010 Sam Harvey made a 151 in a practice match against Kyren Wilson at his home club in Bedford. Harvey potted the brown as the free ball and then the black, 12 reds with blacks, two with pinks and one with blue, then the six colours.[6][40]

See also

References

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  12. ^ "2005 Embassy World Championship: The Crucible Match Notes Last 32". globalsnookercentre.co.uk. Global Snooker Centre. Archived from the original on 19 November 2005. http://web.archive.org/web/20051119193335/http://www.globalsnookercentre.co.uk/files/Results/res04_5/05EMBWORLDstage4CrucNotes.htm. Retrieved 15 November 2011. 
  13. ^ a b "2007 Maplin UK Championship". Global Snooker Centre. Archived from the original on 19 April 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080419141421/http://www.globalsnookercentre.co.uk/files/Results/2007-8/07-8-Professional/2007-UK-draw.htm. Retrieved 15 November 2011. 
  14. ^ "2008 888.com World Championship". Global Snooker Centre. Archived from the original on 23 October 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20081023212257/http://www.globalsnookercentre.co.uk/files/Results/2007-8/07-8-Professional/2008-888-world.htm. Retrieved 15 November 2011. 
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  37. ^ a b "The tide turns at St Helen's". London: The Independent. 1995-06-15. http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/the-tide-turns-at-st-helens-1586952.html. Retrieved 2009-05-21. 
  38. ^ "Scot Burnett compiles 148 break". BBC Sport. 2004-10-16. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/snooker/3750162.stm. Retrieved 2007-01-21. 
  39. ^ Everton, Clive (2005-10-12). "Murphy shows the form and confidence of a champion". London: The Guardian. http://sport.guardian.co.uk/snooker/story/0,10158,1590060,00.html. Retrieved 2007-01-21. 
  40. ^ Smith, Nick. "Hot-shot Sam's top 151 frame is not just down to spot of pot luck". Bedfordshire on Sunday. http://www.bedfordshire-news.co.uk/News/Hot-shot-Sams-top-151-frame-is-not-just-down-to-spot-of-pot-luck.htm. Retrieved 20 April 2011. 

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