Maturation inhibitor

Maturation inhibitor: The maturation inhibitors are a class of antiviral drugs for the treatment of infection with HIV. They act by interfering with the maturation of the virus. Specifically, drugs in this class disrupt the final step in the processing of the HIV-1 Gag protein, leading to the formation of noninfectious, immature virus particles, incapable of infecting other cells. No other class of drugs shares this mechanism of action, thus maturation inhibitors retain inhibitory activity against HIV infections with resistance. There are no currently available drugs from the class, however several are in clinical trials. The first maturation inhibitor to be studied in humans was bevirimat.^[1]^[2]

References

^ Stoddart CA, Joshi P, Sloan B, et al. (2007). "Potent activity of the HIV-1 maturation inhibitor bevirimat in SCID-hu Thy/Liv mice". PLoS ONE 2 (11): e1251. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001251. PMC 2080775. PMID 18043758. http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0001251.

^ Salzwedel K, Martin DE, Sakalian M (2007). "Maturation inhibitors: a new therapeutic class targets the virus structure". AIDS Rev 9 (3): 162–72. PMID 17982941. http://www.aidsreviews.com/resumen.asp?id=970&indice=200793&u=unp.

v · d · eAntiviral drugs: antiretroviral drugs used against HIV (primarily J05)

Entry/fusion inhibitors
(Discovery & development)
gp41 (Enfuvirtide) • CCR5 (Maraviroc, Vicriviroc^†, Cenicriviroc^†, PRO 140^†) • CD4 (Ibalizumab^†)

Reverse-transcriptase
inhibitors (RTIs)

Nucleoside &
Nucleotide (NRTI)

Nucleoside analogues/NARTIs: Abacavir (ABC)°^# • Emtricitabine (FTC)°^# • Lamivudine (3TC)°^# • Didanosine (ddI)^# • Zidovudine (AZT)^# • Apricitabine^† • Stampidine^† • Elvucitabine^† • Racivir^† • Amdoxovir^†• Stavudine (d4T)^# • Zalcitabine (ddC)^◊ • Festinavir^†
Nucleotide analogues/NtRTIs: Tenofovir°^#

Non-Nucleoside (NNRTI)
(Discovery & development)

(1^st generation) Efavirenz°^# • Nevirapine^# • Loviride^◊ • Delavirdine^◊ •
(2^nd generation) diarylpyrimidines (Etravirine, Rilpivirine) • Lersivirine^†

Integrase inhibitors
Raltegravir • Elvitegravir^† • Dolutegravir^† • Globoidnan A (experimental) • MK-2048^† • BI 224436^†

Maturation inhibitors
Bevirimat^† • Vivecon^†

Protease Inhibitors (PI)
(Discovery and development)

1^st generation

Fosamprenavir° • Lopinavir°^# • Nelfinavir^# • Ritonavir^# • Saquinavir^# • Amprenavir^◊ • Indinavir^◊^#

2^nd generation

Atazanavir° • Darunavir • Tipranavir

Combined formulations
Lamivudine/zidovudine • Emtricitabine/tenofovir/efavirenz • Abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine • Tenofovir/emtricitabine • Lopinavir/ritonavir • Abacavir/lamivudine • Emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir

Experimental agents

Uncoating inhibitors

TRIM5alpha (gene)

Transcription inhibitors

Tat antagonists

Translation inhibitors

Trichosanthin

Other

Abzyme • Calanolide A • Ceragenin • Cyanovirin-N • Diarylpyrimidines • Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) • Foscarnet • Griffithsin • Hydroxycarbamide • Miltefosine • Portmanteau inhibitors • Seliciclib^† • Synergistic enhancers • Tre recombinase • Zinc finger protein transcription factor • KP-1461^† • Cobicistat^†

Failed agents

Dexelvucitabine • Capravirine • Emivirine • Lodenosine • Atevirdine • Brecanavir • Aplaviroc

^#WHO-EM. ^‡Withdrawn from market. Clinical trials: ^†Phase III. ^§Never to phase III °DHHS preferred first-line agent. ^◊Formerly or rarely used agent.

M: VIR

virs(prot)/clss

cutn/syst (hppv/hiva, infl/zost/zoon)/epon

drugJ(dnaa, rnaa, rtva, vacc)

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