- National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
-
Coordinates: 50°26′41.59″N 30°30′45.07″E / 50.4448861°N 30.5125194°E
National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Established November 27, 1918 Location 54 Volodymyr Street Kiev, Ukraine Website www.nas.gov.ua The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Національна академія наук України, Natsional’na akademiya nauk Ukrayiny) is the highest government research body in Ukraine and one of the six state academies. Its presidium is located at 57 Volodymyr Street, across the street from the Building of Pedagogical Museum where used to preside the Central Rada during the independence period of 1917-18.
Contents
Activities
Like many other academies, it has a two-tier membership: academicians, and corresponding members. There is also an additional membership category for foreign members. It operates many research institutions, primarily in the fundamental sciences but also in the humanities. The Academy has "state-agency" status, but is self-governing in decisions relating to its own activities. The NASU is responsible for over 90% of all discoveries made in Ukraine, including the transmutation of lithium into helium, the production of heavy water, and the development of a 3-D radar that operates in the decimeter range.
Names
Over the course of its history, the NASU has had 5 different names. From 1918 to 1921, it was known as the Ukrainian Academy of Science (UAS). From 1921 until 1936, it was known as the All-Ukrainian Academy of Science. From 1936 to 1991, it was known as the Academy of Science of the Ukrainian SSR. From 1991 to 1993, it was known as the Academy of Science of Ukraine. Since 1994, it has been known by its current name, National Academy of Science of Ukraine.
Names for the Academy Ukrainian Academy of Sciences 1918—1921 All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences 1921—1936 Academy of Sciences of the UkrSSR 1936—1991 Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 1991—1993 National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine since 1994 History
The National Academy of Science of Ukraine was founded on November 27, 1918 during its First General Assembly, making it one of the oldest national academy in the Soviet Union. The idea to create such an institution came from the Ukrainian Scientific Association in April of 1917. However it was only created during the time of the Ukrainian State, when a proposal by Mykola Vasylenko formed a special committee that from July 9 - September 17, 1918 created a legal document for the creation of the Academy. That document was approved by the Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky on November 14, 1918. At this point it was called the Ukrainian Academy of Science (UAS).
Its first president was the geologist, Vladymyr Vernadsky. The first National Academy consisted of research departments in history and philology, physics and mathematics, as well as social studies. The UAS had 3 departments, 15 commissions, and the National Library. Its founding members were D. Bahali, A. Krymsky, M. Petrov, S. Smal-Stotsky, V. Vernadsky, M. Kashchenko, C. Tymoshenko, P. Tutkovsky, Mikhail Tugan-Baranovsky, F. Taranovsky, V. Kosynsky, and O. Levytsky.
In 1924-5, the Academy held its first election for foreign members. However, none of the candidates were elected. In 1929 two of its members (Serhiy Yefremov and Mykhailo Slabchenko) and 24 corresponding agents (such as Osip Hermaize, Hryhoriy Holoskevych, Andriy Nikovsky, and others) were arrested in accusation to belonging to the non-existing (as later it was established) Union for the Freedom of Ukraine. None of the arrested have ever been released.
Notable members
Through its history, various new departments have been founded by prominent scientists. The following list gives some of the scientist who founded new departments.
- Mathematics
- D. O. Grave, M. M. Krylov, and M. M. Bogoliubov
- Mechanics
- O. M. Dynnik and M. O. Lavrentiev
- Physics
- K. D. Sinelnikov, L. V. Shubnikov, V. Ye. Lashkariov, O. I. Akhiezer, O. S. Davidov, A. F. Prikhotko, O. Ya. Usikov, and S. Ya. Braude
- Geology
- P. A. Tutkovsky
- Chemistry
- L. V. Pisarzhevsky, O. I. Brodsky, A. V. Dumansky
- Biology and Medicine
- D. K. Zabolotny, O. O. Bohomolets, V. P. Filatov, M. H. Kholodny, and I. I. Schmalhausen.
The NASU has had only eight (8) different presidents:
- V. I. Vernadsky (1918-1921)
- M. P. Vasylenko (1921-1922)
- O. I. Levitsky (1922)
- V. I. Lipsky (1922-1928)
- D. K. Zabolotny (1928-1929)
- O. O. Bohomolets (1930-1946)
- O. V. Palladin (1946-1962)
- B. E. Paton (1962-present)
Current status
On 2006, the NASU has 3 sections and 14 departments within them, 6 regional science centers, 173 research institutions, with 43,613 employees including 16,813 researchers; among them, 2,493 with degree of Doktor Nauk (D.Sc.) and 7,996 with degree of Kandidat Nauk (Ph.D.). Currently, the sections and departments are:
Sections
- Section of Physical-Technical and Mathematical Sciences
- Department of Mathematics
- Department of Computer Science
- Department of Mechanics
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- Department of Earth Sciences
- Department of Physical and Technical Problems of Materials Science
- Department of Physical and Technical Problems of Power Engineering
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Power Engineering
- Section of Chemical and Biological Sciences
- Department of Chemistry
- Department of Biochemistry, Physiology and Molecular Biology
- Department of General Biology
- Section of Social Sciences ad Humanities
- Department of Economics
- Department of History, Philosophy and Law
- Department of Philological Studies, Art Criticism, Ethnology
Regional Centers
Regional science centers (SCs) are:
- Donetsk SC (center in Donetsk) - 9 research institutes;
- Western SC (Lviv) - 18 institutes;
- Southern SC (Odessa) - 7 institutes;
- North-East SC (Kharkiv) led by Volodymyr Semynozhenko since 25.11.1992 - 17 institutes;
- Dnieper SC (Dnipropetrovsk) - 7 institutes;
- Crimea SC (Simferopol) - 8 institutes.
The most of institutions of the Academy (212) are placed in the city of Kiev, following by Kharkiv (39) and Lviv (27). The Academy is represented at least by one institution in most of the oblasts in Ukraine, except Volyn, Rivne, Ternopil, Khmelnytsky, Vinnytsia, and Kirovohrad.
Libraries of Academy
There are 2 national libraries affiliated with the NASU:
- The V. I. Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine with 10 million books, manuscripts
- The V. Stefanyk National Library in Lviv.
Publishers
The NASU has two publishing houses:
- «Наукова думка» (roughly "Scientific Thought" or "Naukova dumka") and
- «Академперіодика» (roughly "Academic Periodical" or "Akademperiodyka")
The NASU has made major contributions to most of the major fields of science.
Today, the General Meetings of the NASU consist of 512 academicians and corresponding members along with 130 foreign members.
Awards
Since 2004 the Academy awards its Vernadsky Golden Medal to the most distinguished academicians.
- 2004 Borys Paton
- 2005 P. Kostiuk
- 2006 V. Skopenko
- 2007 Y. Mytropolsky
See also
- National Academy of Arts of Ukraine
- National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine
- National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine
- National Academy of Legal Sciences of Ukraine
- National Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of Ukraine
- Academy of Mining Sciences of Ukraine
- Academy of Economic Sciences of Ukraine
- Academy of Higher Education of Ukraine
External links
International Council for Science (ICSU) National Members Albania · Angola · Argentina · Armenia · Australia · Austria · Azerbaijan · Bangladesh · Belarus · Belgium · Bolivia · Bosnia & Herzegovina (Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina • Academy of Sciences and Arts of the Republic of Srpska) · Botswana · Brazil · Bulgaria · Burkina Faso · Cameroon · Canada · Caribbean · Chile · China · Colombia · Costa Rica · Croatia · Cuba · Czech Republic · Côte d'Ivoire · Denmark · Dominican Republic · Egypt · Estonia · Ethiopia · Finland · France · Georgia · Germany · Ghana · Greece · Guatemala · Hungary · India · Indonesia · Iran · Iraq · Ireland · Israel · Italy · Jamaica · Japan · Jordan · Kazakhstan · Kenya · Laos · Latvia · Lebanon · Lesotho · Lithuania · Luxembourg · Macedonia · Madagascar · Malawi · Malaysia · Mauritius · Mexico · Moldova · Monaco · Mongolia · Montenegro · Morocco · Mozambique · Namibia · Nepal · Netherlands · New Zealand · Nigeria · North Korea · Norway · Pakistan · Panama · Peru · Philippines · Poland · Portugal · Romania · Russia · Rwanda · Saudi Arabia · Senegal · Serbia · Seychelles · Singapore · Slovakia · Slovenia · South Africa · South Korea · South Pacific · Spain · Sri Lanka · Sudan · Swaziland · Sweden · Switzerland · Taiwan · Tajikistan · Tanzania · Thailand · Togo · Tunisia · Turkey · Uganda · Ukraine · United Kingdom · United States · Uruguay · Uzbekistan · Vatican City · Venezuela · Vietnam · Zambia · Zimbabwe
International Scientific Unions International Astronomical Union (IAU) · International Brain Research Organization (IBRO) · International Geographical Union (IGU) · International Mathematical Union (IMU) · International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS) · International Union for Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine (IUPESM) · International Union for Pure and Applied Biophysics (IUPAB) · International Union for Quaternary Research (INQUA) · International Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences (IUAES) · International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (IUPHAR) · International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB) · International Union of Biological Sciences (IUBS) · International Union of Crystallography (IUCr) · International Union of Food Science & Technology (IUFoST) · International Union of Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO) · International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) · International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) · International Union of History and Philosophy of Science (IUHPS) · International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS) · International Union of Materials Research Societies (IUMRS) · International Union of Microbiological Societies (IUMS) · International Union of Nutritional Sciences (IUNS) · International Union of Physiological Sciences (IUPS) · International Union of Psychological Science (IUPsyS ) · International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) · International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) · International Union of Radio Science (URSI) · International Union of Soil Sciences (IUSS) · International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (IUTAM) · International Union of Toxicology
Scientific Associates Academia de Ciencias de América Latina (ACAL) · Engineering Committee on Oceanic Resources (ECOR) · Federation of Asian Scientific Academies and Societies (FASAS) · International Arctic Science Committee (IASC) · International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR) · International Cartographic Association (ICA) · International Commission for Acoustics (ICA) · International Commission for Optics (ICO) · International Council for Laboratory Animal Science (ICLAS) · International Council for Scientific and Technical Information (ICSTI) · International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) · International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) · International Federation of Societies for Microscopy (IFSM) · International Federation of Surveyors (FIG) · International Foundation for Science (IFS) · International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) · International Union for Vacuum Science, Technique and Applications (IUVSTA) · International Union of Speleology (UIS) · International Water Association (IWA) · Pacific Science Association (PSA) · Society for Social Studies of Science (4S) · TWAS, the academy of sciences for the developing world
Albania · Armenia · Austria · Azerbaijan · Belarus · Bulgaria · Czech Republic · Denmark · Estonia · France · Georgia · Germany · Hungary · Kazakhstan · Latvia · Lithuania · Moldova · Netherlands · Norway · Poland · Portugal · Russia · Spain · Sweden · Switzerland · Ukraine · United Kingdom · Vatican CityCategories:- 1918 establishments in Ukraine
- Science and technology in Ukraine
- National academies of arts and humanities
- Soviet culture
- Science and technology in the Soviet Union
- National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
- Mathematics
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.