Oenothera speciosa

Oenothera speciosa
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Division:	Magnoliophyta
Class:	Magnoliopsida
Order:	Myrtales
Family:	Onagraceae
Genus:	Oenothera
Species:	O. speciosa
Binomial name
Oenothera speciosa Nutt.[1]

Oenothera speciosa is a species of evening primrose known by several common names, including pinkladies, pink evening primrose, showy evening primrose, Mexican primrose, and amapola. It is a herbaceous perennial wildflower native to 28 of the lower 48 U.S. states (Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, California, the Carolinas, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, Nebraska, New Mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, and West Virginia)^[2] as well as Chihuahua and Coahuila in Mexico. The specific name, speciosa, means "showy".

The pink primrose has glaborous (smooth) to pubescent stems that grow to 50 cm in height. The pubescent leaves are alternate with very short or no petiole (sessile), reaching 10 cm long to 4 cm broad. They are variable in shape, from linear to obovate, and are toothed or wavy-edged. It produces single, four-petaled, cup-shaped flowers on the upper leaf axils. These fragrant shell-pink flowers bloom throughout the summer into early autumn. The 1.5–2 in (3.8–5.1 cm) flowers start out white and grow pink as they age. The flower throats, as well as the stigmas and stamens, have a soft yellow color. It blooms both day and night, but typically in the pre-dawn hours, closing when the full sun hits them. They bloom from March to July, and occasionally in the fall. The flowers are frequented by several species of insect, but moths are the most common as the flowers are mostly open at night.

The plant's wild habitat includes rocky prairies, open woodlands, slopes, roadsides, meadows and disturbed areas. While it makes an attractive garden plant, care should be taken with it as it can become invasive, spreading by runners and seeds. This drought-resistant plant prefers loose, fast-draining soil and full sun.

This plant is also frequently referred to as a buttercup, though it is not a true buttercup (genus Ranunculus), or even in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae.

Gallery

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  Unopened flower buds.

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  Pollen magnified 200x

References

1. ^ "Taxon: Oenothera speciosa Nutt.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2009-02-13. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?70465. Retrieved 2010-10-28. 
2. ^ "Profile for Oenothera speciosa (pinkladies)". PLANTS Database. USDA, NRCS. http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=OESP2. Retrieved September 4, 2010. 

• Tveten, Gloria and Tveten, John. Wildflowers of Houston & Southeast Texas. University of Texas Press, Austin, Texas (1993). ISBN 0-292-78151-2
• Missouri plants: Oenothera speciosa

External links

Plants portal

• Jepson Manual Treatment
• Oenothera speciosa photos at vanderbilt.edu
• Oenothera speciosa photos at calphotos.berkeley.edu