Common Rock Rat

Common Rock Rat
Common Rock Rat
Conservation status
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Rodentia
Family: Muridae
Genus: Zyzomys
Species: Z. argurus
Binomial name
Zyzomys argurus
(Thomas, 1889)

The Common Rock Rat (Zyzomys argurus) is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Australia, where it lives in the rocky areas of woodlands, grasslands and low open forests, particularly on the talus, or scree, of cliff slopes.[1] As a nocturnal animal, it spends the daytime nesting in cool rock crevices. Direct exposure to the sun can quickly result in heat stroke and death.[2]

The Rock Rat is an overall golden brown with white belly. It can weigh anywhere from 25 - 65 grams, with a head to body length of 85 – 140 mm. The thick tail is 90 – 125 mm long and contains fat deposits.[2] The tail is covered in overlapping scales and sparse hairs. The skin of the tail can easily be pulled off, allowing the animal to escape predators in some situations (this function is similar to that of lizard tail autotomy).[3]

They are sexually mature at 5 to 6 months of age. The females have 4 nipples but litters average 2 to 3 offspring. Gestation is about 35 days. By the 10th day, the offspring are covered in fur, and by the 12th day their eyes are open. They are weaned by 4 weeks of age.[4][5] The life span of the Common Rock Rat in the wild is unknown, but an age of 4.2 years in captivity has been reported.[2][6]

Their diet consists of plant matter, grasses, seeds, fungi and insects.[2]

References

  1. ^ Larson, Matthes, and Kelly. Cliff ecology: pattern and process in cliff ecosystems. Cambridge University Press, 2000. page 159. ISBN 0521554896, 9780521554893
  2. ^ a b c d Cronin and Westmacott. Cronin's key guide Australian mammals. Allen & Unwin, 2008, page 176. ISBN 1741751101, 9781741751109
  3. ^ Breed, Bill and Ford, Fred. Native Mice and Rats. CSIRO Publishing, 2008. Page 82 ISBN 0643091661, 9780643091665
  4. ^ Ernest (2003), Life history characteristics of placental non-volant mammals
  5. ^ Ronald Nowak (1999), Walker's Mammals of the World
  6. ^ Richard Weigl (2005), Longevity of Mammals in Captivity; from the Living Collections of the World
  • Baillie, J. 1996. Zyzomys argurus. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 20 July 2007.
  • Musser, G. G. and M. D. Carleton. 2005. Superfamily Muroidea. pp. 894–1531 in Mammal Species of the World a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder eds. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.