- New Fort York
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New Fort York at the mouth of Garrison Creek, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
The Officers' Mess, the only surviving building of New Fort YorkType military base for the settlement Built 1840 Construction
materialsQueenston limestone New Fort York was built to replace Toronto's original Fort York at the mouth of Garrison Creek as the primary military base for the settlement. Unlike the older fort, it was not made of wood.
Contents
History
A series of six stone buildings were constructed in what is now the Canadian National Exhibition grounds around 1840 by the Royal Engineers of the British Army with the biggest building being the Officers' Quarters. The two storey Queenston limestone structure cost 19,000 pounds and housed troops following the 1837 Rebellion.
Other features of the fort included:
- five smaller builds for troops and storage
- parading grounds
- stockade
British troops left the fort in 1870.
Troops stationed at the fort over the years:
- Royal Canadian Rifles
- Seventy-First Highland Light Infantry
- Royal Artillery
- Thirteenth Hussars
- Canadian Permanent Force
- C Company of the School of Infantry
- B Squadron, The Royal Canadian Dragoons
- The Royal Canadian Regiment
The North-West Mounted Police also used the facility for training in the 1870s.
New Fort York was renamed the Stanley Barracks[1] in 1893 after the Governor General of Canada at that time, Lord Stanley of Preston (of hockey's Stanley Cup fame).
During World War I, the barracks housed German, Austro-Hungarian, and Turkish citizens, who were interned there as enemy aliens. The barracks were last used during World War II when the Canadian troops were stationed there prior to being sent overseas. All the fort's buildings and other exhibition building housed the troops.
Post-World War II
After the war, most of the buildings became vacant. The Stanley Barracks were mostly demolished in 1953. The gates to the barracks (gate doors forged in England in 1839) were salvaged in 1957, however, and were re-erected in Toronto on Kingston Rd. at Guildwood Parkway, at the entrance to Guildwood Village, where they may still be viewed.[1]. Lights replaced the stone globes on the top of the gate posts. The Officers' Mess building can still be found on the grounds of the Canadian National Exhibition, but it is now vacant.
The building served as the home for Canada's Sports Hall of Fame, Hockey Hall of Fame and the Toronto Maritime Museum.
Today only one of the original buildings survives. The Officers' Quarters, generally called the 'Stanley Barracks', became home to the city–owned Toronto Maritime Museum from 1958 to 1998 before it moved to Harbourfront. The museum has since closed and Stanley Barracks is vacant once again. The Barracks was open one weekend in May 2006 during Doors Open Toronto.
The grounds of the fort is also home to a piece of Toronto history, as well as a former home to another; the tugboat Ned Hanlan is on display on the west side of the building, but is not open to the public.
Canadian National locomotive No. 6213 was located on the east side from 1960 until 2009. In 2009, it was moved to Roundhouse Park to become the centrepiece of the Toronto Railway Historical Association's railway museum.[2] The U-2 class Northern-type locomotive, built by Montreal Locomotive Works in 1942, was retired from service in 1959 and given to the City of Toronto in 1960.[3]
Foundations of some of the buildings still survive. A hotel planned adjacent to the site will expose some of the foundations as part of the project.[4]
See also
- Chronology of the War of 1812
- War of 1812 Campaigns
- List of forts
- War of 1812
- Upper Canada
- List of oldest buildings and structures in Toronto
References
- ^ http://www.guildwood.on.ca/Village_history.html
- ^ [http://wayoutinthemargin.blogspot.com/2009/06/heritage-moving-locomotive-6213.html
- ^ Steam Locomotive No. 6213
- ^ "Hotel In the Garden". City of Toronto. http://www.explace.on.ca/database/rte/files/HKHotelpresentation%281%29.pdf. Retrieved August 3, 2011.
- Ontario Provincial Plaque - Stanley Barracks
- Intention to Designate Under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act - 2 Strachan Avenue (Trinity-Niagara)
Coordinates: 43°38′20″N 79°24′12″W / 43.63900°N 79.40327°W
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- Demolished buildings in Toronto
- Military forts in Ontario
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