Principality of Lippe

Principality of Lippe Fürstentum Lippe
State of the Holy Roman Empire (until 1806)
← 1123–1918 →
Flag (1815–1880) Coat of arms
Lippe within the German Confederation (1814-1866)
Capital	Detmold
Government	Principality
History
- Established	1123
- Raised to County	1528
- Raised to Principality	1789
- German Revolution	1918

Map of Lippe in 1918.

Lippe (later Lippe-Detmold and then again Lippe) was a historical state in Germany. It was located between the Weser River and the southeast part of the Teutoburg forest.

History

The founder of what would become the Principality of Lippe was Bernhard I, who received a grant of the territory from Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor and King of the Germans in 1123. Bernhard I assumed the title of Lord of Lippe. Bernhard's successors inherited and obtained several counties. Lord Simon V was the first ruler of Lippe to style himself as a count.

Following the death of Simon VI in 1613, the principality was split into three counties; Lippe-Detmold went to Simon VII, Lippe-Brake to Otto and Lippe-Alverdissen went to Philip I. The Lippe-Brake county was reunited with the main Detmold line in 1709. Another branch of the family was founded by Jobst Herman, a son of Simon VII, who was founder of the Lippe-Biesterfeld line.

The Counts of Lippe-Detmold were granted the title of Prince of The Empire in 1789.

Shortly after becoming a member state of the German Empire in 1871, the Lippe-Detmold line died out on 20 July 1895. This resulted in an inheritance dispute between the neighboring principality of Schaumburg-Lippe and the Lippe-Biesterfeld line. The dispute was resolved by the Imperial Court in Leipzig in 1905, with the lands passing to the Lippe-Biesterfeld line who, until this point, had no territorial sovereignty.

The Principality of Lippe came to an end on 12 November 1918 with the abdication of Leopold IV, with Lippe becoming a Free State. In 1947, Lippe merged into the state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

Lords of Lippe

• Bernard I (1123–1158)
• Herman I (1128–1167)
• Bernard II (1168–1196)
• Herman II (1196–1229)
• Bernard III (1230–1265)
• Herman III (1265–1273)
• Bernard IV (1265–1275)
• Simon I (1273–1344)
• Simon II (1344)
• Otto (1344–1360)
• Bernard V (1344–1364)
• Simon III (1360–1410)
• Bernard VI (1410–1415)
• Simon IV (1415–1429)
• Bernard VII (1429–1511)
• Simon V (1511–1536)

Raised to County to 1536.

Counts of Lippe (-Detmold from 1613)

• Simon V (1511–1536)
• Bernard VIII (1536–1563)
• Simon VI (1563–1613)
• Simon VII (1613–1627)
• Simon Louis (1627–1636)
• Simon Philip (1636–1650)
• John Bernard (1650–1652)
• Herman Adolphus (1652–1665)
• Simon Henry (1665–1697)
• Frederick Adolphus (1697–1718)
• Simon Henry Adolphus (1718–1734)
• Simon Augustus (1734–1782)
• Leopold I (1782–1789)

Raised to Principality 1789.

Princes of Lippe

• Leopold I (1789–1802)
• Leopold II (1802–1851)
• Leopold III (1851–1875)
• Woldemar (1875–1895)
• Alexander (1895–1905)
  • Prince Adolphus of Schaumburg-Lippe (regent 1895–1897)
  • Count Ernest of Lippe-Biesterfeld (regent 1897–1904)
  • Count Leopold of Lippe-Biesterfeld (regent 1904–1905)
• Leopold IV (1905–1918)

The monarchy of Lippe was abolished in 1918.

Heads of the House of Lippe

• Leopold IV (1918–1949)
• Armin (1949–present)

Heir Stephan, Hereditary Prince of Lippe (born 1959)

See also

• List of consorts of Lippe
• Ostwestfalen-Lippe

References

•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 
• German Genealogy: Lippe (-Detmold)

External links

• Ordinances and by-laws of the county of Lippe online (German)
• Guidelines for the integration of the Land Lippe within the territory of the federal state North-Rhine-Westphalia of 17 January 1947 (German)