Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia

Infobox Former Country
native_name = "Regno Lombardo-Veneto
Lombardo-Venezianisches Königreich"
conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia
common_name = Lombardy-Venetia
continent = Europe
region = Italy
country = Italy
empire = Austrian Empire
status_text = Client state to Austria
status = Client state
event_start= Congress of Vienna
year_start = 1815
date_start = 9 June
year_end = 1866
date_end = October 12
event_end = Treaty of Vienna
event1 = Revolutions
date_event1 = March 22, 1848
event2 = Treaty of Zurich
date_event2 = November 10, 1859
p1 = Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)
flag_p1 = Flag of the Regno Italico 1805.pngs1 = Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)
flag_s1 = Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg

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image_map_caption = Lombardy and Venetia as parts of the kingdom
capital = Milan
government_type = Constitutional monarchy
leader1 = Francis I
year_leader1 = 1815-1835
leader2 = Ferdinand I
year_leader2 = 1835-1848
leader3 = Francis Joseph I
year_leader3 = 1848-1866
title_deputy = Viceroy
deputy1= Maximilian (of Habsburg)
year_deputy1 = 1857-1859
stat_pop1=5100000
stat_area1=46991
stat_year1=1850
currency = Lombardy-Venetia scudo (1816-1857)
Lombardy-Venetia florin (1857-1866)

The Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia ( _it. Regno Lombardo-Veneto; _de. Lombardo-Venezianisches Königreich) was a kingdom in northern Italy, and part of the Austrian Empire. It was established after the defeat of Napoleon, according to the decisions of the Congress of Vienna, on 9 June 1815. The Kingdom ceased to exist when the remaining portion of it was annexed to the Kingdom of Italy in 1866.

The Congress of Vienna combined the territories of Lombardy (which had been ruled by the Habsburgs since the 16th century, and by the Austrian branch of the family from 1713 to 1796) and Venetia (which had been under Austrian rule intermittently since 1797) into a single unit under the Austrian Habsburgs.

Administratively the Kingdom comprised two independent governments in the two parts. Lombardy included the provinces of Milan, Como, Bergamo, Brescia, Pavia, Cremona, Mantova, Lodi-Cream, and Sondrio. Venetia included the provinces of Venice, Verona, Padova, Vicenza, Treviso, Rovigo, Belluno, and Udine.Rosita Rindler Schjerve (2003) "Diglossia and Power: Language Policies and Practice in the 19th Century Habsburg Empire", ISBN 311017653X, [http://books.google.com/books?id=w6W9V70JgvAC&pg=PA199&vq=Lombardy-Venetia&dq=%22utraquist+schools%22&sig=RdPsUVamoozKVuLo5Er38FmKifw#PPA199,M1 pp. 199-200] ]

The Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia was first ruled by Francis from 1815 to his death in 1835. Ferdinand ruled from 1835 to 1848.

After a popular revolution on 22 March 1848 ("The Five Days of Milan"), the Austrians fled from Milan, which become the capital city of the "Governo Provvisorio della Lombardia" (Lombardy Provisional Government). The next day, Venice also arose against the Austrians, forming the "Governo Provvisorio di Venezia" (Venice Provisional Government). The Austrians, after defeating the Sardinian troops at the Custoza (24-25 July 1848), entered in Milan (6 August) and Venice (24 August 1849), restoring Austrian rule.

Francis Joseph ruled over the Kingdom for the rest of its existence. His younger brother Maximilian, who later became Emperor of Mexico, served as his viceroy in Milan between 1857 and 1859.

Lombardy was annexed to the embryonic Italian state in 1859, by the Treaty of Zurich after the Second Italian War of Independence; Venetia was ceded to the Kingdom of Italy in 1866 in the aftermath of the Seven Weeks War, by the Treaty of Prague.

Kings of Lombardy-Venetia

See also

*Historical states of Italy

References