- Chadstone Shopping Centre
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Chadstone Shopping Centre Location Malvern East, Victoria, Australia Coordinates 37°53′9″S 145°4′57″E / 37.88583°S 145.0825°ECoordinates: 37°53′9″S 145°4′57″E / 37.88583°S 145.0825°E Opening date 3 October 1960 Developer Colonial First State Property Management Management Colonial First State Property Management Owner Gandel Group (50%)[1]
CFS Retail Property Trust [2] (50%)No. of stores and services 530[3] No. of anchor tenants 14 Total retail floor area 190,000 m2 (2,000,000 sq ft)[4][5] Parking 9,500 No. of floors 2
3 in Myer and David JonesWebsite chadstoneshopping.com.au Chadstone Shopping Centre (also known colloquially as Chaddy)[6] is a super regional shopping centre located in the inner south-eastern suburb of Malvern East in the city of Melbourne, Australia. The centre is the oldest in Victoria, opening on 3 October 1960, and the largest in Australia with approximately 530 stores and over 9500 free car parking spaces – and is currently claimed to be the largest in the southern hemisphere.[3][6] The centre boasts major anchor stores such as the Myer and David Jones department stores, Coles, Woolworths and Aldi supermarkets, and Kmart and Target discount department stores as well as a Hoyts cinema multiplex, an AMF bowling alley, an Apple Store, Dick Smith and JB Hi-Fi electronics stores and over 500 specialty stores, of which the majority are fashion related over other categories, with numerous high-end labels being tenants of the centre. There are also two office towers located at the southern side of the centre as well as two food courts.
Contents
History
Origins
Opened in October 1960 at a cost of £6 million,[7][8] (The Post Office on 3 October 1960)[9] Chadstone Shopping Centre was the first self-contained regional shopping centre in Melbourne, and the largest built in Australia to that time. The centre was built and owned by the Myer Emporium, and marked the transformation of shopping in Australia from the traditional central city and strip-shopping precincts to the now familiar mall-type shopping centre.[10]
The site of the current shopping centre was once extensive paddocks of the Convent of the Good Shepherd on which cattle grazed until the mid 1950s. The initial 30 acres of land was sold to Myer in March 1958.[11]
The development of Chadstone was driven by Ken Myer, who in 1949 looked to the USA for the lead in retail developments, with decentralised centres fuelled by expanding suburban growth and car reliance.[12] Further development of the concept occurred after Myer's 1953 visit to the USA, where he met with a number of architects involved with the design of shopping malls, and in 1954 Myer secured 86 acres of land in Burwood for a shopping centre, but was ultimately not used for the project.[13]
In 1958 the American firm of Welton Becket and Associates were appointed as the design architects, with Tompkins and Shaw Architects as the production architects. During the project the senior board of Myer was unhappy with the process, concerned that the architects did not understand the "Australian Concept", and were blindly adopting the American shopping mall model.[11]
In 1960 the Myer board wrote:[7]
- "Although based in a broad way on the pattern of shopping centres in the United States, Chadstone has been individually designed to suit local needs and its own location."
The original shopping centre consisted of a single open-air mall with Myer at the southern end and a Dickins supermarket at the northern end; following the US pattern of shopping malls.
Early years
The first major change was made to the centre in 1967: the mall was roofed over with translucent fibreglass, an acknowledgement that the open mall did not suit the Melbourne climate. During the same period a bowling alley and auditorium were opened, and the Dickens store was altered to be more easily accessed from the mall.[14]
In the early 1980s, the Myer Emporium sold the shopping centre to the Gandel Group, which has since managed and developed the complex.
In 1984 the centre had its first expansion: in 1985 Coles New World was relocated and a Target Discount Department Store was opened, and in 1986 a Hoyts 8 Cinema Complex was opened. A major extension doubled the lettable area in the late 1980s, and during the same era the Convent of the Good Shepherd was finally demolished to extend the carpark of the complex.
Redevelopment
Throughout the 1990s, Chadstone has undergone numerous developments. These include the development of multi-storey carparks due to the boundaries of the centre being built-up with no further room to expand. Approximately 20% of the original mall structure is left intact with this number to be reduced due to the construction of the West End Mall.
By 1999 Chadstone's lettable area covered 126,000 square metres, after the extension of the Myer and David Jones stores.[15] Part of stages 20 and 21, this expansion cost $150 million and took two and a half years to complete.[16] Local construction company Probuild has been responsible for every major stage of expansion and redevelopment at Chadstone Shopping Centre, commencing at stage 5 in 1989, with stage 33 (West End Mall) having been completed in 2009.[17]
Chadstone has remained Australia's largest shopping centre thanks to regular development, Knox City Shopping Centre having held the "Australia's largest" title from November 2002 until 2007 after the completion of their own expansion works.[15] Chadstone's main local rivals are Westfield Doncaster to the north, Knox City Shopping Centre to the east and Westfield Southland to the south.
Since late December 2007 a A$100 million upgrade saw the centre's owners extend Chadstone's lettable area to 190,000 m², with the centre reclaiming the title as the largest shopping centre in Australia.[18]
The new extension, dubbed 'Chadstone Place', featured a Woolworths Supermarket, First Choice Liquor, Aldi and a Dick Smith Electronics Concept Store along with an airport-style waiting area bus interchange, two new health clubs (Contours and Fitness First Platinum) and a crèche. On 29 October 2007 the first section of the redevelopment was open. Named "The Loop Mall" it featured 44 new stores including a redesigned Jetty Surf and new entrances opposite Kmart and Toys 'R' Us.
The last major redevelopment, commencing in early 2007, impacted almost one quarter of the centre, (the oldest section of the centre, from Sportsgirl to Mrs. Field's/Borders, being closed), from 31 May 2008, until Nov 2009.[19]
The development also included redesigning the roads leading into Chadstone to allow for better traffic flow into the centre. As part of the development an independent community group launched and maintained a website to keep track of construction developments.[20] The State Government refused to impose a condition sought by the Stonnington Council calling for a transport study by the Government and Gandel, including the possible construction of a rail link.[21]
On 22 August 2009, 50 new stores, including Sportsgirl, Portmans, Esprit, Witchery, were opened. In November, a golden strip of luxury retailers were officially opened. 12 international fashion houses now have stores at Chadstone including Louis Vuitton, Gucci, Prada, Chanel, Miu Miu, Tiffany & Co., Ralph Lauren, Hugo Boss, Omega, Burberry, Coach and Jimmy Choo.[22]
Upon completion there are now a total of 530 stores[23] and 9,500 car spaces, more than any other shopping centre in Australia.[24]
On 20 August 2011, managing director of Colonial First State Global Asset Management, Darren Steinberg, announced that Chadstone will be expanding its floor area from 190,000 m² to 215,000 m², as the centre undergoes a new redevelopment focussed on the older part of Chadstone, the north-side of the centre. Up to 60,000 m² of floor area will be revamped and an extra 25,000 m² added to the centre, that is to comprise of more international designer boutique stores and have the relocation of some existing stores. The project is to cost A$520 million, and a completion date is set for late 2013.[25]
Revenue and profit
Chadstone Shopping Centre was the first shopping centre in Australia to have its total worth valued at over A$1 billion. Chadstone Shopping Centre's net income was $970 million in 2004. Its annual profit in (2004) was A$79.03 million, with its entirety of stores gaining an income of A$119.23 million.[26] In 2004, Chadstone Shopping Centre had an Annual Traffic Movement of 16.7 million moving through the centre.[26]
In 2007, the annual turnover was A$1 billion, making it the shopping centre in Australia with the highest annual turnover and the first to have an annual turnover of A$1 billion.[23]
In 2010, Chadstone had a 20% increase in the moving annual turnover (MAT), making A$1.28 billion in sales that year.[27][28]
Transport
Although the centre was created in the era of the motor vehicle, this fact is now severely limiting the growth of the complex. It is surrounded by over 9500 car parking spaces on three parking levels, and yet it is still notoriously difficult to park there at times. The current upgrade will increase the number of parking spaces even further.
There are concerns from the City of Stonnington and City of Monash Councils and local residents about the motor vehicle congestion around it as well as competition from local street shopping strips. The nearest trains are at the Hughesdale and Oakleigh stations on the Cranbourne/Pakenham lines. Hughesdale is roughly a 10-minute walk from the shopping centre. On the Glen Waverley line is Holmesglen station, which is over a kilometre away down the busy Warrigal Road. The Public Transport Users Association is running an ongoing campaign for improved public transport in and around the centre. It says that buses are slow, often travelling less than 10 km/h in the area and often overcrowded.[29]
There are also many bus routes that use the shopping centre as an interchange, notably the newly introduced route 903 SmartBus.
Tenants
There are 530 stores & luxury boutiques, including Major tenants Myer, David Jones, Kmart, Target, Coles, Best & Less an AMF Bowling Centre, and a Hoyts Cinema Complex featuring 16 theatres (of which 7 are Cinemaxx with stadium seating and 5 include the higher-priced La Premiere seating). The many clothing & luxury stores range from globally renowned names like Louis Vuitton, Chanel, Tiffany & Co, Armani Exchange, Ralph Lauren, Calvin Klein, Pandora, Guess, Levi's, Nike, Calvin Klein Jeans and Speedo, right down to lesser known labels like SABA.
Major stores include:
- Myer 1960 - relocated in November 1998 to make way for centre expansion (22,500m²) - 3 Floors
- David Jones November 1999 - (15,150m²) - 3 Floors
- Kmart Early 1995 - (7,200m²)
- Target 1985 - (9,000m²)
- Coles 1982
- Woolworths 29 October 2008
- Aldi 29 October 2008
- JB Hi-Fi
- Dick Smith Electronics
- Apple Store 13 September 2008
- Best & Less 29 October 2008
- Sportsgirl 2009 - 'super flagship' (750m²)
- Gap August 2010 - 2 storey flagship (740m²)
- Esprit 2009 - 2 storey flagship
Fitness & Leisure:
- Fitness First Platinum - 2008
Entertainment:
- Hoyts 16-screen cinema December - 1999
- AMF Bowling Centre - 24 lanes [1]
Luxury Stores:
- All stores opened in December 2009.
- Chanel
- Louis Vuitton
- Prada
- Tiffany & Co
- Gucci
- Burberry
- Jimmy Choo
- Coach
- Ralph Lauren
- Omega
- Hugo Boss
- Miu Miu
Designer Boutique stores:
- 50 Australian and International designer boutique stores.[3]
Past Major stores:
- Buckley & Nunn Department Store 1960, later closed.
- Dickins Supermarket 1960 - 1982
- McEwan's Hardware Store 1985 - September 1997
- BI-LO (renamed to Coles in December 2006) May 1990 - November 2007
- Borders 3 storey flagship. It closed, recently, in mid 2011 and was replaced, on two floors, by Rivers Australia - Clothing & Footwear Merchants.
See also
Notes
- ^ "#4 John Gandel - Forbes.com". Australia's 40 Richest (2009) (forbes.com). 13 May 2009. http://www.forbes.com/lists/2009/78/australia-rich-09_John-Gandel_PNRL.html. Retrieved 20 March 2011.
- ^ http://www.cfsgam.com.au/assetmanagement
- ^ a b c "Centre Information". chadstoneshopping.com.au. http://www.chadstoneshopping.com.au/centreinfo/. Retrieved 20 March 2011.
- ^ Colliers International (February 2, 2011). "Retail bricks to endure challenge from retail clicks". colliers.com.au. http://www.colliers.com.au/News/News-details.aspx?NewsId=%7B33DCC659-58D5-46C8-A637-42DE9E6357BC%7D. Retrieved 20 March 2011.
- ^ "Chadstone Shopping Centre – Chadstone, Victoria". universalconcretepumping.com.au. 2008 [last update]. http://www.universalconcretepumping.com.au/attachments/chadstone_shopping_centre.pdf. Retrieved 20 March 2011.
- ^ a b Power, Emily (18 November 2009). "Chaddy now the biggest". Herald Sun. http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/victoria/chaddy-now-the-biggest/story-e6frf7kx-1225799041511. Retrieved 25 February 2011.
- ^ a b Huston (1999), page 25
- ^ Wolfgang Sievers (1960). "Chadstone Shopping Centre, State Library of Victoria collection". gallery.slv.vic.gov.au. State Library of Victoria. http://gallery.slv.vic.gov.au/image.php?id=802. Retrieved 20 March 2011.
- ^ Premier Postal History. "Post Office List". https://www.premierpostal.com/cgi-bin/wsProd.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=VIC&country=. Retrieved 2008-04-11.
- ^ Huston (1999), page 17
- ^ a b Huston (1999), page 24
- ^ Huston (1999), page 18
- ^ Huston (1999), page 22
- ^ Huston (1999), page 27
- ^ a b Hugh Martin (November 29, 2002). "Knox precinct the biggest, for now". The Age (Melbourne). http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2002/11/28/1038386259015.html. Retrieved 20 March 2011.
- ^ "Chadstone Shopping Centre Stages 20,21,22 & David Jones Fitout". probuild.com.au. http://www.probuild.com.au/projects/chadstone-shopping-centre-stages-202122-david-jones-fitout/. Retrieved 20 March 2011.
- ^ "Chadstone Shopping Centre: A long association". probuild.com.au. http://www.probuild.com.au/projects/chadstone-shopping-centre/. Retrieved 20 March 2011.
- ^ "Chadstone seeks to expand". Melbourne: The Age. 2003-01-21. http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/01/20/1042911327968.html.
- ^ Holly Ife (October 29, 2007). "Chadstone Shopping Centre now the biggest". Herald Sun. heraldsun.com.au. http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/victoria/biggest-mall-of-them-all/story-e6frf7kx-1111114744362. Retrieved 20 March 2011.
- ^ Chadstone Development Forum
- ^ Millar, Royce (2005-12-22). "Chaddy about to get a whole lot bigger, December 22, 2005". Melbourne: The Age. http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/chaddy-about-to-get-a-whole-lot-bigger/2005/12/21/1135032080207.html. Retrieved 2010-08-02.
- ^ Cuthbertson, Kathleen (2009-08-19). "New huge fashion stores opening at Chadstone". The Herald Sun. http://www.news.com.au/heraldsun/story/0,27574,25949536-2862,00.html. Retrieved 2009-08-22.
- ^ a b "Chadstone launches 50 new stores on Saturday". Inside Retailing. http://www.insideretailing.com.au/Latest/tabid/53/ID/6093/Chadstone-launches-50-new-stores-on-Saturday.aspx. Retrieved 2009-08-22.
- ^ http://www.chadstoneshopping.com.au/newsitem.aspx?id=8756
- ^ "CFS's billion-dollar bets". The Sydney Morning Herald. http://www.smh.com.au/business/cfss-billiondollar-bets-20110819-1j2dm.html. Retrieved 2011-08-20.
- ^ a b "Leasing Information". chadstoneshopping.com.au. http://www.chadstoneshopping.com.au/leasing-infomation/. Retrieved 20 March 2011.
- ^ "Chadstone holds top spot amid shopping's big guns". The Sydney Morning Herald. 16 March 2011. http://www.smh.com.au/business/chadstone-holds-top-spot-amid-shoppings-big-guns-20110315-1bvwd.html.
- ^ http://www.smartcompany.com.au/retail/20110317-destination-shopping-still-alive-and-kicking-survey.html
- ^ "Chadstone buses slow, overcrowded". Melbourne: Stonnington Leader. 2010-09-25. http://stonnington-leader.whereilive.com.au/news/story/chadstone-buses-still-slow-overcrowded/. Retrieved 2010-10-27.
References
- Andrew Hutson (May 1999). ""Dream of Jeannie?" The American Origins of the Chadstone Shopping Centre". Fabrications. Volume 9. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/eserv/UQ:23582/n09_017_Hutson.pdf. Retrieved 20 March 2011.
External links
- Chadstone Shopping Centre official website
- Chadstone Development Discussions - Middle Road Redevelopment: Unofficial News & Photos
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