GM Family II engine

The Family II is a straight-4 piston engine that was originally developed by Opel in the early 1970s. It was used in the Opel Ascona and Opel Kadett and their corresponding sister models the Vauxhall Cavalier and Vauxhall Astra. In the US the SOHC engine was available from 1982-1990 including a turbocharged version known as LT3.

Over time, the engine evolved to include many modern features such as DOHC and Gasoline direct injection. Family II has also expanded to include a range of Opel derived 6 cylinder engines. Many General Motors subsidiaries, including Holden, GM do Brasil and recently GM Powertrain have adopted this design. It is also starting to be used in hot rods as an engine swap.

20NE, 20SE, 20SEH, C20NE, C20GET

These engines formed the basis of the modern Family II lineup. Configuration was limited to a single over head cam, and 2 Valves per cylinder (8 valves total). The 20NE served as the base, where later Family II engines evolved.

Common features include:

• Cast iron block
• 6 bolt flywheel
• Aluminum head.
• 1998 cc, 86 mm x 86 mm bore/stroke

Individual differences:

Engine	Power	Torque	Ratio	Engine Management	(Other)
20NE	116 hp (87 kW) @ 5200 rpm	175 N·m (129 lb·ft) @ 2600 rpm	9.2:1	Motronic ML 4.1
20SE	122 hp (91 kW) @ 5400 rpm	175 N·m (129 lb·ft) @ 2600 rpm	10.0:1	Motronic ML 4.1	High compression pistons
20SEH	130 hp (97 kW) @ 5600 rpm	180 N·m (130 lb·ft) @ 4600 rpm	10.0:1	Motronic ML 4.1	High compression pistons; More aggressive camshaft than 20SE
C20NE	115 hp (86 kW) @ 5200 rpm	170 N·m (130 lb·ft) @ 2600 rpm	9.2:1	Motronic 1.5/Motronic 1.5.2	Catalytic converter; Lambda sensor.
C20GET	165 hp (123 kW) @ 5600 rpm	175 N·m (129 lb·ft) @ 4000 rpm	8.0:1	Most likely Motronic 1.5	Turbocharged

A South African derivative of the 20SEH engine was used until 1999 in the Astra/Kadett models featuring 10:1 compression ratio and a Bosch Motronic 1.5.4 engine management system. Quoted power was 95 kW (129 PS; 127 hp) and 180 N·m (130 lb·ft) of torque.

The 2 liter 8v OHC engines is used in the base versions of:

• Opel Calibra
• Opel Astra F
• Opel Omega A-B
• Opel Kadett E
• Opel Ascona C
• Opel Frontera A
• Opel Vectra A-A2-B
• Vauxhall Cavalier
• Vauxhall Astra
• Vauxhall Carlton
• Vauxhall Frontera
• Vauxhall Calibra

20XE, 20XEJ, C20XE, C20LET

The naturally aspirated 16-valve version of the 2.0 L— 1,998 cc (121.9 cu in)—cast iron block engine is the successor to the OHC-engines and a predecessor to the 16-valve Ecotec-line of engines.

This lineup features the same block as the OHC based engines with an 86 mm (3.4 in) bore & stroke and a Cosworth-developed DOHC cylinder head (Cosworth Project KB). The cylinder heads were manufactured by either Cosworth or, at a latter date, Kolbenschmidt. In general, the heads from this lineup are supposed to flow appreciablу better than their Ecotec successors. Power output is rated at 110 kW (150 hp) at 6000 rpm and 196 N·m at 4600 rpm (C20XE) or 156 hp (20XE).

Common features:
-1,998 cc (121.9 cu in); 86 × 86 mm (3.4 × 3.4 in) bore x stroke
-Cast iron block
-Aluminium head
-Aluminium oil pan with cooling fins
-Air mass flow meter
-Knock sensors
-Twin Camshafts
-8 bolt flywheel

20XE
- 157 hp (117 kW)
- 198 N·m (146 lb·ft)
-Compression ratio: 10.8-1
-Engine Management: Bosh Motronic 2.5

C20XE
- 150 bhp (112 kW; 152 PS) @ 6000 rpm
- 196 N·m (145 lb·ft) @ 4600 rpm
-Compression ratio: 10.8-1
-Catalytic converter
-Lambda sensor
-Engine Management: Bosh Motronic 2.8

C20LET
- 204 hp (152 kW) @ 5600 rpm
- 280 N·m (210 lb·ft) @ 2400 rpm
- 102 bhp/litre
-Compression ratio: 9.0-1
-Catalytic converter
-Lambda sensor
-Different camshafts
-Turbo pressure: 0.6 bars (8.7 psi) continuous with a 0.8 bars (12 psi) overboost
-Engine Management: Bosch Motronic M2.7
-The map sensor is built into the ECU.
-Turbo used in the C20LET: KKK16, integral water cooling and oil lubrication.

These engines were used in:

• Opel Kadett GSI 16v
• Opel Vectra 2000
• Opel Vectra GT 16V
• Opel Vectra Turbo
• Opel Calibra Turbo
• Opel Calibra 16V
• Opel Astra GSi 16v
• Opel Astra Irmscher caravan
• Lada 110

The turbocharged version of the C20XE, branded C20LET was also offered in the Opel/Vauxhall Calibra and Vectra Turbo. The C20LET is essentially the same as the C20XE, bar the lower compression, forged Mahle pistons turbocharger, Bosh Motronic M2.7 with a MAP sensor. There are also slight revisions to the block which provide an oil inlet/outlet for the turbocharger.

C25XE

Opel later developed a 2.5 liter V6 engine based on the C20XE's design. The GM 54-Degree V6 engine featured four camshafts and 4 valves per cylinder. The C25XE found use in the V6 Calibra/Vectra A/A2.

- 2,498 cc (152.4 cu in)
- 170 hp (127 kW) @ 6000 rpm
- 226 N·m (167 lb·ft) @ 4200 rpm Engine Management Bosch Motronic 2.8

X20XEV

The first engine Opel branded as Ecotec, a mass-market successor to the C20XE with a Lotus-developed cylinder head. The new cylinder head had a smaller valve angle compared to the older C20XE, which was supposed to give more torque in the lower revs. It is a 1,998 cc (121.9 cu in) naturally aspirated engine with 16 valves and belt driven double overhead camshafts (DOHC). 86 mm (3.4 in) bore and stroke in cast iron OHC-derived cylinder block and aluminium cylinder head. X20XEV was equipped with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) to reduce nitrogen dioxide emissions and air injection reactor (AIR) to speed up the warming up of the catalytic converter and to reduce unburnt hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide. Power 100 kW / 136 hp.

This engine was used in:

• Opel Calibra 94-
• Opel Vectra 94-
• Opel Astra 94-
• Opel Omega 94-

X25XE, X30XE

A GM 54-Degree V6 engine - essentially an Ecotec version of the C25XE. It has similar design features to the X20XEV - particularly the cylinder heads and emission reduction hardware. This engine was used in the Opel Omega B and for the first few years in the C

The X25XE was also used in Later Models of Vectra B from 2000 until 2002. It was to prove popular in Police Vehicles in the UK.

Ecotec

The Ecotec name was adopted in 2000 for the new generation of Family II engines. The name was already used for the Opel GM Family II engine, Family 1 and Family 0 ranges. GM intends this new Ecotec to become its global 4-cylinder, and it has already fully replaced their OHV I4 line.

The Ecotec Family II is a DOHC 4-valve design with an aluminum block and head (L850 for 86 mm bore applications, and L880 for 88 mm bore), designed for displacements from 1.8 to 2.4 L. It was developed by an international team of engineers and technicians from Opel's International Technical Development Center in Rüsselsheim, Germany, GM Powertrain in Pontiac, Michigan, and Saab in Trollhättan, Sweden. Much of the development work on this project was carried out by Lotus Engineering, Hethel, United Kingdom. The engine uses aluminum pistons and cast iron cylinder liners. Vibration is reduced with twin balance shafts.

The current Ecotec line is manufactured in Tonawanda, New York and Kaiserslautern, Germany. Until the discontinuation of Saturn, it was also produced at a plant in Spring Hill, Tennessee.

2.0

LET

Opel/Vauxhall offers a turbocharged version of the 2.0 L—1,998 cc (121.9 cu in)—Ecotec (the Z20LET) in a cast iron block; it features a square 86 millimetres (3.4 in) bore and stroke, 9.5:1 compression, 200 hp (150 kW) and 195 lb·ft (264 N·m) of torque. fuel economy 14.6 L/100 km (16.1 mpg_-US) This engine is used in:

• Opel Astra
• Opel Zafira
• Opel Speedster
• Lotus Europa S

From 2005, the Z20LET engine was revised for the Astra H and Zafira B, to three different model designations, Z20LEL, Z20LER and Z20LEH. The differing designations denote the engine power output, 170 hp, 200 hp and 240 hp. Further revisions to the original design include the deletion of the contrarotating balancer shafts in the 240 hp Z20LEH engine, to reduce mechanical losses.

LK9

Saab B207 engine in a 2008 Saab 9-3 2.0T

This engine is also known as B207 when used by Saab and Z20NET in other countries such as The United Kingdom and Australia.

LK9 is a turbocharged 2.0 L— 1,998 cc (121.9 cu in)—version of the L850 (86mm bore) series ECOTEC utilizing a reinforced sand cast aluminum cylinder head and reinforced internal components. It features an 86 millimetres (3.4 in) bore and stroke and a 9.5:1 compression ratio. Power is 210 horsepower (160 kW) at 5300 rpm and 221 lb·ft (300 N·m) of torque at 2500 rpm. Maximum boost is 12.3 psi (0.85 bar).

• 2003–present Saab 9-3
• 2003–2008 Opel Vectra
• 2006–present Cadillac BLS

Saab 9-3, and Cadillac BLS Variations:

Model	Years	Power	Torque	Turbocharger
1.8t	2002–present	110 kW (150 PS; 148 hp) @ 5500 rpm	240 N·m (180 lb·ft) @ 2000–3500 rpm	Low-pressure
2.0t	2002–2005	129 kW (175 PS; 173 hp) @ 5500 rpm	265 N·m (195 lb·ft) @ 2500–4000 rpm	Mid-pressure (B207L)
2.0T	2002–present	154 kW (209 PS; 207 hp) @ 5300 rpm	300 N·m (220 lb·ft) @ 2500–4000 rpm	High-pressure(B207R)

LNF

Ecotec LNF in a Pontiac Solstice

A turbocharged direct injected (redubbed Spark Ignition Direct Injection) Ecotec was introduced in the 2007 Pontiac Solstice GXP and Saturn Sky Red Line. In these applications, the engine is mounted longitudinally. Displacement is 2.0 L—1,998 cc (121.9 cu in)—with a square 86 millimetres (3.4 in) bore and stroke. Compression is 9.2:1 and maximum boost is 1.4 bar (20.0 psi), delivering 260 hp (190 kW) at 5300 rpm and 260 lb·ft (350 N·m) of torque from 2500–5250 rpm. Engine redline is at 6300 rpm and premium fuel is recommended. The sodium filled exhaust valves were based on technology developed for the Corvette V8 powertrains. The sodium fuses and becomes a liquid at idle, which improves conductivity and draws heat away from the valve face and valve guide towards the stem to be cooled by the engine oil circulating in this area. The camshaft-driven direct injection systems pressurizes the fuel to 31 bar (450 psi) at idle, and up to 155 bar (2,250 psi) at wide-open throttle. The "Gen II" block is similar to the 2.4 L and also features VVT technology. The Gen II block was developed using data from racing programs and computer simulations. The bore walls and bulkheads were strengthened with a weight increase of 1 kg (2.5 pounds). The coolant jackets were expanded to improve heat rejection, resulting in a coolant capacity increase of 0.5 liters.

In December 2008, GM released a Turbo Upgrade Kit for the LNF engine which increases horsepower to 290 hp and torque to up to 340 lb.-ft, depending on the model. The kit retails for $650 and includes remapped engine calibration and upgraded MAP sensors. The kit is covered by the cars' existing GM warranties.^[1]

Unique LNF features^[2] include:

• a twin-scroll turbocharger
• cam-driven high pressure gasoline direct injection fuel system
• dual camshaft continuously variable valve timing
• sodium-filled stainless steel Inconel exhaust valves
• low-friction cast aluminum pistons with oil squirters
• forged steel crankshaft
• forged steel connecting rods
• cast stainless steel exhaust manifold

This engine is used in:

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2007–2009	Opel GT	260 hp (190 kW) @ 5300 rpm	260 lb·ft (353 N·m) @ 2000 rpm
2007–2009	Pontiac Solstice GXP	260 hp (190 kW) @ 5300 rpm	260 lb·ft (353 N·m) @ 2000 rpm
2007–2009	Saturn Sky Red Line	260 hp (190 kW) @ 5300 rpm	260 lb·ft (353 N·m) @ 2000 rpm
2008–2010	Chevrolet HHR SS	260 hp (190 kW) @ 5300 rpm	260 lb·ft (353 N·m) @ 2000 rpm
2008–2010	Chevrolet Cobalt SS	260 hp (190 kW) @ 5300 rpm	260 lb·ft (353 N·m) @ 2000 rpm
2009	Elfin T5
2010	Fisker Karma

LDK

A high-performance version of the LNF. This engine is also known as A20NFT and A20NHT when produced by GM Powertrain Europe.

This engine is used in:

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2009	Opel Insignia	162 kW (220 PS; 217 hp) @ 5300 rpm	350 N·m (258 lb·ft) @ 2500 rpm
2010-Current	Saab 9-5	162 kW (220 PS; 217 hp) @ 5300 rpm	350 N·m (258 lb·ft) @ 2500 rpm
2011	Opel Insignia 4x4	184 kW (250 PS; 247 hp) @5300 rpm	400 N·m (300 lb·ft) @2400-3600 rpm
2012	Opel Astra J OPC	206 kW (280 PS; 276 hp)	400 N·m (300 lb·ft)

LHU

LHU adds E85 flex-fuel capability to the LDK.

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2011	Buick Regal CXL Turbo	220 hp (160 kW) @ 5300 rpm	258 lb·ft (350 N·m) @ 2000 rpm
2011	Saab 9-5 Turbo4	220 hp (160 kW) @ 5300 rpm	258 lb·ft (350 N·m) @ 2000 rpm
2012	Buick Regal GS	270 hp (200 kW)[3]	295 lb·ft (400 N·m) @ 2400 rpm

2.2

L61

Ecotec L61 engine in a Chevrolet Classic (Malibu)

2003 Pontiac Sunfire Ecotec engine

Ecotec L61 installed in a 2003 Chevrolet Cavalier

This engine is also known as a Z22SE in other countries such as The United Kingdom and Australia.

The basic Family II architecture was substantially reengineered in 2000, becoming the Ecotec 2.2, model L61 (or L42 for the CNG version). First appearing in the 2000 Saturn LS1, the L61 spread throughout North American GM products, displacing the Quad 4 and its descendants.

Unlike its notably harsh predecessor, the L61 was designed for smoothness. Dual in-block balance shafts were integral to the design, and all accessories were mounted directly to the engine block to reduce vibration. The oil filter was cast into the block with a removable cover and replaceable paper element.

Displacement for the 2.2 L engine is 2,196 cc (134.0 cu in) with an 86 millimetres (3.4 in) bore and 94.6 millimetres (3.72 in) stroke. Compression is 10:1, delivering 135 to 147 hp (101 to 110 kW) and 142 to 152 lb·ft (193 to 206 N·m) of torque. The Ecotec line is manufactured in Tonawanda, New York and Kaiserslautern, Germany, and was also manufactured for Saturn in Spring Hill, Tennessee until Saturn's discontinuation. The L61-powered Saturn Ion replaced the Saturn-powered Saturn S-Series.

There are a few variations to the standard L61. The new Chevrolet Malibu uses a version with electronic throttle control and a special unitized exhaust manifold and catalytic converter. The 2003 Saturn L-Series has a high output version with higher (10:1) compression and more aggressive camshaft. The Malibu and Saturn versions also use return-less fuel injection. The 2002 Saturn VUE was the first North American variant of the L61 to be equipped with electronic throttle control, whereas other applications did not arise until 2005 in the Saturn ION and Chevrolet Cobalt. The supercharger and inlet manifold from the 2.0 Ecotec engine can be purchased as an official kit from GM and along with modified software in the ECM, can create a 2.2 supercharged version of this engine.

On engines produced before 2007, spark was produced via 2 coils in a cassette that bolted to the top of the valve cover which contained the boots for each spark plug on the bottom of it, eliminating the need for wires. In 2007 the L61 was upgraded with a new Gen II engine block, cylinder head improvements, new camshaft design, E37 engine control module, 58X crankshaft reluctor ring, digital crank and cam sensors, individual coil-on-plug ignition, vented starter solenoid, new MAP sensor, new intake manifold seals, new oil filter element, a 32-bit computer, and improved emissions performance.

The 2.2 L Ecotec is used in the following cars:

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2002–2005	Chevrolet Cavalier	140 hp (100 kW) @ 5600 rpm	150 lb·ft (203 N·m) @ 4000 rpm
2004–2008	Chevrolet Classic (Malibu)	144 hp (107 kW) @ 5600 rpm	155 lb·ft (210 N·m) @ 4000 rpm
2005–2006	Chevrolet Cobalt	145 hp (108 kW) @ 5600 rpm	155 lb·ft (210 N·m) @ 4000 rpm
2007–2008		148 hp (110 kW) @ 5600 rpm	152 lb·ft (206 N·m) @ 4200 rpm
2006	Chevrolet HHR	143 hp (107 kW) @ 5600 rpm	150 lb·ft (203 N·m) @ 4000 rpm
2007–2008	Chevrolet HHR	149 hp (111 kW) @ 5600 rpm	152 lb·ft (206 N·m) @ 4000 rpm
2002–2004	Oldsmobile Alero	140 hp (100 kW) @ 5600 rpm	150 lb·ft (203 N·m) @ 4000 rpm
2002–2005	Pontiac Grand Am	140 hp (100 kW) @ 5600 rpm	150 lb·ft (203 N·m) @ 4000 rpm
2002–2005	Pontiac Sunfire	140 hp (100 kW) @ 5600 rpm	150 lb·ft (203 N·m) @ 4000 rpm
2005–2008	Pontiac G5/Pursuit	145 hp (108 kW) @ 5600 rpm	155 lb·ft (210 N·m) @ 4000 rpm
2003–2005	Saturn L-Series (high output)	140 hp (100 kW) @ 5600 rpm	145 lb·ft (197 N·m) @ 4000 rpm
2003–2007	Saturn Ion	140 hp (100 kW) @ 5600 rpm	145 lb·ft (197 N·m) @ 4000 rpm
2002–2007	Saturn VUE	143 hp (107 kW) @ 5600 rpm	155 lb·ft (210 N·m) @ 4000 rpm
2001–2005	Vauxhall VX220/Opel Speedster	147 hp (110 kW) @ 5800 rpm	150 lb·ft (203 N·m) @ 4000 rpm
	Opel/Vauxhall/Holden Astra
	Opel/Vauxhall/Holden Vectra
	Opel/Vauxhall/Holden Zafira/Subaru Traviq

Following the GM-Fiat agreement, the 2.2 L engine is also used in

• Fiat Croma unmodified
• Alfa Romeo 159 heavy modified

DI

A high-end direct injection version of the 2.2 L Ecotec is available for:

• Opel Vectra
• Opel Signum

A high-end direct injected 2.4 L Ecotec is available for the 2010 Chevy Equinox (see below: LAF). This engine makes 180 hp (130 kW; 180 PS) and 172 ft·lbf (233 N·m) of torque, partly due to an 11.4:1 compression ratio.^[4]

In the UK, the 2.2 litre `Direct' Z22YH petrol engine was fitted to the Signum range, before the car was discontinued in circa 2008. With this engine, 36-37 mpg (UK gallon) could be returned, cruising gently at 70 mph (approx!) on the congested UK Motorway network; around town 29-30 mpg is possible even with an auto box. The engine delivers 155 horsepower, and is refined for a 4 cylinder. However, there have been problems with the high pressure injection fuel pump and especially the high pressure fuel regulator, which has been the subject of a recall.

L42

The Ecotec 2.2, model L42 is the CNG version of the Ecotec 2.2. It delivers 129 hp (96 kW) and 129 lb·ft (175 N·m).

LSJ

Ecotec LSJ engine in a 2006 Saturn Ion Red Line

The LSJ is a supercharged version of the LK9 Ecotec with an Eaton M62 Roots-type supercharger and air-to-liquid intercooler. It is rated at 205 hp (153 kW) at 5600 rpm and 200 lb·ft (271 N·m) at 4400 rpm with a compression ratio of 9.5:1 and a 6500 rpm redline. With the end of the Chevy Cobalt S/C SS and Saturn Ion Red Line, the LSJ was discontinued after 2007.

The LSJ was on the Ward's 10 Best Engines list for 2006.

This engine is used in:

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2004–2007	Saturn Ion Red Line	205 hp (153 kW) @ 5600 rpm	200 lb·ft (271 N·m) @ 4400 rpm
2005–2007	Chevrolet Cobalt SS Supercharged Coupe	205 hp (153 kW) @ 5600 rpm	200 lb·ft (271 N·m) @ 4400 rpm

LAP

The LAP is a 2.2 L—2,189 cc (133.6 cu in)—version of the Ecotec, based on the Gen II block. Bore and stroke are 86 mm (3.4 in) and 94.6 mm (3.72 in), the same as the 2.2 L L61. Compression ratio is 10.0:1. Major features that set it apart from the 2.2 L L61 are variable-valve-timing and other cylinder head improvements from the 2.4 L LE5.

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2009–2010	Chevrolet Cobalt	155 hp (116 kW) @ 6100 rpm	150 lb·ft (203 N·m) @ 4900 rpm
2009	Pontiac G5	155 hp (116 kW) @ 6100 rpm	150 lb·ft (203 N·m) @ 4900 rpm

LE8

The LE8 is an E85 compatible 2.2 L—2,189 cc (133.6 cu in)—version of the LAP Ecotec. Bore and stroke remain the same 86 mm (3.4 in) and 94.6 mm (3.72 in). Compression ratio is 10.0:1 and the engine can run on both regular unleaded gasoline or E85.

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2009–2011	Chevrolet HHR	155 hp (116 kW) @ 6100 rpm (gasoline)	150 lb·ft (203 N·m) @ 4800 rpm (gasoline)
		160 hp (120 kW) @ 6000 rpm (E85)	158 lb·ft (214 N·m) @ 4600 rpm (E85)

2.4

LE5

Ecotec LE5 engine in a 2006 Pontiac Solstice

The LE5 is a larger 2.4 L—2,376 cc (145.0 cu in)—version of the Ecotec. Both the 88 mm (3.5 in) bore and 98 mm (3.9 in) stroke are larger, and Variable Valve Timing on the intake and exhaust improve low-end torque. Compression is 10.4:1. Power is 164-177 hp (123-132 kW) and torque is 159-170 lb·ft (215-230 N·m). The engine uses a reinforced "Gen II" block.

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2006–2007	Chevrolet Cobalt SS	173 hp (129 kW) @ 6200 rpm	163 lb·ft (221 N·m) @ 4800 rpm
2008	Chevrolet Cobalt Sport	171 hp (128 kW) @ 6200 rpm	167 lb·ft (226 N·m) @ 4800 rpm
2006–2008	Chevrolet HHR	175 hp (130 kW)	165 lb·ft (224 N·m)
2006–2008	Pontiac G5/Pursuit	171 hp (128 kW) @ 5800 rpm	167 lb·ft (226 N·m) @ 4500 rpm
2006–2009	Pontiac G6	169 hp (126 kW) @ 6300 rpm	162 lb·ft (220 N·m) @ 4500 rpm
2006–2009	Pontiac Solstice	173 hp (129 kW) @ 5800 rpm	164 lb·ft (222 N·m) @ 4500 rpm
2006–2009	Saturn Sky	173 hp (129 kW) @ 5800 rpm	166 lb·ft (225 N·m) @ 4800 rpm
2006–2007	Saturn Ion	175 hp (130 kW) @ 6200 rpm	164 lb·ft (222 N·m) @ 4800 rpm
2008–2009	Saturn Aura	169 hp (126 kW)	162 lb·ft (220 N·m)
2008–2012	Chevrolet Malibu	169 hp (126 kW)	162 lb·ft (220 N·m)
2008–2009	Saturn Vue	169 hp (126 kW) @ 6200 rpm	161 lb·ft (218 N·m) @ 5100 rpm

The LE5 is also used in the following overseas models:

• 2006 GM Taiwan Buick LaCrosse
• 2006 Shanghai GM Buick LaCrosse

LAT

The LAT is the designation used for the 2.4 L LE5 when used in GM's mild hybrid vehicles.

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2007–2009	Saturn Aura Green Line Hybrid	164 hp (122 kW) @ 6400 rpm	159 lb·ft (216 N·m) @ 5000 rpm
2007	Saturn Vue Green Line Hybrid	170 hp (130 kW) @ 6600 rpm	162 lb·ft (220 N·m) @ 4200 rpm
2008	Saturn Vue Green Line Hybrid	172 hp (128 kW) @ 6500 rpm	167 lb·ft (226 N·m) @ 4500 rpm
2008–2009	Chevrolet Malibu Hybrid	164 hp (122 kW) @ 6400 rpm	159 lb·ft (216 N·m) @ 5000 rpm

LE9

The LE9 is an E85 compatible version of the 2.4 L—2,384 cc (145.5 cu in)—LE5 Ecotec. Bore and stroke are 88 mm (3.5 in) and 98 mm (3.9 in) and has a compression ratio of 10.4:1, the same as the LE5.

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2009–2011	Chevrolet HHR	172 hp (128 kW) @ 5800 rpm (gasoline)	167 lb·ft (226 N·m) @ 4500 rpm (gasoline)
		176 hp (131 kW) @ 5800 rpm (E85)	170 lb·ft (230 N·m) @ 5000 rpm (E85)
2010–2012	Chevrolet Malibu (fleet only)	175 hp (130 kW) @ 5800 rpm (E85)	170 lb·ft (230 N·m) @ 5000 rpm (E85)

LAF

The LAF is a direct injected 2.4 L. It uses technology based on GM’s other four-cylinder direct injection applications, but with unique features designed for its specific application. This includes an 11.4:1 compression ratio that helps build power, slightly dished pistons that increase combustion efficiency and injectors with an application-specific flow rate.^[5]

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2010–2011	Chevrolet Equinox GMC Terrain	182 hp (136 kW) @ 6700 rpm (gasoline)	172 lb·ft (233 N·m) @ 4900 rpm (gasoline)
2010–2011	Buick LaCrosse	182 hp (136 kW) @ 6700 rpm	172 lb·ft (233 N·m) @ 4900 rpm
2011	Buick Regal	182 hp (136 kW) @ 6700 rpm	172 lb·ft (233 N·m) @ 4900 rpm

LEA

The LEA is similar to the LE9, with E85 capability and the same bore and stroke, but with a compression ratio of 11.2:1. It adds direct injection and electronic throttle control.

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2012	Buick Regal	182 hp (136 kW) @ 6700 rpm	172 lb·ft (233 N·m) @ 4900 rpm
2012	Buick Verano[6]	180 hp (134 kW) @ 6700 rpm	171 lb·ft (232 N·m) @ 4900 rpm
2012	Chevrolet Captiva Sport	182 hp (136 kW) @ 6700 rpm	172 lb·ft (233 N·m) @ 4900 rpm
2012	Chevrolet Equinox GMC Terrain	182 hp (136 kW) @ 6700 rpm	172 lb·ft (233 N·m) @ 4900 rpm

LUK

The LUK is similar to the LAF, but adds the eAssist mild-hybrid system.

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2012	Buick LaCrosse	182 hp (136 kW) @ 6700 rpm	172 lb·ft (233 N·m) @ 4900 rpm
2012	Buick Regal	182 hp (136 kW) @ 6700 rpm	172 lb·ft (233 N·m) @ 4900 rpm
2013	Chevrolet Malibu ECO	182 hp (136 kW) @ 6700 rpm	172 lb·ft (233 N·m) @ 4900 rpm

D-TEC/E-TEC II

Holden makes various Family II engines for GM India and GM Daewoo at its Melbourne plant. Variations include displacements from 1.8 L to 2.4 L. Unlike the Ecotec engines, the block is made of iron.

L34

This is the 2.0 L—1,998 cc (121.9 cu in)—variant of the engines, featuring an 86 mm (3.4 in) bore and 86 mm (3.4 in) stroke. Power is 119 hp (89 kW) at 5400 rpm and torque is 126 lb·ft (171 N·m).

The engine has been used on following vehicles:

• Chevrolet Optra
• Chevrolet Evanda
• Suzuki Reno
• Suzuki Forenza

Other models

• 1.8 L - Chevrolet Lacetti, Chevrolet Nubira, Chevrolet Rezzo
• C24SE, *2.4 L SOHC - Isuzu Rodeo
• 2.4 L DOHC - Chevrolet Captiva, Opel Antara

GM do Brasil

General Motors do Brasil specializes in older SOHC FlexPower (alcohol and petrol powered) iron block engines.

• X20XE—2.0 L SFI SOHC 8V FlexPower
• X24XF—2.4 L MPFI SOHC 8V FlexPower
• X24SFD—2.4 L SFI DOHC 16V FlexPower

In 2004, a 2.0 L MultiPower engine was made available for the taxi market which could use gasoline, alcohol and natural gas.

A 2.0 L FlexPower engine is available for the current Chevrolet Astra and Vectra. The 2006 Chevrolet Vectra also received a 2.4 L 16V FlexPower engine.

Ariel Atom

In late 2005 Brammo Motorsports struck a deal with GM for a Supercharged 2.0 L Ecotec for their Ariel Atom. The engine came in various ratings from 205 hp (153 kW) to 300 hp (220 kW). Jay Leno received the very first Atom for commercial sale in the US by Brammo.

See also

• GM 122 engine
• GM Family 1 engine
• GM Family 0 engine
• List of GM engines

Notes

1. ^ http://www.autoblog.com/2008/12/18/gm-releases-turbo-upgrade-kit-for-solstice-gxp-sky-redline-and/
2. ^ "Big Power, Small Package". AutoWeek. http://autoweek.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060403/FREE/60403004/1024/LATESTNEWS. Retrieved April 4, 2006. 
3. ^ http://www.autoweek.com/article/20110615/CARNEWS/110619914
4. ^ Roth, Dan (2008-12-17). "DI FTW: GM unveils new direct-injection 2.4 L EcoTec and 3.0 L V6". autoblog.com. http://www.autoblog.com/2008/12/18/di-ftw-gm-new-direct-inject-2-4l-ecotec-and-3-0l-v6. Retrieved 2008-12-17. 
5. ^ http://www.gminsidenews.com/forums/f63/naias-09-2010-ecotec-2-4l-sidi-73038/
6. ^ http://media.gm.com/content/media/us/en/news/news_detail.brand_gm.html/content/Pages/news/us/en/2011/Jan/0106_gm_verano

References

• Larry Webster. "Getting Rid of the H-Word". Car and Driver (May 2000): 93. 

External links

• http://media.gm.com/us/powertrain/en/product_services/2008/08car.htm