Allium chinense

Allium chinense
This article is about a plant with the Japanese name Rakkyo. For the film series, see Kara no Kyoukai.
Allium chinense
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Plantae
clade: Angiosperms
clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily: Allioideae
Genus: Allium
Species: A. chinense
Binomial name
Allium chinense
G.Don.[1][2]
Synonyms

Allium bakeri Regel
Allium bodinieri H.Lév. & Vaniot
Allium martini H.Lév. & Vaniot
Allium splendens Miq. nom. illeg.
Caloscordum exsertum Herb.

List sources : [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]

Allium chinense (commonly known as, variously Chinese onion, Chinese scallion, Japanese scallion, and Oriental onion)[2] is an edible species of wild onion in the Amaryllis family. It is known by these other names in other languages: in Japanese: ラッキョウ (rakkyō), also written as 辣韮, 辣韭, or 薤; in Chinese: 薤 (xiè) or 藠头 (jiàotou); in Vietnamese: củ kiệu.

Contents

Distribution

Allium chinense is a wild native to China (in Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, and Zhejiang provinces) where it is also deliberately planted, but is cultivated in many other parts Asia (Cambodia, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam) and outside of Asia in Cuba and the US (in California and Hawaii).[2]

Uses

Culinary

Owing to its very mild and "fresh" taste A. chinense is often pickled and served as a side dish in Japan and Vietnam, to balance the stronger flavor of some other component in a meal. For example, in Japanese cuisine it is eaten with sushi (to balance the saltiness of soy sauce that the sushi is sometimes dipped in) or with Japanese curry (to balance the spiciness).

In Vietnam, pickled A. chinense is often served during Tết (Vietnamese New Year).

Medicinal

Allium chinense is used as a folk medicine in tonics to help the intestines, and as a stomachic.[13]

References

Note: some synonyms have multiple references. This is because not all pertinant information is always found at a single site, requiring multiple links for one name.
  1. ^  Allium chinense is first described and named in Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society 6: 83. 1827. > "Name - Allium chinense G.Don". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.tropicos.org/Name/18400411>. Retrieved May 12, 2011. 
  2. ^ a b c  GRIN (May 12, 2011). "Allium chinense information from NPGS/GRIN". Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?101417. Retrieved Month day, year. 
  3. ^  "Name - Allium chinense G.Don - synonyms". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.tropicos.org/Name/18400411?tab=synonyms. Retrieved May 12, 2011. 
  4. ^  Allium bakeri was first published in Alliorum Adhuc Cognitorum Monographia 141. 1875. "Name - Allium bakeri Regel". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.tropicos.org/Name/18406733. Retrieved May 12, 2011. 
  5. ^  Allium bodinieri was first published in Leveille, Liliac. &c. Chine 38 (1905). "Name - Allium bodinieri H.Lév. & Vaniot". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.tropicos.org/Name/50181653. Retrieved May 12, 2011. 
  6. ^  "Plant Name Details for Allium bodinieri". IPNI. http://www.ipni.org:80/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=527694-1. Retrieved May 12, 2011. 
  7. ^  Allium martini was first published in Leveille, Liliac. &c. Chine 38 (1905). "Name - Allium martini H.Lév. & Vaniot". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.tropicos.org/Name/50181654. Retrieved May 12, 2011. 
  8. ^  "Plant Name Details for Allium martini". IPNI. http://www.ipni.org:80/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=528390-1. Retrieved May 12, 2011. 
  9. ^ Allium splendens Miq. was first published in Annales Musei Botanici Lugduno-Batavi. Amsterdam. 3: 154. 1867. "Allium splendens Miq.". The Plant List, Version 1. (published on the internet). 2010. http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl/record/kew-296650. Retrieved May 13, 2011. 
  10. ^   "Name - Allium splendens Miq.". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.tropicos.org/Name/100144800. Retrieved May 12, 2011. 
  11. ^  "Plant Name Details for Allium splendens". IPNI. http://www.ipni.org:80/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=528899-1. Retrieved May 13, 2011. 
  12. ^  Caloscordum exsertum was first published in Edwards's Botanical Register; or, Flower Garden and Shrubbery. London 33: sub t. 5. 1847. (1905). "Name - Caloscordum exsertum Herb.". Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.tropicos.org/Name/18406732. Retrieved May 12, 2011. 
  13. ^ James A. Duke. "Allium chinense (LILIACEAE)". Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/duke/ethnobot.pl?ethnobot.taxon=Allium%20chinense. Retrieved May 13, 2011. 

External links

See also

Media related to Allium chinense at Wikimedia Commons

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