List of English words of Sanskrit origin

This is a list of English words of Sanskrit origin. Many of these words were not directly borrowed from Sanskrit. The meanings of some words have changed slightly after being borrowed.

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A

; Aditya : from Sanskrit "āditya", the Vedic sun god. [ [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/aditya Dictionary.com - Aditya] ] ; Agni : from Sanskrit "Agnih", which means "fire". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/46/A0144600.html American Heritage Dictionary - Agni] ] ; Ahimsa : from Sanskrit "ahimsā", which means "not-harmful". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/24/A0152400.html American Heritage Dictionary - Ahimsa] ] ; Ambarella : through Sinhalese ultimately from Sanskrit, a kind of tree. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/14/A0241400.html American Heritage Dictionary - Ambarella] ] ; Amrita : from Sanskrit "amrtam", nectar of everlasting life. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/80/A0268000.html American Heritage Dictionary - Amrita] ] ; Aniline : through German, French and Portuguese from Arabic "al-nili", ultimately from Sanskrit "nili". [ [http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/aniline Merriam-Webster Online - Aniline] ] ; Annapurna : from Sanskrit, consort of Shiva and an aspect of Devi. [ [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/annapurna Dictionary.com - Annapurna] ] ; Arya : from Sanskrit "ārya". [ [http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/arya Merriam-Webster Online - Arya] ] ; Aryan : from Latin "Ariana", from Greek "Aria", ultimately from Sanskrit "Arya-s" "noble, honorable". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Aryan Online Etymology Dictionary - Aryan] ] ; Asana : from Sanskrit "āsanam" which means "seat", a term describing yoga postures. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/9/A0450950.html American Heritage Dictionary - Asana] ] ; Ashram : ultimately from Sanskrit "āsramah", a religious hermitage. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/99/A0459900.html American Heritage Dictionary - Ashram] ] ; Asura : from Sanskrit "a-sura", which means "negation of "sura" [god] ", ie someone who have demonish qualities or someone who is against God . [ [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/asura Dictionary.com - Asura] ] ; Atoll : through Maldivean probably ultimately from Sanskrit "antala". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/18/A0501800.html American Heritage Dictionary - Atoll] ] ; Aubergine : from Catalan "alberginera", via Arabic ("al-badinjan") and Persian ("badin-gan") ultimately from Sanskrit "vātinganah". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=aubergine Online Etymology Dictionary - Aubergine] ] ; Avatar : from Sanskrit "avatarana", which means "descent". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Avatar Online Etymology Dictionary - Avatar] ] ; Ayurveda : from Sanskrit "āyurvedah", which means "knowledge of life". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/89/A0558950.html American Heritage Dictionary - Ayurveda] ]

B

; Bandana : from Hindi "bandhnu", ultimately from Sanskrit "badhnati", "binds". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Bandana Online Etymology Dictionary - Bandana] ] ; Banyan : from Sanskrit "vanija", which means "a merchant". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=banyan Online Etymology Dictionary - Banyan] ] ; Basmati : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "vāsah". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/39/B0103950.html American Heritage Dictionary - Basmati rice] ] ; Bahuvrihi : from Sanskrit "bahuvrīhih", a composite word. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/84/B0028450.html American Heritage Dictionary - Bahuvrihi] ] ; Beryl : from Old French "beryl", via Latin, Greek and Prakrit ("veruliya") ultimately from Sanskrit "vaidurya-", of Dravidian origin, maybe from the name of Belur. [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=beryl Online Etymology Dictionary - Beryl] ] ; Bhagavad-Gita : from Sanskrit, which means "song of the sublime". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Bhagavad-Gita Online Etymology Dictionary - Bhagavad-Gita] ] ; Bhagavata : from Sanskrit, one loyal to Bhagavat. [ [http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/bhagavata Merriam-Webster Online - Bhagavata] ] ; Bhakti : from Sanskrit "bhakti", which means "loyalty". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/36/B0223600.html American Heritage Dictionary - Bhakti] ] ; Bhang : from Hindi "bhang", which is from Sanskrit "bhangah" "hemp". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=bhang Online Etymology Dictionary - Bhang] ] ; Bharata : from Sanskrit "bhārata". [ [http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/bharata Merriam-Webster Online - Bharata] ] ; Bidi : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "vītikam". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/45/B0234550.html American Heritage Dictionary - Bidi] ] ; Brahma : from Sanskrit "brahmā", which means "a prayer". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/60/B0446000.html American Heritage Dictionary - Brahma] ] ; Brahman : from Sanskrit "brāhmana". [ [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/brahman Dictionary.com - Brahman] ] ; Brahmin : from Sanskrit "brahmana-s", from "brahman". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Brahmin Online Etymology Dictionary - Brahmin] ] ; Brinjal : from Persian "badingān", probably from Sanskrit "vātingana". [ [http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/brinjal Merriam-Webster Online - Brinjal] ] ; Buddha : from Sanskrit "buddha", which means "awakened, enligtened", one who was enlightened with the principles of Buddha, this entry does not refer to the founder of Buddhism. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/94/B0529400.html American Heritage Dictionary - Buddha] ]

C

; Candy : from Old French "sucre candi", via Arabic and Persian probably ultimately from Sanskrit "khanda" "sugar", perhaps from Dravidian. [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Candy Online Etymology Dictionary - Candy] ] ; Carmine : from French "carmin", via Middle Latin from Arabic "qirmiz" "crimson", which is from Sanskrit "krimiga". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Carmine Online Etymology Dictionary - Carmine] ] ; Cash : from Portuguese "caixa", from Tamil "kAcu", which is from Sanskrit "karsha", a weight of gold or silver. This is the proper noun related with the miscellaneous coins of small value, common noun "cash" is not of Sanskrit origin. [ [http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/cash Merriam-Webster Online - Cash] ] ; Cashmere : from Kashmir, the Himalayan region where this wool is from. [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Cashmere Online Etymology Dictionary - Cashmere] ] ; Chador : through Urdu and Persian ultimately from Sanskrit "chattram". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/28/C0222800.html American Heritage Dictionary - Chador] ] ; Chakra : from Sanskrit "cakra", which means "a circle, a wheel". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Chakra Online Etymology Dictionary - Chakra] ] ; Champac : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "campaka", an evergreen tree. [ [http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/champac Merriam-Webster Online - Champac] ] ; Cheetah : from Hindi "chita" "a leopard", from Sanskrit "chitraka", which means "speckled". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Cheetah Online Etymology Dictionary - Cheetah] ] ; Chintz : from Hindi "chint", which is from Sanskrit "chitra-s" "clear, bright". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=chintz Online Etymology Dictionary - Chintz] ] ; Chit : from Hindi "chitthi" "a letter, note", which is from Sanskrit "chitra-s" "uniquely marked". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=chit Online Etymology Dictionary - Chit] ] ; Chuddar : through Urdu ultimately from Sanskrit "chattram". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/47/C0344700.html American Heritage Dictionary - Chuddar] ] ; Chukar : via Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "cakorah". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/54/C0345400.html American Heritage Dictionary - Chukar] ] ; Chukker : from Hindi "chakkar", from Sanskrit "cakra", "a circle, a wheel". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=chukker Online Etymology Dictionary - Chukker] ] ; Citipati : from Sanskrit "citi-pati", which means "a funeral pyre lord". [ [http://www.dinosauria.com/dml/names/dinoc.htm Dinosauria.com - Citipati] ] ; Cot : from Hindi "khat" "a couch", which is from Sanskrit "khatva". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=cot Online Etymology Dictionary - Cot] ] ; Cowrie : from Hindi and Urdu "kauri", which is from Sanskrit "kaparda", probably related to Tamil. [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=cowrie Online Etymology Dictionary - Cowrie] ] ; Crimson : from Old Spanish "cremesin", via Middle Latin from Arabic "qirmiz" "a kermes", which is ultimately from Sanskrit "krmi-ja". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Crimson Online Etymology Dictionary - Crimson] ]

D

; Dahl : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "dalah", meaning cotyledon of a pea pod, a type of Indian food, also refers to lentil in the US. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/67/D0006700.html American Heritage Dictionary - Dahl] ] ; Das : from Sanskrit "daasa", a Hindu slave or servant. [ [http://unabridged.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/unabridged?va=das Merriam-Webster Unabridged - Das] ] ; Datura : through Latin and Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "dhattūrāh", a kind of flowering plant. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/71/D0037100.html American Heritage Dictionary - Datura] ] ; Deodar : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "devadāru", a kind of tree. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/87/D0138700.html American Heritage Dictionary - Deodar] ] ; Deva, Diva : from Sanskrit "deva", which means "a god" and from Latin "Deus" or "Divus" that means "Deity (God)". Diva means day like in divakara, sun who makes the day. [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Deva Online Etymology Dictionary - Deva] ] ; Devi : from Sanskrit "devi", which means "a goddess". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/89/D0178900.html American Heritage Dictionary - Devi] ] ; Dharma : from Sanskrit, which means "law, justice". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=dharma Online Etymology Dictionary - Dharma] ] ; Dhoti : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "dhūnoti", traditional garment of men's wear in India. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/2/D0190200.html American Heritage Dictionary - Dhoti] ] ; Dinghy : from Hindi "dingi" "a tiny boat", probably from Sanskrit "drona-m". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=dinghy Online Etymology Dictionary - Dinghy] ]

E

; Emerald : from Latin "smaragdus", via Greek ultimately from Semitic or from Sanskrit "marakata", "emerald". [ [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/emerald Dictionary.com - Emerald] ] [ [http://www.forward.com/articles/a-long-linguistic-chase/ Jewish Daily Forward - Emerald] ]

F

; Falafel : from Arabic, perhaps ultimately from Sanskrit "pippalī". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/94/F0019400.html American Heritage Dictionary - Falafel] ]

G

; Ganesh : via Hindi "Gaŋeś" ultimately from Sanskrit "Gaŋeśa". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/46/G0034650.html American Heritage Dictionary - Ganesh] ] ; Ganja : via Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "gāñjyā", which means "of hemp". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/71/G0037100.html American Heritage Dictionary - Ganja] ] ; Gaur : via Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "gaurah". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/23/G0062300.html American Heritage Dictionary - Gaur] ] ; Gavial : through French and Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "ghantikah", a kind of crocodile. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/38/G0063800.html American Heritage Dictionary - Gavial] ] ; Gayal : perhaps ultimately from Sanskrit "gauh" via Bengali, a kind of animal. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/48/G0064800.html American Heritage Dictionary - Gayal] ] ; Gharry : perhaps finally from Sanskrit "gartah" via Hindi, a kind of vehicle. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/11/G0111150.html American Heritage Dictionary - Gharry] ] ; Ghee : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "ghritam". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/17/G0111700.html American Heritage Dictionary - Ghee] ] ; Ginger : from Middle Latin "gingiber" via Latin and Greek from Prakrit "singabera", ultimately from Sanskrit "srngaveram", which means "body of a horn", perhaps a Sanskrit folk etymology, an ancient Dravidian etymology is probable. [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=ginger Online Etymology Dictionary - Ginger] ] ; Guar : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "gopālī", an annual legume. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/65/G0296500.html American Heritage Dictionary - Guar] ] ; Gunny : via Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "goni" "sack". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=gunny Online Etymology Dictionary - Gunny] ] ; Gupta : from Sanskrit "goptri", the name of a Hindu dynasty. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/90/G0319025.html American Heritage Dictionary - Gupta] ] ; Gurkha : via Nepalese ultimately from Sanskrit "goraksah", "a cowherd". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/93/G0319300.html American Heritage Dictionary - Gurkha] ] ; Guru : via Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "guru-s", which means "a teacher". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Guru Online Etymology Dictionary - Guru] ]

H

; Hanuman : through Hindi from Sanskrit "Hanuman", a kind of small monkey, Hindu mythological God. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/29/H0052900.html American Heritage Dictionary - Hanuman] ] ; Hare Krishna : from Sanskrit "Hare" and "Krishna". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/44/H0064400.html American Heritage Dictionary - Hare Krishna] ] ; Himalaya : from Sanskrit "himalayah", which means "place of snow". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Himalaya Online Etymology Dictionary - Himalaya] ] ; Hindi : from Hindi "Hind", via Persian "Hindu" "Sind" ultimately from Sanskrit "sindhu", which means "a river". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/85/H0208500.html American Heritage Dictionary - Hindi] ] ; Hindu : via Persian "Hindu" ultimately from Sanskrit "sindhu", which means "a river". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Hindu Online Etymology Dictionary - Hindu] ]

I

; Indra : a prominent Vedic god, in charge of rain and thunder. [ [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/indra Dictionary.com - Indra] ]

J

; Jackal : from Turkish "çakal", from Persian "shaghal", from Middle Indic "shagal", ultimately from Sanskrit "srgalah" "the howler". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Jackal Online Etymology Dictionary - Jackal] ] ; Jaggery : via Portuguese perhaps ultimately from Sanskrit "sarkara". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/93/J0009300.html American Heritage Dictionary - Jaggery] ] ; Jain or Jaina : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "jaina", which means "concerning the saints". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/8/J0010800.html American Heritage Dictionary - Jain] ] ; Jungle : through Hindi "jangal" "a desert, forest" ultimately from Sanskrit "jangala-s", which means "arid". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Jungle Online Etymology Dictionary - Jungle] ] ; Juggernaut : through Hindi "jagannath" ultimately from Sanskrit "jagat-natha-s", which means "lord of the world". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Juggernaut Online Etymology Dictionary - Juggernaut] ] ; Jute : via Bengali "jhuto" ultimately from Sanskrit "juta-s", which means "twisted hair". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Jute Online Etymology Dictionary - Jute] ]

K

; Kali : from Sanskrit "kali". [ [http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/kali Merriam-Webster Online - Kali] ] ; Kama Sutra : from Sanskrit "Kāma Sutra", which means "kāma" "desire" and sutra. [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Kama+Sutra Online Etymology Dictionary - Kama Sutra] ] ; Karma : from Sanskrit "karman", which means "work, fate". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Karma Online Etymology Dictionary - Karma] ] ; Kedgeree : probably ultimately from Sanskrit "krśarah". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/74/K0027400.html American Heritage Dictionary - Kedgeree] ] ; Kermes : perhaps ultimately from Sanskrit via French and Arabic. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/8/K0040800.html American Heritage Dictionary - Kermes] ] ; Kos : through Hindi "kos" ultimately from Sanskrit "krosah", which means "a call, a shout". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=kos Online Etymology Dictionary - Kos] ] ; Krait : through Hindi probably ultimately from Sanskrit, a kind of snake. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/70/K0107000.html American Heritage Dictionary - Krait] ] ; Krishna : from Sanskrit "krshnah", which means "black one", an avatar of Vishnu. [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Krishna Online Etymology Dictionary - Krishna] ]

L

; Lac : through Persian and Hindi "lakh" from Prakrit "lakkha", ultimately from Sanskrit "laksha". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=lac Online Etymology Dictionary - Lac] ] ; Lacquer : through French and Portuguese from Arabic "lakk", via Prakrit ultimately from Sanskrit "laksha". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/93/L0009300.html American Heritage Dictionary - Lacquer] ] ; Langur : through Hindi probably ultimately from Sanskrit "langūlam". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/23/L0042300.html American Heritage Dictionary - Langur] ] ; Lilac : via Arabic "lilak" from Persian "nilak" meaning "bluish", ultimately from Sanskrit "nila", which means "dark blue". [ [http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/lilac Merriam-Webster Online - Lilac] ] ; Loot : ultimately from Sanskrit "lota-m" through Hindi, which means "a booty, stolen thing". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Loot Online Etymology Dictionary - Loot] ]

M

; Mahabharata : from Sanskrit "Mahābhāratam", great story of the Bhāratas. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/68/M0036825.html American Heritage Dictionary - Mahabharata] ] ; Maharajah : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "maha-rājān", which means "a great king". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Maharajah Online Etymology Dictionary - Maharajah] ] ; Maharani : through Hindi finally from Sanskrit "mahārājnī", which means "consort of a maharajah". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/73/M0037300.html American Heritage Dictionary - Maharani] ] ; Maharishi : from Sanskrit "maha-rishi", which means "a great sage". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=maharishi Online Etymology Dictionary - Maharishi] ] ; Mahatma : from Sanskrit "mahatman", which means "a great breath, soul". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=mahatma Online Etymology Dictionary - Mahatma] ] ; Mahayana : from Sanskrit "maha-yana", which means "a great vehicle". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Mahayana Online Etymology Dictionary - Mahayana] ] ; Mahout : via Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "mahāmātrah". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/84/M0038465.html American Heritage Dictionary - Mahout] ] ; Mandala : from Sanskrit "mandala", which means "a disc, circle". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Mandala Online Etymology Dictionary - Mandala] ] ; Mandarin : via Malay and Hindi "mantri" "a councillor" ultimately from Sanskrit "mantri", which means "an advisor". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=mandarin Online Etymology Dictionary - Mandarin] ] ; Mantra : from Sanskrit "mantra-s" which means "a holy message or text". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Mantra Online Etymology Dictionary - Mantra] ] ; Maratha : from Sanskrit "Maharastra", which means "a great country". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Maratha Online Etymology Dictionary - Maratha] ] ; Marut : from Sanskrit, a group of storm gods, sons of Rudra. [ [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/marut Dictionary.com - Marut] ] ; Maya : from Sanskrit "māyā", a religious term related with illusion. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/35/M0163500.html American Heritage Dictionary - Maya] ] ; Meerkat : from Dutch "meerkat", or probably through Hindi "markat" ultimately from Sanskrit "markata" meaning "an ape". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=meerkat Online Etymology Dictionary - Meerkat] ] ; Mitra : from Sanskrit "Mitrah", which means "a friend". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/14/M0351450.html American Heritage Dictionary - Mitra] ] ; Moksha : from Sanskrit "moksha", liberation from the cycle of death and rebirth. [ [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/moksha Dictionary.com - Moksha] ] ; Mugger : via Hindi and Urdu ultimately from Sanskrit "makara", like a crocodile, which attacks stealthily. [ [http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/mugger Merriam-Webster Online - Mugger] ] ; Mung bean : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "mudgah", a kind of bean. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/35/M0483500.html American Heritage Dictionary - Mung bean] ] ; Musk : via Late Latin and Late Greek "moskhos" from Persian "mushk", ultimately from Sanskrit "muska-s" meaning "a testicle". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Musk Online Etymology Dictionary - Musk] ] ; Mynah : through Hindi "maina" ultimately from Sanskrit "madana-s", which means "love". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=mynah Online Etymology Dictionary - Mynah] ]

N

; Nainsook : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "nayanam-sukh", a kind of fabric. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/55/N0005500.html American Heritage Dictionary - Nainsook] ] ; Namaste : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "namas-te", which means "bowing to you". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Namaste Online Etymology Dictionary - Namaste] ] ; Nard : through Old French and Latin from Greek "nardos", perhaps ultimately from Sanskrit "naladam". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/86/N0018600.html American Heritage Dictionary - Nard] ] ; Narghile : through French and Persian "nārghīleh" ultimately from Sanskrit "nārikelah". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/89/N0018900.html American Heritage Dictionary - Narghile] ] ; Nark : probably from Romany "nak" "a nose", via Hindi "nak" ultimately from Sanskrit "nakra". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=nark Online Etymology Dictionary - Nark] ] ; Neem : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "nimbah", a kind of tree. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/92/N0049250.html American Heritage Dictionary - Neem] ] ; Nilgai : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "nīla-gauh", an ox-like animal. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/92/N0049250.html American Heritage Dictionary - Nilgai] ] ; Nirvana : from Sanskrit "nirvana-s" which means "extinction, blowing out". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=nirvana Online Etymology Dictionary - Nirvana] ]

O

; Opal : through Latin from Greek, probably ultimately from Sanskrit "upalah". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/73/O0087300.html American Heritage Dictionary - Opal] ] ; Orange : through Old French "orenge", Middle Latin "orenge" and Italian "arancia" from Arabic "naranj", via Persian "narang" ultimately from Sanskrit "naranga-s" meaning "an orange tree", origin uncertain. [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Orange Online Etymology Dictionary - Orange] ]

P

; Pada : ultimately from Sanskrit "pādam", which means "a foot". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/74/P0007450.html American Heritage Dictionary - Pada] ] ; Pagoda : from Portuguese, probably through Tamil ultimately from Sanskrit "bhagavatī". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/28/P0012800.html American Heritage Dictionary - Pagoda] ] ; Pal : through Romani language ultimately from Sanskrit "bhrātā", a friend or close acquaintance. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/80/P0018000.html American Heritage Dictionary - Pal] ] ; Palanquin : through Malay and Javanese "palangki" ultimately from Sanskrit "palyanka-s", which means "a bed". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Palanquin Online Etymology Dictionary - Palanquin] ] ; Pali : from Sanskrit "Pali". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Pali Online Etymology Dictionary - Pali] ] ; Panther : via Latin and Greek probably ultimately from Sanskrit "pundarikam" "a tiger", probably literally "the yellowish animal", from "pandarah" "whitish-yellow". [ [http://www.iberianature.com/trivia/etymology_mammals.htm Etymology of mammal names] [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=panther Online Etymology Dictionary - Panther] ] ; Pappadam : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "parpatah", a south Asian wafer. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/36/P0053625.html American Heritage Dictionary - Pappadam] ] ; Parcheesi : through Hindi "pachisi" ultimately from Sanskrit "panca-vinsati", which means "twenty-five". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=parcheesi Online Etymology Dictionary - Parcheesi] ] ; Parvati : from Sanskrit "Pārvati", which means "a mountain river" or the daughter of parvataraja, the Himalaya mountain, also consort of Lord Shiva. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/19/P0091950.html American Heritage Dictionary - Parvati] ] ; Pepper : via Latin and Greek "piperi" probably from Middle Indic "pippari", which is from Sanskrit "pippali" meaning "a long pepper.". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=pepper Online Etymology Dictionary - Pepper] ] ; Pipal : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "pippalam", a kind of fig tree. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/82/R0028250.html American Heritage Dictionary - Raita] ] ; Poori : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "pūrah", a town or kind of food. probably meaning full or puffed after frying in case of food. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/35/P0443500.html American Heritage Dictionary - Poori] ] ; Prakrit : from Sanskrit "prakrta" which means "natural, original". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Prakrit Online Etymology Dictionary - Prakrit] ] ; Pukka : through Hindi "pakkā" meaning "cooked", ultimately from Sanskrit "pakva". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/19/P0651900.html American Heritage Dictionary - Pukka] ] ; Punch : via Hindi "panch" "five" ultimately from Sanskrit "panchan-s". A mixed drink. [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Punch Online Etymology Dictionary - Punch] ] ; Pundit : ultimately from Sanskrit "payndita-s" via Hindi "payndit", which means "a learned man, teacher". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Pundit Online Etymology Dictionary - Pundit] ] ; Punka : via Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "paksakah", a type of fan. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/26/P0662600.html American Heritage Dictionary - Punka] ] ; Purana : from Sanskrit "puranah", which means "ancient, former". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Purana Online Etymology Dictionary - Purana] ] ; Puttee : ultimately from Sanskrit via Hindi "patti". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/98/P0679800.html American Heritage Dictionary - Puttee] ]

R

; Raga : via Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "rāgah", melodic modes used in Indian classical music. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/8/R0020800.html American Heritage Dictionary - Raga] ] ; Raita : ultimately from Sanskrit via Hindi "rāytā", a south Asian condiment and side dish made of yogurt and vegetables. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/82/R0028250.html American Heritage Dictionary - Raita] ] ; Raj : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "rājā", which means "a king". Raj means kingdom or domain of a ruler. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/83/R0028300.html American Heritage Dictionary - Raj] ] ; Rajah : through Hindi from Sanskrit "rājān", which means "a king". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Rajah Online Etymology Dictionary - Rajah] ] ; Rama : from Sanskrit "Ramah", which means "pretty". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Rama Online Etymology Dictionary - Rama] ] ; Ramayana : from Sanskrit "Rāmāyanam", which means "the gait of Rama". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/16/R0031650.html American Heritage Dictionary - Ramayana] ] ; Ramtil : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "rāmatilah", which means "a dark sesame". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/55/R0035500.html American Heritage Dictionary - Ramtil] ] ; Rani : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "rājnī", consort of a rajah. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/5/R0040500.html American Heritage Dictionary - Rani] ] ; Rice : via Old French and Italian from Latin "oriza", which is from Greek "oryza", through an Indo-Iranian tongue finally from Sanskrit "vrihi-s" "rice", Tamil origin is also possible. [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=rice Online Etymology Dictionary - Rice] ] Tamil word is "arisi".Fact|date=June 2007; Rigveda : from Sanskrit "rigveda", which means "knowledge of praise". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Rig+veda Online Etymology Dictionary - Rig veda] ] ; Rudra : from Sanskrit, father of the storm gods. [ [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/rudra Dictionary.com - Rudra] ] ; Rupee : through Hindi "rupiyā" ultimately from Sanskrit "rūpyakam", an Indian silver coin. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/7/R0350700.html American Heritage Dictionary - Rupee] ] ; Rye : via Romani from Sanskrit "rājā", rye is used to define a gypsy person. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/13/R0361300.html American Heritage Dictionary - Rye] ]

; Saccharo- : via Latin and Greek from Pali "sakkharā", ultimately from Sanskrit "sarkarā". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/73/S0007300.html American Heritage Dictionary - Saccharo-] ] ; Sadhu : ultimately from Sanskrit "sādhu". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/47/S0014700.html American Heritage Dictionary - Sadhu] ] ; Samadhi : from Sanskrit "samadhi", which means "putting together". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=samadhi Online Etymology Dictionary - Samadhi] ] ; Sambal : through Malay and Tamil ultimately from Sanskrit "sambhārei". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/37/S0053700.html American Heritage Dictionary - Sambal] ] ; Sambar : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "śambarah", a kind of Asian deer. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/38/S0053800.html American Heritage Dictionary - Sambar] ] ; Samsara : from Sanskrit "samsAra", which means "passing through". [ [http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/Samsara Merriam-Webster Online - Samsara] ] ; Sandal : via Old French and Arabic ultimately from Sanskrit "candanam", this is the word sandalwood, not related to sandals which is a type of footwear. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/12/S0061200.html American Heritage Dictionary - Sandal] ] ; Sandhi : ultimately from Sanskrit "samdhih", a wide variety of phonological processes. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/37/S0063700.html American Heritage Dictionary - Sandhi] ] ; Sangha : from Sanskrit "saṅgha", a community of Buddhist monks and nuns. [ [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/sangha Dictionary.com - Sangha] ] ; Sanskrit : from Sanskrit "samskrtam" "put together, well-formed". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Sanskrit Online Etymology Dictionary - Sanskrit] ] ; Sapphire : via Latin "sapphirus" and Greek "sappheiros" from a Semitic tongue, but probably finally from Sanskrit "sanipriya". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Sapphire Online Etymology Dictionary - Sapphire] ] ; Sarasvati : from Sanskrit "Sarasvati", name of a holy stream. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/77/S0087750.html American Heritage Dictionary - Sarasvati] ] ; Sari : through Hindi sari and Prakrit "sadi", finally from Sanskrit "sati" "garment". [ [http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/Sari Merriam-Webster Online - Sari] ] ; Satyagraha : from Sanskrit "satyagraha", which means "insisting on truth". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=satyagraha Online Etymology Dictionary - Satyagraha] ] ; Sattva : from Sanskrit "sattvah", which means "truth". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=sattva Online Etymology Dictionary - Sattva] ] ; Shaman : through Russian from Tungus "shaman", perhaps from Chinese "sha men", via Prakrit finally from Sanskrit "sramana-s" "a Buddhist monk". [ [http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/shaman Merriam-Webster Online - Shaman] ] ; Shampoo : via Hindi "champo" probably from Sanskrit "capayati", which means "kneads". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=shampoo Online Etymology Dictionary - Shampoo] ] ; Shawl : from Persian "shal", finally from Sanskrit "satI", which means "a strip of cloth". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/39/S0323900.html American Heritage Dictionary - Shawl] ] ; Shiva or Siva : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "Sivah", which means "gracious". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Siva Online Etymology Dictionary - Siva] ] ; Siddha : from Sanskrit "siddhah", which means "achieved, accomplished". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=siddha Online Etymology Dictionary - Siddha] ] ; Sikh : through Hindi "sikh" "a disciple", ultimately from Sanskrit "siksati" which means "studies". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Sikh Online Etymology Dictionary - Sikh] ] ; Singh : via Hindi "Singh" finally from Sanskrit "simhah" which means "a lion". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Singh Online Etymology Dictionary - Singh] ] ; Singapore : via Malay ultimately from Sanskrit "Simhapuram", literally "the lion city". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Singapore Online Etymology Dictionary - Singapore] ] ; Sinhala : from Sanskrit "Simhala" which means "Sri Lanka". [ [http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/sinhala Merriam-Webster Online - Sinhala] ] ; Sinhalese : from Sanskrit "simhala" which means "of lions". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Sinhalese Online Etymology Dictionary - Sinhalese] ] ; Stupa : from Sanskrit "stūpah" which means "crown of the head". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/69/S0826900.html American Heritage Dictionary - Stupa] ] ; Sudra : from Sanskrit "śūdrah". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/42/S0864200.html American Heritage Dictionary - Sudra] ] ; Sugar : through Middle Latin "succarum", Arabic "sukkar" and Persian "shakar" ultimately from Sanskrit "sharkara" which means "sugar". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Sugar Online Etymology Dictionary - Sugar] ] ;Sulfur : from Latin "sulfur", perhaps ultimately from Sanskrit "sulvari". [ [http://books.google.com/books?id=aDhGlKL3h00C&pg=PA480&dq=sulphur&hl=en&sig=yXx5bjYAPW1OCX_z4xRzrozkR58 The Concise Dictionary of English Etymology - Sulfur] ] [ [http://books.google.com/books?lr=&hl=en&id=qGorAAAAMAAJ&q=sulfur+sanskrit&pgis=1 The Origin of Medical Terms - Sulphur] ] [ [http://books.google.com/books?lr=&hl=en&id=bIc2AAAAMAAJ&dq=sulfur+sanskrit&q=%22from+Sanskrit+via+Latin%22&pgis=1 Magill's Survey of Science - Sulfur] ] ; Sunn : via Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "sāna", a kind of Asian plant. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/93/S0889300.html American Heritage Dictionary - Sunn] ] ; Sutra : from Sanskrit "sutram" which means "a rule". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Sutra Online Etymology Dictionary - Sutra] ] ; Suttee : through Hindi finally from Sanskrit "sati", which means "an honorable woman". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Suttee Online Etymology Dictionary - Suttee] ] ; Swami : through Hindi "swami" ultimately from Sanskrit "svami", which means "a master". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=swami Online Etymology Dictionary - Swami] ] ; Swastika : from Sanskrit "svastika", which means "one associated with well-being, a lucky charm". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Swastika Online Etymology Dictionary - Swastika] ]

T

; Taka : via Bengali from Sanskrit "tankah". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/0/T0020000.html American Heritage Dictionary - Taka] ] ; Talipot : through Hindi from Sanskrit "tālapattram", a kind of tree. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/49/T0024900.html American Heritage Dictionary - Talipot] ] ; Tendu : via Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "tainduka". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/43/T0104350.html American Heritage Dictionary - Tendu] ] ; Tantra : from Sanskrit "tantram", which means "weave". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=tantra Online Etymology Dictionary - Tantra] ] ; Thug : through Marathi and Hindi "thag" probably ultimately from Sanskrit "sthaga", which means "a scoundrel". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=thug Online Etymology Dictionary - Thug] ] ; Til : from Sanskrit "tilah", a kind of plant. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/32/T0213200.html American Heritage Dictionary - Til] ] ; Toddy : through Hindi "tari" ultimately from Sanskrit "tala-s", a Dravidian origin is also probable. [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=toddy Online Etymology Dictionary - Toddy] ] ; Tola : via Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "tulā", a traditional Indian unit of mass. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/22/T0252200.html American Heritage Dictionary - Tola] ] ; Toon : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "tunnah", a kind of tree. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/67/T0266700.html American Heritage Dictionary - Toon] ] ; Tope : through Hindi probably from Prakrit "thūpo", finally from Sanskrit "stūpah". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/1/T0270100.html American Heritage Dictionary - Tope] ] ; Tussah : through Hindi finally from Sanskrit "tasaram", a large moth. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/86/T0428600.html American Heritage Dictionary - Tussah] ] ; Tutty : through Old French, Arabic and Persian ultimately from Sanskrit "tuttham", a Dravidian origin is also probable. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/4/T0430400.html American Heritage Dictionary - Tutty] ]

V

; Varuna : from Sanskrit "varunah", the lord of oceans. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/31/V0033150.html American Heritage Dictionary - Varuna] ] ; Veda : from Sanskrit "veda", which means "knowledge, holy book". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Veda Online Etymology Dictionary - Veda] ] ; Vimana : from Sanskrit "vimana" meaning plane, also referred to the top of the temple tower, sanctum santorum. [ [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/vimana Dictionary.com - Vimana] ] ; Vina : ultimately from Sanskrit through Hindi, a kind of instrument. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/36/V0103600.html American Heritage Dictionary - Vina] ] ; Vishnu : from Sanskrit "Vishnu", a chief Hindu deity. [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Vishnu Online Etymology Dictionary - Vishnu] ] ; Vritra : a snake-demon and the leader of the Danavas. [ [http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/vritra Dictionary.com - Vritra] ]

W

; Wanderoo : through Sinhalese finally from Sanskrit "vānarah", a kind of monkey. [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/50/W0025000.html American Heritage Dictionary - Wanderoo] ] ; Wat : via Thai ultimately from Sanskrit "vātah". [ [http://www.bartleby.com/61/28/W0042850.html American Heritage Dictionary - Wat] ]

Y

; Yoga : through Hindi ultimately from Sanskrit "yoga-s", which means "yoke, union". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Yoga Online Etymology Dictionary - Yoga] ] ; Yogi : through Hindi "yogi" from Sanskrit "yoga", one who practices yoga or ascetic. [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Yogi Online Etymology Dictionary - Yogi] ]

Z

; Zen : through Japanese and Chinese "ch'an" ultimately from Sanskrit "dhyana", which means "a meditation". [ [http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Zen Online Etymology Dictionary - Zen] ]

ee also

* Indian English
* List of Hindu deities
* Lists of English words of international origin

External links

* [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/d/sanskrit FreeDictionary.com - Sanskrit]

References