- Triquetral bone
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Bone: Triquetral bone Shown is the right hand, palm down (left) and palm up (right).
Proximal: A=Scaphoid, B=Lunate, C=Triquetral, D=Pisiform
Distal: E=Trapezium, F=Trapezoid, G=Capitate, H=HamateThe left triquetal bone Latin os triquetrum, os pyramidale, os triangulare Gray's subject #54 224 Articulations articulates with three bones:
lunate laterally
pisiform in front
hamate distally
triangular articular disk which separates it from the lower end of the ulna.MeSH Triquetrum+Bone The triquetral bone (also called triquetrum, pyramidal, three-cornered or triangular bone, and formerly cuneiform bone) is located in the wrist on the medial side of the proximal row of the carpus between the lunate and pisiform bones. It is on the ulnar side of the hand, but does not articulate with the ulna. It connects with the pisiform, hamate, and lunate bones. It is the 3rd most commonly fractured carpal bone.
The triangular bone may be distinguished by its pyramidal shape, and by an oval isolated facet for articulation with the pisiform bone. It is situated at the upper and ulnar side of the carpus. To facilitate its palpation in an exam, the hand must be radially deviated so that the triquetrium moves out from under the ulnar styloid process. The triquetrum may be difficult to find, since it also lies under the pisiform.
The etymology derives from the Latin triquetrus which means "three-cornered." In reptiles and amphibians, the bone is instead referred to as the ulnare, since (at least in the most primitive fossils) it articulates with the ulna.
Surfaces
The superior surface presents a medial, rough, non-articular portion, and a lateral convex articular portion which articulates with the triangular articular disk of the wrist.
The inferior surface, directed lateralward, is concave, sinuously curved, and smooth for articulation with the hamate. The dorsal surface is rough for the attachment of ligaments.
The volar surface presents, on its medial part, an oval facet, for articulation with the pisiform; its lateral part is rough for ligamentous attachment.
The lateral surface, the base of the pyramid, is marked by a flat, quadrilateral facet, for articulation with the lunate.
The medial surface, the summit of the pyramid, is pointed and roughened, for the attachment of the ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist.
See also
- Bone terminology
- Terms for anatomical location
Additional images
Bones of upper limbs (TA A02.4, GA 2.200–230) Pectoral girdle,
clavicleScapula fossae (subscapular, supraspinatous, infraspinatous) · scapular notch · glenoid cavity
tubercles (infraglenoid, supraglenoid) · spine of scapula · acromion · coracoid process
borders (superior, lateral/axillary, medial/vertebral) · angles (superior, inferior, lateral)Humerus upper extremity: necks (anatomical, surgical) · tubercles (greater, lesser) · intertubercular sulcus
body: radial sulcus · deltoid tuberosity
lower extremity: capitulum · trochlea · epicondyles (lateral, medial) · supracondylar ridges (lateral, medial) · fossae (radial, coronoid, olecranon)Forearm Hand carpus: scaphoid · lunate · triquetral · pisiform · trapezium · trapezoid · capitate · hamate (hamulus)
metacarpus: 1st metacarpal · 2nd · 3rd · 4th · 5th
phalanges of the hand: proximal · intermediate · distalCategories:- Bones of the upper limb
- Skeletal system
- Wrist
- Musculoskeletal system stubs
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