Pierre Deligne

Pierre Deligne
Pierre Deligne, March 2005
Born	3 October 1944 (1944-10-03) (age 67) Brussels
Nationality	Belgium
Fields	Mathematics
Institutions	Institute for Advanced Study Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques
Alma mater	Universite Libre de Bruxelles
Doctoral advisor	Alexander Grothendieck
Doctoral students	Lê Dũng Tráng Miles Reid Michael Rapoport
Known for	Proof of the Weil conjectures
Notable awards	Wolf Prize (2008) Balzan Prize (2004) Crafoord Prize (1988) Fields Medal (1978)

Pierre René, Viscount Deligne (born 3 October 1944) is a Belgian mathematician. He is known for work on the Weil conjectures, leading finally to a complete proof in 1973.

Life

He was born in Brussels, attended school at Athénée Adolphe Max and studied at the Universite Libre de Bruxelles (ULB).

After completing a doctorate under the supervision of Alexander Grothendieck, he worked with him at the Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques (IHÉS) near Paris, initially on the generalization within scheme theory of Zariski's main theorem. In 1968, he also worked with Jean-Pierre Serre; their work led to important results on the l-adic representations attached to modular forms, and the conjectural functional equations of L-functions. Deligne's also focused on topics in Hodge theory. He introduced weights and tested them on objects in complex geometry. He also collaborated with David Mumford on a new description of the moduli spaces for curves. Their work came be seen as an introduction to one form of the theory of algebraic stacks, and recently has been applied to questions arising from string theory. Perhaps Deligne's most famous contribution was his proof of the third and last of the Weil conjectures. This proof completed a programme initiated and largely developed by Alexander Grothendieck. As a corollary he proved the celebrated Ramanujan-Petersson conjecture for modular forms of weight greater than one; weight one was proved in his work with Serre. Deligne's paper (1974) contains the first proof of the Weil conjectures, Deligne's contribution being to supply the estimate of the eigenvalues of Frobenius, considered the geometric analogue of the Riemann Hypothesis.

From 1970 until 1984, when he moved to the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, Deligne was a permanent member of the IHÉS staff. During this time he did much important work outside of his work on algebraic geometry. In joint work with George Lusztig, Deligne and Lusztig applied étale cohomology to construct representations of finite groups of Lie type; with Michael Rapoport, Deligne worked on the moduli spaces from the 'fine' arithmetic point of view, with application to modular forms. He received a Fields Medal in 1978.

In terms of the completion of some of the underlying Grothendieck program of research, he defined absolute Hodge cycles, as a surrogate for the missing and still largely conjectural theory of motives. This idea allows one to get around the lack of knowledge of the Hodge conjecture, for some applications. He reworked the tannakian category theory in his paper for the Grothendieck Festschrift, employing Beck's theorem – the Tannakian category concept being the categorical expression of the linearity of the theory of motives as the ultimate Weil cohomology. All this is part of the yoga of weights, uniting Hodge theory and the l-adic Galois representations. The Shimura variety theory is related, by the idea that such varieties should parametrize not just good (arithmetically interesting) families of Hodge structures, but actual motives. This theory is not yet a finished product – and more recent trends have used K-theory approaches.

He was awarded the Fields Medal in 1978, the Crafoord Prize in 1988, the Balzan Prize in 2004 and the Wolf Prize in 2008.

In 2006 he was ennobled by the Belgian king as viscount.^[1]

In 2009, Deligne was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.^[2]

Selected publications

• Deligne, Pierre (1974). "La conjecture de Weil: I". Publications Mathématiques de l'IHÉS 43: 273–307. http://www.numdam.org/item?id=PMIHES_1974__43__273_0. 
• Deligne, Pierre (1980). "La conjecture de Weil: II". Publications Mathématiques de l'IHÉS 52: 137–252. doi:10.1007/BF02684780. http://www.numdam.org/item?id=PMIHES_1980__52__137_0. 
• Deligne, Pierre; Mostow, G. Daniel (1993). Commensurabilities among Lattices in PU(1,n). Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0691000964. 

See also

• Deligne conjecture
• Deligne–Mumford moduli space of curves
• Deligne–Mumford stacks
• Deligne cohomology
• Fourier–Deligne transform
• Langlands–Deligne local constant

References

1. ^ Official announcement ennoblement - Belgian Federal Public Service. 2006-07-18
2. ^ Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences: Many new members elected to the Academy, press release on 12 February 2009

External links

• O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Pierre Deligne", MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews, http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Deligne.html .
• Pierre Deligne at the Mathematics Genealogy Project.

Persondata
Name	Deligne, Pierre
Alternative names
Short description	mathematician
Date of birth	3 October 1944
Place of birth	Brussels, Belgium
Date of death
Place of death