Morrie Ryskind

Morrie Ryskind
(bottom, left to right) George S. Kaufman, Morrie Ryskind, (top) Ira Gershwin, George Gershwin
Born	October 20, 1895 New York, New York
Died	August 24, 1985 (age 89) Washington, D.C.
Occupation	dramatist, screenwriter, lyricist, newspaper columnist
Nationality	American

Morrie Ryskind (born October 20, 1895, New York City — died August 24, 1985, Washington, D.C.) was an American dramatist, lyricist and writer of theatrical productions and motion pictures, who became a conservative political activist later in life.

Biography

Ryskind attended Columbia University but did not graduate. He was suspended shortly before he was due to graduate after he called university president Nicholas Murray Butler "Czar Nicholas" in the pages of the humor magazine Jester in 1917. Ryskind was criticizing Butler for refusing to allow Count Nikolai Tolstoy, nephew of Leo Tolstoy, to speak on campus.^[1]

From 1927 to 1945, Ryskind was author of numerous scripts and musical lyrics for Broadway theatrical productions and Hollywood motion pictures, and, later, directed a number of such productions, as well. He collaborated with George S. Kaufman on several Broadway hits. In 1933, he earned the Pulitzer Prize (receiving the prize from the same Nicholas Murray Butler who had suspended him from Columbia University) for Drama for the Broadway production Of Thee I Sing, a musical written in collaboration with composer George Gershwin.^[2]

Ryskind wrote or co-wrote several Marx Brothers theatrical and motion picture screenplays, including the script and lyrics for the Broadway musical Animal Crackers (1929), and he wrote the script for The Cocoanuts (1929) and Animal Crackers (1930). Later, he wrote the screenplay for the film which revived the Marx Brothers' professional fortunes, A Night at the Opera (1935), and which was selected by the American Film Institute as among the top 100 comedy films ever made. In working on that script, Ryskind was heavily involved in the "cleanup process," watching the Brothers repeatedly perform sections of the play before live audiences in order to determine which lines worked and which did not. Ryskind also rewrote the stage version of Room Service (1938), the original of which did not have the Marx Brothers, reworking the plot to make the movie suitable for the three distinctive performers.^[3]

During this period, Ryskind was also twice nominated for an Academy Award for his part in writing the films My Man Godfrey (starring Carole Lombard, 1936) and Stage Door (starring Katharine Hepburn, 1937). Later, he wrote the screenplay for the successful Penny Serenade, wrote the stage musical Louisiana Purchase (which soon became a film starring Bob Hope) and supervised the production of The Lady Comes Across.^[4]

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Political activism

For many years he had been a member of the Socialist Party of America, and during the 1930s he participated in Party-sponsored activities, even performing sketches at antiwar events, but split with the Party's "Old Guard faction" led by Louis Waldman. His politics soon moved to the right. In 1940, Ryskind abandoned the Democratic Party, and he opposed President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's pursuit of a third term, writing the campaign song for that year's Republican Party presidential nominee Wendell Willkie.^[5] About this time, he became a friend to writers Max Eastman,^[6] Ayn Rand,^[7] John Dos Passos,^[8] Suzanne La Follette^[9] and Raymond Moley.^[10] Later, he would become friend to William F. Buckley, Jr. and future U.S. President Ronald Reagan.^[11] In 1947, he appeared before the House Committee on Un-American Activities as a "Friendly Witness." Ryskind never sold another script after that appearance, and he believed that his appearance before HUAC was responsible, although there is no direct evidence of an organized campaign against the "Friendly Witnesses."^[12]

In the 1950s, he contributed articles to the early free market publication The Freeman,^[13] and, later, he lent money to Buckley to help start The National Review,^[14] another journal to which he was an early contributor. Ryskind briefly joined the John Birch Society, but soon disassociated himself from the group when they began to claim that Roosevelt, Truman, and Eisenhower were part of the Soviet conspiracy.^[15]

Starting in 1960, Ryskind wrote a feature column in the Los Angeles Times, which promoted conservative ideas for the next eleven years. His son, Allan H. Ryskind, was the longtime editor of the conservative Washington, D.C., weekly Human Events.^[16]

The elder Ryskind's autobiography, I Shot an Elephant in My Pajamas: The Morrie Ryskind Story, details his adventures from Broadway to Hollywood, as well as his conversion to conservative politics.

Stage productions

• Merry-Go-Round (1927) (with Howard Dietz to music by Henry Souvaine and Jay Gorney)
• Animal Crackers (1929) (with George S. Kaufman to music and lyrics by Bert Kalmar and Harry Ruby)
• Ned Wayburn's Gambols (1929) - revue - (lyricist with music by Walter G. Samuels)
• Strike up the Band (1930) (bookwriter with music by George Gershwin and lyrics by Ira Gershwin)
• The Gang's All Here (1931) (contributing bookwriter)
• Of Thee I Sing (1931) (with George S. Kaufman to music by George Gershwin and lyrics by Ira Gershwin) - Pulitzer Prize for Drama)
• Pardon My English (1933) (with Herbert Fields to music by George Gershwin and lyrics by Ira Gershwin)
• Let 'Em Eat Cake (1933 sequel to Of Thee I Sing) (with George S. Kaufman to music by George Gershwin and lyrics by Ira Gershwin)
• Louisiana Purchase (1941) (bookwriter to music and lyrics by Irving Berlin, later, a film starring Bob Hope)
• The Lady Comes Across (1942) (director (theatre))

Filmography

• The Cocoanuts (1929) (starring the Marx Brothers)
• Animal Crackers (1930) (starring the Marx Brothers)
• A Night at the Opera (1935) (starring the Marx Brothers)
• My Man Godfrey (1936) - Oscar nomination
• Stage Door (1937) - Oscar nomination
• Room Service (1938) (starring the Marx Brothers)
• His Girl Friday (1940) movie version of The Front Page
• Penny Serenade (1941)
• Where Do We Go From Here? (1945)
• It's in the Bag! (1945) starring Fred Allen

Bibliography

• George Kaufman et al., Kaufman & Co.: Broadway Comedies, Laurence Maslon, ed. (New York: The Library of America, 2004) ISBN 1-931082-67-7; includes The Royal Family (1927, with Edna Ferber)
• Animal Crackers (1928, with Marx Bros.)
• June Moon (1929, with Ring Lardner)
• Once in a Lifetime (1930, with Moss Hart)
• Of Thee I Sing! (1931, with Ira Gershwin)
• You Can't Take it With You (1936, with Moss Hart)
• Dinner at Eight (1932, with Edna Ferber)
• Stage Door (1936, with Edna Ferber)
• The Man Who Came To Dinner (1939, with Moss Hart)
• I Shot an Elephant in My Pajamas: the Morrie Ryskind Story (with John H. M. Roberts, Lafayette, LA: Huntington House, 1994.) ISBN 1563840006

External links

• Morrie Ryskind at the Internet Movie Database

References

1. ^ Ryskind, Morrie, and Roberts, John H. M., I Shot an Elephant in My Pajamas: the Morrie Ryskind Story, 1994, Huntington House (hereafter, "Ryskind, Pajamas"), pp.34-36.
2. ^ Ryskind, Pajamas, p.88, 99.
3. ^ Ryskind, Pajamas, pp.101-117.
4. ^ Ryskind, Pajamas, pp.119-141.
5. ^ Ryskind, Pajamas, pp.169-171.
6. ^ Diggins, John, Up From Communism, Harper & Row, 1975, pp. 201-233; Ryskind, Pajamas, p.184; and, O'Neill, William L., The Last Romantic: a Life of Max Eastman, 1991, Transaction
7. ^ Burns, Jennifer, Goddess of the Market: Ayn Rand and the American Right, 2009, Oxford Univ. Press, p.131.
8. ^ Ryskind, Pajamas, p.179, 184.
9. ^ Chamberlain, John, A Life With the Printed Word, Regnery, 1982, p.138.
10. ^ Ryskind, Pajamas, p.189.
11. ^ Ryskind, Pajamas, p.178, pp.206-208.
12. ^ Ryskind, Pajamas, pp.165-166.
13. ^ Chamberlain, John, A Life With the Printed Word, p.138.
14. ^ Ryskind, Pajamas, pp.183-184.
15. ^ Ryskind, Pajamas, pp.198-199.
16. ^ Ryskind, Pajamas, pp.186-187.

Persondata
Name	Ryskind, Morris
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	October 20, 1895
Place of birth	New York, New York
Date of death	August 24, 1985
Place of death	Washington, D.C.