Natural Born Killers

Not to be confused with Natural Born Killaz.

Natural Born Killers
Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Oliver Stone
Produced by	Arnon Milchan Jane Hamsher Don Murphy Thom Mount Clayton Townsend
Screenplay by	Oliver Stone Dave Veloz Richard Rutowski
Story by	Quentin Tarantino
Starring	Woody Harrelson Juliette Lewis Robert Downey, Jr. Tom Sizemore and Tommy Lee Jones
Music by	Brent Lewis
Cinematography	Robert Richardson
Editing by	Brian Berdan
Studio	Regency Enterprises Alcor Films Ixtlan Corporation New Regency
Distributed by	Warner Bros. Lionsgate Films[1]
Release date(s)	August 26, 1994 (1994-08-26)
Running time	119 minutes 122 minutes (Director's cut)
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$34 million
Box office	$61,615,296

Natural Born Killers is a 1994 crime/black comedy film directed by Oliver Stone about two victims of traumatic childhoods who became lovers and psychopathic serial killers, and are irresponsibly glorified by the mass media. It stars Woody Harrelson and Juliette Lewis, along with Rodney Dangerfield, Robert Downey, Jr., Tom Sizemore, and Tommy Lee Jones.

The film is based on a screenplay by Quentin Tarantino that was heavily revised by Stone with writer Dave Veloz and associate producer Richard Rutowski. Notorious for its violent content, the film was named the 8th most controversial movie of all time by Entertainment Weekly.^[2]

Natural Born Killers was promoted with the tagline: "A bold new film that takes a look at a country seduced by fame, obsessed by crime and consumed by the media." It was released theatrically in the United States on August 26, 1994.

Plot

Introduction

Mickey Knox (Woody Harrelson) and his wife Mallory (Juliette Lewis) stop at a roadside café in the New Mexico desert. They appear to be normal customers, with Mickey eating key lime pie and Mallory dancing to rock 'n' roll on the jukebox. A group of rednecks (Richard Lineback, Kirk Baltz, and an uncredited James Gammon) arrive and one begins sexually harassing Mallory, dancing near her with crude gestures. She briefly encourages him, then attacks him without provocation by smashing his beer bottle as he drinks from it. A fistfight ensues, with Mallory beating the man. Mickey and Mallory then murder all but one of the diner's patrons, culminating in a morbid game of Eeny, meeny, miny, moe to decide who lives and who dies. After executing the waitress Mabel (O-Lan Jones), the couple ensures that the only survivor remembers their names before they embrace and declare their undying love.

Part I

Mickey and Mallory are still in the desert at night. Mallory is reminiscing about when they first met. A flashback shows Mickey as a deliveryman who came to the house where Mallory lived with her abusive father (Rodney Dangerfield), her neglectful mother (Edie McClurg), and her younger brother, Kevin (Sean Stone). The flashback is portrayed as an I Love Lucy or Happy Days-style sitcom with a canned laughter track; the "audience" laughing hardest when Mallory is subjected to lewd comments and hints of molestation by her father.

Mickey and Mallory fall in love instantly. They leave together and Mickey steals a car that belongs to Mallory's father. Soon Mickey is arrested and imprisoned for grand theft auto, but he subsequently escapes during a tornado, returning to Mallory's house. The two kill her father by drowning him in a fish tank, then burn her mother alive in bed. They spare Kevin with Mallory telling him he is free. They leave to a rapturous applause from the "audience."

Mickey and Mallory soon get "married" on the side of a bridge. They drive to a motel for the night. After watching television, they begin to have sex until Mickey is distracted by a female hostage. Furious with Mickey's notion that they have a threesome, Mallory drives to a nearby gas station, where she flirts with the mechanic (Balthazar Getty). They begin to have sex on the hood of a car, but Mallory is angered by his overtly sexual behaviour, as well as the fact that he recognizes her, and she shoots him to death. During this time, Mickey rapes the hostage.

Part II

The pair continue their killing-spree (bearing similarities to Bonnie and Clyde and the Starkweather-Fugate murders), ultimately claiming 52 victims in New Mexico, Arizona, and Nevada. Curiously, two characters pursue them, who see the murderers as offering a chance to acquire fame for themselves.

The first is a policeman, Detective Jack Scagnetti (Tom Sizemore), who seems particularly fascinated by Mallory. Scagnetti is already a well-known, published author, whose book Scagnetti on Scagnetti is a best-seller with law enforcement. Scagnetti has a lifelong obsession with mass murderers after witnessing his mother being shot and killed by Charles Whitman when he was eight. Despite his heroic facade, he is shown to be psychopathic, once strangling a prostitute to death.

The second follower of the killers is journalist Wayne Gale (Robert Downey, Jr.). He is an Australian who hosts a show called American Maniacs, which profiles mass murderers. Various clips of Mickey and Mallory are shown, with Gale acting outraged on-screen as he details the pair's crimes, although off-air he clearly regards their crimes as a fantastic way of increasing his show's ratings. It is Gale who is primarily responsible for elevating Mickey and Mallory to cult-hero status, by featuring interviews with people around the world expressing their peculiar admiration for the killers.

Mickey and Mallory become lost in the desert and encounter Warren Red Cloud (Russell Means), a Navajo Indian, and his pre-adolescent grandson. After the two fall asleep, the Navajo, hoping to expel the demon he perceives in Mickey, begins chanting beside the fire, invoking nightmares in Mickey about his abusive parents. Mickey wakes up in a rage and fatally shoots the Navajo with a pistol before he realizes what he is doing. It is the first time Mallory and Mickey feel guilty for a murder. Fleeing from the scene through the desert, they stray onto a field of rattlesnakes and are both bitten.

They drive to a drugstore to find snakebite antidote, however, the pharmacist sets off the silent alarm before Mickey kills him. Soon police cars arrive and Mallory is captured and subsequently beaten by the sadistic and brutish police. A gunfight breaks out between Mickey and the others. Scagnetti arrives and tells Mickey that unless he surrenders, he'll cut off Mallory's breasts. Mickey gives up his guns, but attacks Scagnetti with a knife. The police taser him and the scene ends with Mickey and Mallory being beaten by a group of vengeful policemen as a Japanese news crew fronted by a female reporter films the action while the reporter comments in Japanese.

Part III

The story picks up one year later. The homicidal couple have been imprisoned. They are due to be moved to a mental hospital after being declared insane. Scagnetti arrives at the prison and encounters Warden Dwight McClusky (Tommy Lee Jones). The two devise a plan to murder the two criminals. Warden McClusky will arrange for Scagnetti to be the driver for the Knoxes' transfer. Alone with the pair, Scagnetti will murder them, then claim that they tried to escape.

Wayne Gale has persuaded Mickey to agree to a live interview, to air immediately after the Super Bowl. Mallory is held in solitary confinement elsewhere in the prison, awaiting her transport to the mental hospital. During the interview, Mickey gives a speech about how murder provides enlightenment and declares himself a "natural born killer". His words inspire the other inmates (who are watching the interview on TV in the recreation room) and incite them to riot.

Warden McClusky orders the interview terminated, over Wayne's violent protests. Mickey is left alone with Wayne, the film crew and several guards. Using a lengthy joke as a diversion, Mickey overpowers a guard and grabs his shotgun. He kills most of the guards with it and takes the survivors hostage, leading them through the prison riot. Wayne follows, giving a live television report as people are beaten and killed around him. Inmates torture and murder other prisoners and guards. Scagnetti is in Mallory's cell and he attempts to seduce her. Mallory rebuffs his efforts, smashing his face against the wall and breaking his nose. The guards and Scagnetti subdue her.

Still live on national television, Mickey engages in a brief Mexican standoff with Scagnetti, eventually feigning a concession. Mallory then approaches Scagnetti from behind and slashes his throat with a shank. Mickey then reveals that the shotgun was unloaded, much to Scagnetti's horror. Mallory picks up Scagnetti's gun and kills him. Mickey and Mallory continue to escape through the riot-torn prison, with Wayne's entire TV crew getting killed. Wayne himself snaps and begins to shoot at the guards with a pistol that he has taken from one of the dead guards.

After being rescued by a mysterious prisoner named Owen Traft (Arliss Howard), the trio of Mickey, Mallory, and Wayne run into Warden McClusky and a heavily armed posse of guards. The trio takes cover in a blood-splattered shower room. Wayne calls his wife and tells her he is leaving her. He calls his mistress to tell her he will see her later but she dumps him over the phone. Warden McClusky threatens to storm the shower room. Mickey, in turn, threatens to kill both Wayne and the guard on live TV, and the prisoners walk out the front door. Warden McClusky and his guards are massacred by hordes of inmates who burst into the area. They proceed to tear the warden apart, literally tearing his head off and displaying it on a spike (this scene is only in the director's cut).

After the escape, Owen Traft is never seen or mentioned again. Mickey and Mallory steal a van and kill the last guard. Escaping to a rural location, they give a final interview to Wayne before — much to his surprise and horror — they tell him he must also die. The journalist attempts various arguments to change their minds, finally appealing to their trademark practice of leaving one witness to tell the tale. Mickey informs him they are leaving a witness to tell the tale — his camera. Wayne accepts his fate and extends his arms as if on a cross as they execute him by shooting him numerous times while his unattended camera continues to roll. The couple is shown several years later, in a transportation truck, with Mickey driving and Mallory (who is pregnant) watching their two children play.

Cast

Main article: List of Natural Born Killers characters

• Woody Harrelson as Mickey Knox
• Juliette Lewis as Mallory Wilson Knox
• Robert Downey, Jr. as Wayne Gale
• Tom Sizemore as Detective Jack Scagnetti
• Tommy Lee Jones as Warden Dwight McClusky
• Rodney Dangerfield as Ed Wilson
• Edie McClurg as Mrs. Wilson
• Sean Stone as Kevin Wilson
• Russell Means as Navajo man
• Lanny Flaherty as Earl
• Evan Handler as David
• Balthazar Getty as Gas station attendant
• Richard Lineback as Sonny
• Kirk Baltz as Roger
• Steven Wright as Dr. Emil Reingold
• Pruitt Taylor Vince as Deputy Warden Kavanaugh
• Joe Grifasi as Deputy Sheriff Duncan Homolka
• Everett Quinton as Deputy Wurlitzer
• Marshall Bell as Deputy
• Peter Crombie as Intense cop
• Grand Bush as Prison Inmate
• Dale Dye as Dale Wrigley
• Corey Everson as Mallory Knox in TV reconstruction
• O-Lan Jones as Mabel

Deleted scenes

• Ashley Judd as Grace Mulberry
• Rachel Ticotin as Prosecutor Wanda Bisbing
• Peter and David Paul as Simon and Norman Hun
• Denis Leary as Prison Inmate
• Bret "Hitman" Hart as Prison Inmate

Uncredited

• James Gammon as Redneck's buddy
• Mark Harmon as Mickey Knox in TV reconstruction
• Adrien Brody and David Pasquesi as Gale's cameramen
• Arliss Howard as Owen Traft, Mickey and Mallory's Guardian Angel / The Demon

Production

Natural Born Killers was based upon a screenplay written by Quentin Tarantino, in which a married couple suddenly decides to go on a killing spree. Tarantino had sold an option for his script to producers Jane Hamsher and Don Murphy for $10,000 after he had tried, and failed, to direct it himself for $500,000.^[3] Hamsher and Murphy subsequently sold the screenplay to Warner Bros. Around the same time, Oliver Stone was made aware of the script. He was keen to find something more straightforward than his previous production, Heaven & Earth; a difficult shoot which had left him exhausted, and he felt that Natural Born Killers could be what he was looking for.^[4]

Director Oliver Stone, associate producer Richard Rutowski, and writer David Veloz rewrote the script, keeping much of the dialogue but changing the focus of the film from journalist Wayne Gale (Robert Downey, Jr.) to Mickey and Mallory. Indeed, the script was changed so much that as per WGA rules, Tarantino was credited for the film's story only. In a 1993 interview, Tarantino stated that he no longer held any animosity towards Stone, and that he wished the film well;

"It's not going to be my movie, it's going to be Oliver Stone's, and God bless him. I hope he does a good job with it. If I wasn't emotionally attached to it, I'm sure I would find it very interesting. If you like my stuff, you might not like this movie. But if you like his stuff, you're probably going to love it. It might be the best thing he's ever done, but not because of anything to do with me. [...] I actually can't wait to see it, to tell you the truth."^[5]

Initially, when producers Jane Hamsher and Don Murphy had first brought the script to Stone's attention, he had seen it as an action movie; "something Arnold Schwarzenegger would be proud of."^[6] As the project developed however, incidents such as the O.J. Simpson case, the Menendez brothers case, the Tonya Harding/Nancy Kerrigan incident, the Rodney King incident and the Federal assault of the Branch Davidian sect all took place. Stone came to feel that the media was heavily involved in the outcome of all of these cases, and that the media had become an all-pervasive entity which marketed violence and suffering for the good of ratings. As such, he changed the tone of the movie from one of simple action to a satirical critique of the media in general.^[4] Also coloring Stone's approach, and contributing to the violent nature of the film, were the anger and sadness he felt at the breakdown of his second marriage.^[7] He also said in an interview that the film was influenced by the "vitality" of Indian cinema.^[8]

During pre-production, to prepare for the role of Wayne Gale, Downey spent time with Australian TV shock-king Steve Dunleavy, and later convinced Stone to allow him to portray Gale with an Australian accent. Also during preproduction, Stone tried to convince actress Juliette Lewis to bulk up for the role of Mallory so that she looked tougher, but she refused, saying she wanted the character to look like a pushover, not like a female bodybuilder.^[9]

The entire film took only 56 days to shoot, but the editing process went on for 11 months, with the final film containing almost 3,000 cuts (most films have 600-700).^[9]

Filming locations included the Rio Grande Gorge Bridge just west of Taos, New Mexico, where the wedding scene was filmed, and Stateville Correctional Center in Joliet, Illinois, where the prison riot was filmed. In Stateville, 80% of the prisoners are incarcerated for violent crimes. For the first two weeks on location at the prison, the extras were actual inmates with rubber weapons. For the subsequent two weeks, 200 extras were needed because the Stateville inmates were on lockdown. According to Tom Sizemore, during filming on the prison set, Stone would play African tribal music at full blast between takes to keep the frantic energy up.^[6] Whilst shooting the POV scene wherein Mallory runs into the wire mesh, director of photography Robert Richardson broke his finger and the replacement cameraman cut his eye. According to Oliver Stone, he wasn’t too popular with the camera department on set that day.^[9] For the scenes involving rear projection, the projected footage was shot prior to principal photography, then edited together, and projected onto the stage, behind the live actors. For example, when Mallory drives past a building and flames are projected onto the wall, this was shot live using footage projected onto the facade of a real building.^[9]

The famous Coca-Cola polar bear ad^[10] is seen twice during the film. According to Stone, Coca-Cola approved the use of the ad without having a full idea of what the film was about. When they saw the completed film, they were furious.^[9]

The soundtrack for the film was produced by Stone and Trent Reznor of Nine Inch Nails, who reportedly watched the film over 50 times to "get in the mood".^[9] Reznor reportedly produced the soundtrack using a portable Pro Tools in his hotel room while on tour.^[11][12] On his approach to compiling the soundtrack, Reznor told MTV:

I suggested to Oliver [Stone] to try to turn the soundtrack into a collage-of-sound, kind of the way the movie used music: make edits, add dialog, and make it something interesting, rather than a bunch of previously released music.^[13]

Some songs were written especially for the film or soundtrack, such as Burn by Nine Inch Nails.

Style

Natural Born Killers is shot and edited in a frenzied and psychedelic style consisting of black and white, animation, and other unusual color schemes, and employing a wide range of camera angles, filters, lenses and special effects. Much of the movie is told via parodies of television shows, including a scene (I Love Mallory) presented in the style of a sitcom about a dysfunctional family. Commercials which were commonly on the air at the time of the film's release make brief, intermittent appearances. In his DVD Director's commentary, Oliver Stone goes into great detail about the look of the film, explaining scene by scene why a particular look was chosen for a particular scene. A selection of quotations from that commentary can be found at the IMDb FAQ for the film.

Stone considered Natural Born Killers his road film, specifically naming Bonnie and Clyde as a source of inspiration.^[14] The famous death scene in Bonnie and Clyde used innovative editing techniques provided by multiple cameras shot from different angles at different speeds; this sporadic interchange between fast-paced and slow-motion editing that concludes Arthur Penn's film is used throughout the entirety of Natural Born Killers.^[15]

Furthermore, both films fall under the road movie genre through their constant challenges of the society in which the characters live. While Bonnie and Clyde attempt to disintegrate the weakened economic and social landscape of the 1930s, Mickey and Mallory try to free America from the overarching conventions which influence the common masses, primarily the media. However, whilst Bonnie and Clyde concludes with a pessimistic outlook regarding individual freedom within the American sphere of influence, Oliver Stone sees Natural Born Killers as having an optimistic finale. In Bonnie and Clyde, the police's ambush of the couple exhibits the empirical control of law enforcement over the individual. Natural Born Killers however, ends with the couple symbolically destroying the mass media, as represented by Wayne Gale, and successfully fleeing together to live a relatively "normal" life. As Stone himself says, "In its own way, Natural Born Killers is ultimately a very optimistic film about the future. It's about freedom, and the ability of every human being to get it."^[9]

Popular culture references

• Talib Kweli of the group Black Star refers to the "Killers born Naturally" like Mickey and Mallory in the song "Respiration".^[16]
• Jay-Z references the protagonists in the song "All I Need".^[17]
• A spoof was made with a similar name called "Unnaturally Born Killers". ^[18]
• In Kill Bill: Vol. 2, Bill mentions that the bride is a "natural born killer".^[19]
• Rappers Ice Cube and Dr Dre have dueted on the song Natural Born Killaz.
• Cuban songwriter Santiago Feliú wrote a song about the couple entitle "Mickey y Mallory".

Alternative versions

Oliver Stone's original cut of the film was refused an R rating by the MPAA, meaning it would have to be released either unrated (many theatres won't carry unrated films) or with an NC-17 rating. This was a problem because Stone's contract with Warner Brothers stipulated the final film would earn an R. As such, Stone was forced to edit the film to ensure the MPAA dropped the NC-17. In total, roughly 4 minutes of footage was cut from the film prior to release. In 2001 however, Stone released his preferred cut of the film on DVD and home video. Some of the newly restored footage includes:

• Three additional shots during the fight in the diner. The first is when Mallory knocks Sonny (Richard Lineback) over the small partition. In the theatrical cut, after Sonny hits the ground, the scene cuts to Sonny's friend (James Gammon) standing up. In the Director's Cut however, there is an additional shot of Mallory slamming Sonny's head into a table, and blood spraying everywhere. The second shot is when Mickey slits Sonny's friend's stomach; there are three additional slashes not found in the theatrical cut. The third shot occurs when Mallory jumps up and down on Sonny's back; there is an additional shot of her grabbing his blood soaked head and pounding it into the ground several times.
• The death of Ed Wilson (Rodney Dangerfield) has one additional shot. As Wilson is leaning up against the wall, Mickey hits him with the tire-iron across the back of the head.
• As Mallory drives to the garage after arguing with Mickey about the hostage (Corinna Laszlo), there is a shot of Mickey raping the hostage in the motel room, which is strongly implied but not shown in the theatrical version.
• Jack Scagnetti's (Tom Sizemore) murder of Pinky (Lorraine Farris) contains an additional shot of Scagnetti with his hands around her throat and her struggling beneath him.
• When Mickey kills the pharmacist (Glen Chin), there are two additional shots; one showing blood spraying onto the glass divide, the other showing the clerk falling to his knees and dying.
• The scene where the police beat up Mallory outside the pharmacy contains a few extra shots of policemen punching her.
• After Mickey has taken control of the TV crew, he breaks Kavanaugh's (Pruitt Taylor Vince) fingers.
• The prison riot sequences contain quite a bit of additional material. Four particularly controversial scenes are: a guard is shoved into a washing machine, which is then turned on; a guard has his head pushed in under a steam press, which is then closed; a guard is thrown into an industrial oven, which is then turned up full; a guard is flung from the top story of the prison with bed linen tied around his throat, snapping his neck.
• The scene where Scagnetti sprays mace in Mallory's eyes is longer.
• A tracking shot in a barber's during the riot show inmates slitting the throats of other inmates.
• During the riot, the scene where the prisoner throws a stick of dynamite into a doorway is extended; after the dynamite has been thrown, there is a shot of the explosion and a prisoner being flung from the room and rebounding off the far wall.
• In the scene where Mickey rescues Mallory from Jack Scagnetti, there are additional shots of the bullets hitting the two guards.
• There are more shots of Scagnetti thrashing about on the ground after being stabbed.
• When Mallory holds the gun to Scagnetti's head and asks him if he still wants her, in the theatrical version, she pulls the trigger immediately. In the Director's Cut, there is a shot of Scagnetti looking directly into the camera and then screaming.
• As Mickey, Mallory, and the others flee Mallory's cell, they are ambushed, and the remainder of Wayne Gale's crew is wiped out. In the theatrical version, little is seen of this, but in the Director's Cut, there are clear shots of his crew being gunned down, especially Julie (Terrylene), who is killed in slow motion.
• During the standoff at the stairs, Warden Dwight McClusky (Tommy Lee Jones) orders the guards to open fire at Mickey because Kavanaugh, who Mickey is using as a shield, is already dead. In the theatrical version, when McClusky gives the order to fire, nothing happens, and the scene cuts to Mallory holding Gale out as a shield. In the Director's Cut however, the guards do open fire, riddling Kavanaugh's (still living) body with bullets.
• After Mallory shoots Gale's hand, there is the infamous shot through the hole created by the bullet, looking down at McClusky.
• McClusky's death is far more explicit. After being dragged down from the gate by the inmates, in the theatrical version, we never seen him again, but in the Director's Cut, there are several oblique shots of him being torn apart, and after a moment, a prisoner raises a spear, with McClusky's severed head skewered on top.
• Gale's death scene is longer and includes more bullet hits.

NOTE: A common error made in relation to the Director's Cut of this film is that it contains the deleted scenes from the original DVD (such as the court room scene with Ashley Judd and Rachel Ticotin, the Denis Leary scene, the extended Steven Wright scene, and the alternative ending - all described below). However, the official Director's Cut contains only four minutes of reinstated footage, and none of the deleted scenes from the DVD have been restored to the film.

Deleted scenes

• An alternative version of the scene where Mickey and Mallory meet the Indian Shaman (Russell Means). After Mickey makes his speech about how '90s men need choices, Mallory loses her temper with him, and forces him at gunpoint onto his knees. She then orders him to remove his pants. At this point, the Shaman appears on a hill with a herd of sheep, one of which chases after Mickey as he screams at Mallory to shoot it. After escaping the sheep, Mickey and Mallory follow the Shaman home. In his introduction to this scene, director Oliver Stone says he deeply regrets cutting this scene, which he did in an attempt to make the film shorter.
• A nine minute courtroom scene showing Mickey cross-examining one of the survivors of his and Mallory's rampage, Grace Mulberry (Ashley Judd). She recounts the events of the night when Mickey killed all of her girlfriends and her brother. After Mickey is finished questioning her, he attacks her with a pencil and stabs her to death in full view of the courtroom. Stone says he cut this scene because it brought Mickey and Mallory in the wrong direction. He says that the accidental killing of the shaman had changed something in them, but the murder of Mulberry was more like the old Mickey and Mallory, and he thought it did not follow the arc that the two characters were going through at the time.
• A scene where Jack Scagnetti (Tom Sizemore) disposes of the body of the murdered prostitute behind a drive-in theater. As Scagnetti dumps the body, the camera pans upwards and we see that Mickey and Mallory are parked nearby, watching the movie, and trying to figure out what they are supposed to be doing (they are on their way to get snake juice, having just been bitten by the rattlesnakes). Stone cut the scene because it was too bizarre and illogical that they would stop to watch a movie whilst dying.
• A much longer conversation between Wayne Gale (Robert Downey Jr.) and Dr. Emil Reingold (Steven Wright). Stone cut the scene because it simply went on too long and slowed the film down too much.
• A scene involving the Hun Brothers (played by the Barbarian Brothers), professional body builders and still-living victims of the Knoxes' killing spree. They talk to Wayne Gale about their admiration for their attackers (who cut off one of each of their legs) because now they are going to be forced to work even harder than before to be the best. Ironically, the Knoxes' admiration for the Huns is what kept them from killing the twins in the first place. Stone says he deleted this scene because he misdirected it, it goes on too long, slowing the movie down too much, and the brothers are overacting (something for which he himself takes sole responsibility).
• A deranged inmate (Denis Leary) delivers a rapid-fire monologue about how the Pittsburgh Pirates are responsible for Mickey and Mallory's killing spree, the ultimate cause being attributed to the Pirates, because they did not draft Fidel Castro. Stone cut it because it was too long and slowed the movie down.
• After Mickey and Mallory escape and kill Wayne, they are traveling with Owen (Arliss Howard), who asks to accompany them. When Mickey informs him that they will be dropping him off, Owen begins making sexual advances towards Mallory. When she begins to mock him, and pulls a gun on him, he shoots Mickey, then turns the gun on Mallory; the screen cuts to black, and we hear Mallory. The film then ends the same way as the theatrical cut, with the montage of driving shots. Stone says that the idea behind the scene was that he felt audiences would want Mickey and Mallory to get their comeuppance, but he felt it could not come from society or the law; rather, it had to come from "one of their own ilk" (i.e., another serial killer).

Box office and critical response

In its opening weekend, the film grossed a total of $11,166,687 in 1,510 theaters. As of January 12, 2007, the film has grossed a total of $50,282,766 domestically,^[20] compared to its $34 million budget.^[21]

The film had a mixed critical response. As of October 15, 2011, the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes records an average response of 48%, based on 33 reviews. However, Metacritic records a score of 74 out of 100 based on 20 reviews. Roger Ebert, a film critic for the Chicago Sun-Times gave the movie four stars out of four and wrote, "Seeing this movie once is not enough. The first time is for the visceral experience, the second time is for the meaning."^[22] On his television show, his partner Gene Siskel agreed with him, adding extra praise to the scene featuring Rodney Dangerfield.

Other critics found the film unsuccessful in its aims. Hal Hinson of The Washington Post claimed that "Stone's sensibility is white-hot and personal. As much as he'd like us to believe that his camera is turned outward on the culture, it's vividly clear that he can't resist turning it inward on himself. This wouldn't be so troublesome if Stone didn't confuse the public and the private."^[23] Janet Maslin of The New York Times wrote, "for all its surface passions, Natural Born Killers never digs deep enough to touch the madness of such events, or even to send them up in any surprising way. Mr. Stone's vision is impassioned, alarming, visually inventive, characteristically overpowering. But it's no match for the awful truth."^[24]

James Berardinelli gave the film a negative review but his criticism was different from many other negative reviews, which generally said that Oliver Stone was a hypocrite for making an ultra-violent film in the guise of a critique of American attitudes. Berardinelli wrote that the movie "hits the bullseye" as a satire of America's lust for bloodshed, but repeated this argument so often and so loudly that it became unbearable.

Controversies

Censorship

When the film was first handed in to the MPAA, they told Stone they would give it an NC-17 unless he cut it. As such, Stone toned down the violence by cutting approximately four minutes of footage, and the MPAA re-rated the film as an R. The original cut is now available on DVD.

The film was banned completely in Ireland (though since unbanned).

In the UK, the cinema release was delayed while the BBFC investigated reports that the film caused copycat murders in the USA and France,^[25] however was finally shown in cinemas in February 1995.

The original intended UK home video release in March 1996 was cancelled due to the Dunblane massacre in Scotland. In the meantime, Channel Five showed the film in November 1997. It was finally released on video in July 2001.^[26]

Stone has continually maintained that the film is a satire on how serial killers are adored by the media for their horrific actions and that those who claim that the violence in the movie itself is a cause of societal violence miss the point of the movie.

Entertainment Weekly ranked the film as the 8th Most Controversial Movie Ever.^[27]

'Copycat' crimes

Main article: List of Natural Born Killers copycat crimes

From almost the moment of its release, the film has been accused of encouraging and inspiring numerous murderers in North America, including the Columbine High School Massacre.

Soundtrack

Main article: Natural Born Killers (soundtrack)

The soundtrack was released August 23, 1994 by Interscope Records.

1. "Waiting for the Miracle" (Edit) - Leonard Cohen
2. "Shitlist" - L7
3. "Moon Over Greene County" (Edit) - Dan Zanes
4. "Rock N Roll Nigger" (Flood Remix) - Patti Smith
5. "Sweet Jane" (Edit) - Cowboy Junkies
6. "You Belong to Me" - Bob Dylan
7. "The Trembler" (Edit) - Duane Eddy
8. "Burn" - Nine Inch Nails
9. "Route 666" - BB Tone Brian Berdan feat. Robert Downey, Jr.
10. "Totally Hot" - Remmy Ongala & Orchestre Super Matimila
11. "Back in Baby's Arms" - Patsy Cline
12. "Taboo" (Edit) - Peter Gabriel and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan
13. "Sex is Violent" - Jane's Addiction and Diamanda Galas (based on "Ted, Just Admit It...")
14. "History Repeats Itself" (Edit) - A.O.S.
15. "Something I Can Never Have" (Edited and Extended) - Nine Inch Nails
16. "I Will Take You Home" - Russell Means
17. "Drums a Go-Go" (Edit) - The Hollywood Persuaders
18. "Hungry Ants" - Barry Adamson
19. "The Day the Niggaz Took Over" - Dr. Dre
20. "Born Bad" - Juliette Lewis
21. "Fall of the Rebel Angels" (Edit) - Sergio Cervetti
22. "Forkboy" - Lard
23. "Batonga in Batongaville" (Edit) -
24. "A Warm Place" (Edit) - Nine Inch Nails
25. "Allah, Mohammad, Char, Yaar" - Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan
26. "The Future" (Edit) - Leonard Cohen
27. "What Would U Do?" - Tha Dogg Pound

Tracks 10, 13, 18, 21, 23, 25 are assembled from various recordings and dialogue from the film.

References

Bibliography

• Hamsher, Jane (1998). Killer Instinct. Broadway.
• Hanley, Jason. (2001) “Natural Born Killers: Music and Image in Postmodern Film,” in Postmodern Music/ Postmodern Thought, Routledge. ed. Joseph Auner and Judy Lochhead, pp. 335–359.

Notes

1. ^ Warner Bros. only owns the rights to the theatrical version, Oliver Stone himself retained ownership of his preferred cut. Distribution rights to the director's cut are currently owned by Lionsgate, but will revert to WB in 2009.
2. ^ 25 Most Controversial Movies Ever, Entertainment Weekly, 9 June 2006
3. ^ Hamsher, Jane (1998). Killer Instinct. Broadway. pp. 48–51. ISBN 0767900758. 
4. ^ ^{a b} "Oliver Stone Interview with Charlie Rose". http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ey5BKdGI6dE. Retrieved 2008-11-25. 
5. ^ Fuller, Graham (1998). "Graham Fuller/1993". In Peary, Gerald. Quentin Tarantino: Interviews. University Press of Mississippi. pp. 57–59. ISBN 1578060516. 
6. ^ ^{a b} "‘Chaos Rising: The Storm Around Natural Born Killers’ (DVD Featurette)". 
7. ^ Cadwalladr, Carole (18 July 2010). "Oliver Stone and the politics of film-making". The Observer (paragraph 19). http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2010/jul/18/oliver-stone-chavez-wall-street. Retrieved 22 July 2010. 
8. ^ "Oliver Stone 'loves' Indian cinema". BBC News. October 27, 2010. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-11635754. 
9. ^ ^{a b c d e f g} "Director’s Commentary (DVD Extra)". 
10. ^ "Coke Lore: Polar Bears -- Advertising Case History". The Coca-Cola Company. http://www.thecoca-colacompany.com/heritage/cokelore_polarbears.html. Retrieved 20 October 2010. 
11. ^ "Natural Born Thriller". Los Angeles Times. October 1994. 
12. ^ "An Interview with Charlie Clouser". Scene Magazine. September 1996. 
13. ^ "Box Set: NIN On "Doing The Soundtrack For Natural Born Killers"". MTV.com. http://www.mtv.com/overdrive/?vid=146223. Retrieved 2008-02-18. 
14. ^ Lavington, Stephen. Oliver Stone. London: Virgin Books, 2004.
15. ^ Leong, Ian, Mike Sell, and Kelly Thomas. "Mad Love, Mobile Homes, and Dysfunctional Dicks." The Road Movie Book. Ed. Steven Cohan and Ina Rae Hark (1997): 70-89.
16. ^ Blackstar - Respiration Lyrics
17. ^ Jay-Z - All I Need
18. ^ Unnaturally Born Killers (1996) IMDb
19. ^ Natural Born Killers References IMDb
20. ^ "Natural Born Killers". Box Office Mojo. http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=naturalbornkillers.htm. Retrieved 2007-01-12. 
21. ^ Corliss, Richard (1994-08-24). "Stone Crazy". Time Magazine. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,981345,00.html?iid=chix-sphere. Retrieved 2008-11-23. 
22. ^ Ebert, Roger (August 26, 1994). "Natural Born Killers". Chicago Sun-Times. http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19940826/REVIEWS/408260302/1023. Retrieved 2007-01-12. 
23. ^ Hinson, Hal (August 26, 1994). "Natural Born Killers". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/movies/videos/naturalbornkillersrhinson_a0628c.htm. Retrieved 2007-01-12. 
24. ^ Maslin, Janet (August 26, 1994). "Natural Born Killers; Young Lovers With a Flaw That Proves Fatal". The New York Times. http://movies2.nytimes.com/mem/movies/review.html?_r=1&title1=&title2=NATURAL%20BORN%20KILLERS%20%28MOVIE%29&reviewer=Janet%20Maslin&v_id=132230&pdate=19940826&partner=Rotten%20Tomatoes&oref=slogin. Retrieved 2007-01-12. 
25. ^ http://www.sbbfc.co.uk/CaseStudies/Natural_Born_Killers
26. ^ "Natural Born Killers given video release". The Guardian (London). May 16, 2001. http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2001/may/16/news1. 
27. ^ "25 Most Controversial Movies Ever". Entertainment Weekly. August 27, 2008. http://www.ew.com/ew/gallery/0,,20221484_17,00.html. Retrieved 2008-08-27. 

External links

Film portal

• Natural Born Killers at the Internet Movie Database
• Natural Born Killers at AllRovi
• Natural Born Killers at Box Office Mojo
• Natural Born Killers at Rotten Tomatoes
• Natural Born Killers at Metacritic
• "Natural Born Killers: Beyond Good and Evil", by Heidi Nelson Hochenedel, Ph.D.
• "Natural Born Copycats", a 2002 article from The Guardian on Stone's response to claims that the film inspired several murders.