Columbia National Wildlife Refuge

Columbia National Wildlife Refuge
Columbia National Wildlife Refuge
IUCN Category IV (Habitat/Species Management Area)
Map showing the location of Columbia National Wildlife Refuge
Map showing the location of Columbia National Wildlife Refuge
Location Grant and Adams counties, Washington
Nearest city Moses Lake
Coordinates 46°51′04″N 119°32′12″W / 46.8512489°N 119.5366966°W / 46.8512489; -119.5366966Coordinates: 46°51′04″N 119°32′12″W / 46.8512489°N 119.5366966°W / 46.8512489; -119.5366966[1]
Area 29,596 acres (11,977 ha)[2]
Established 1944 (1944)[3]
Governing body U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

Columbia National Wildlife Refuge is a scenic mixture of rugged cliffs, canyons, lakes, and sagebrush grasslands. Formed by fire, ice, floods, and volcanic tempest, carved by periods of extreme violence of natural forces, the refuge lies in the middle of the Drumheller Channeled Scablands of central Washington. The area reveals a rich geologic history highlighted by periods of dramatic activity, each playing a major role in shaping the land. The northern half of the refuge, south of Potholes Reservoir, is a rugged jumble of cliffs, canyons, lakes, and remnants of lava flows. This part of the Scablands, known as the Drumheller Channels, is the most spectacularly eroded area of its size in the world and was designated as a National Natural Landmark in 1986.[4]

The favorable mixture of lakes and surrounding irrigated croplands, combined with generally mild winters and protection provided by the refuge, attracts large numbers of migrating and wintering mallard ducks, Canada geese, and other waterfowl, including tundra swans.

Activities

Hunting and particularly fishing are popular in the park. Hunting is only allowed at certain times on certain days and seasons and requires a permit.[5]

Climate and Water

The refuge is located in the rainshadow of the Cascade Mountains, and the climate is arid and desert-like.[3] The park receives less than eight inches of annual rainfall on average. The wildlife is supported by water routed from the Grand Coulee Dam, and the park is part of the Columbia Basin Project.

References

 This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.

  1. ^ "Columbia National Wildlife Refuge". Geographic Names Information System, U.S. Geological Survey. http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID:1513085. 
  2. ^ "Annual Report of Lands as of September 30, 2009". U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. http://www.fws.gov/refuges/realty/archives/pdf/2009_Annual_Report_of_Lands.pdf. 
  3. ^ a b "Columbia National Wildlife Refuge". U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. http://www.fws.gov/columbia/. 
  4. ^ "Columbia National Wildlife Refuge Profile". U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. http://www.fws.gov/refuges/profiles/index.cfm?id=13510. 
  5. ^ "Mid-Columbia River National Wildlife Refuges – regulations". U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. http://www.fws.gov/mcriver/regulations.html. 

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