Cofactor of BRCA1

Cofactor of BRCA1
Identifiers
Symbols	COBRA1; DKFZp586B0519; KIAA1182; NELF-B; NELFB
External IDs	OMIM: 611180 MGI: 1931035 HomoloGene: 122190 GeneCards: COBRA1 Gene
Gene Ontology Molecular function • protein binding Cellular component • nucleus • nucleoplasm • nucleoplasm • cytoplasm Biological process • transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • transcription elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter • gene expression • viral reproduction • negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent • positive regulation of viral transcription Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	25920	58202
Ensembl	ENSG00000188986	ENSMUSG00000013465
UniProt	Q8WX92	Q69ZP4
RefSeq (mRNA)	XM_001133009	NM_021393.2
RefSeq (protein)	XP_001133009	NP_067368.2
Location (UCSC)	Chr 9: 140.15 – 140.17 Mb	Chr 2: 25.06 – 25.07 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Cofactor of BRCA1, also known as COBRA1, is a human gene^[1] that encodes NELF-B. NELF-B is a subunit of negative elongation factor (NELF), which also includes NELF-A (WHSC2; MIM 606026), either NELF-C or NELF-D (TH1L; MIM 605297), and NELF-E (RDBP; MIM 154040). NELF acts with DRB sensitivity-inducing factor (DSIF), a heterodimer of SPT4 (SUPT4H1; MIM 603555) and SPT5 (SUPT5H; MIM 602102), to cause transcriptional pausing of RNA polymerase II (see MIM 180660). ^[2] COBRA1 was initially identified in a yeast two-hybrid screen using the BRCT1 domain of BRCA1 as bait.^[3]

Interactions

Cofactor of BRCA1 has been shown to interact with Estrogen receptor alpha,^[4] TH1L,^[5][6] RDBP,^[7][6] C-jun,^[8] BRCA1^[9] and C-Fos.^[8]

References

1. ^ "Entrez Gene: COBRA1 cofactor of BRCA1". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=25920. 
2. ^ Narita, Takashi; Yamaguchi, Yuki ; Yano, Keiichi; Sugimoto, Seiji; Chanarat, Sittinan; Wada, Tadashi; Kim, Dong-ki; Hasegawa, Jun; Omori, Masashi; Inukai, Naoto; Endoh, Masaki; Yamada, Tomoko; Handa, Hiroshi (2003). "Human Transcription Elongation Factor NELF: Identification of Novel Subunits and Reconstitution of the Functionally Active Complex". Molecular and Cellular Biology 23 (6): 1863–1873. doi:10.1128/MCB.23.6.1863-1873.2003. PMC 149481. PMID 12612062. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=149481. 
3. ^ Ye, Q.; Hu, Y.F.; Zhong, H.; Nye, A.C.; Belmont, A.S.; Li, R. (2001). "BRCA1-induced large-scale chromatin unfolding and allele-specific effects of cancer-predisposing mutations". The Journal of Cell Biology 155 (6): 911–922. doi:10.1083/jcb.200108049. PMC 2150890. PMID 11739404. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2150890. 
4. ^ Aiyar, Sarah E; Sun Jian-long, Blair Ashley L, Moskaluk Christopher A, Lu Yun-zhe, Ye Qi-Nong, Yamaguchi Yuki, Mukherjee Amitava, Ren Da-ming, Handa Hiroshi, Li Rong (Sep. 2004). "Attenuation of estrogen receptor α-mediated transcription through estrogen-stimulated recruitment of a negative elongation factor". Genes Dev. (United States) 18 (17): 2134–46. doi:10.1101/gad.1214104. ISSN 0890-9369. PMC 515291. PMID 15342491. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=515291. 
5. ^ Ewing, Rob M; Chu Peter, Elisma Fred, Li Hongyan, Taylor Paul, Climie Shane, McBroom-Cerajewski Linda, Robinson Mark D, O'Connor Liam, Li Michael, Taylor Rod, Dharsee Moyez, Ho Yuen, Heilbut Adrian, Moore Lynda, Zhang Shudong, Ornatsky Olga, Bukhman Yury V, Ethier Martin, Sheng Yinglun, Vasilescu Julian, Abu-Farha Mohamed, Lambert Jean-Philippe, Duewel Henry S, Stewart Ian I, Kuehl Bonnie, Hogue Kelly, Colwill Karen, Gladwish Katharine, Muskat Brenda, Kinach Robert, Adams Sally-Lin, Moran Michael F, Morin Gregg B, Topaloglou Thodoros, Figeys Daniel (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein–protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Mol. Syst. Biol. (England) 3 (1): 89. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMC 1847948. PMID 17353931. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1847948. 
6. ^ ^{a b} Narita, Takashi; Yamaguchi Yuki, Yano Keiichi, Sugimoto Seiji, Chanarat Sittinan, Wada Tadashi, Kim Dong-ki, Hasegawa Jun, Omori Masashi, Inukai Naoto, Endoh Masaki, Yamada Tomoko, Handa Hiroshi (Mar. 2003). "Human Transcription Elongation Factor NELF: Identification of Novel Subunits and Reconstitution of the Functionally Active Complex". Mol. Cell. Biol. (United States) 23 (6): 1863–73. doi:10.1128/MCB.23.6.1863-1873.2003. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 149481. PMID 12612062. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=149481. 
7. ^ Lehner, Ben; Semple Jennifer I, Brown Stephanie E, Counsell Damian, Campbell R Duncan, Sanderson Christopher M (Jan. 2004). "Analysis of a high-throughput yeast two-hybrid system and its use to predict the function of intracellular proteins encoded within the human MHC class III region". Genomics (United States) 83 (1): 153–67. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00235-0. ISSN 0888-7543. PMID 14667819. 
8. ^ ^{a b} Zhong, Hongjun; Zhu Jianhua, Zhang Hao, Ding Lihua, Sun Yan, Huang Cuifen, Ye Qinong (Dec. 2004). "COBRA1 inhibits AP-1 transcriptional activity in transfected cells". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (United States) 325 (2): 568–73. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.10.079. ISSN 0006-291X. PMID 15530430. 
9. ^ Ye, Q; Hu Y F, Zhong H, Nye A C, Belmont A S, Li R (Dec. 2001). "BRCA1-induced large-scale chromatin unfolding and allele-specific effects of cancer-predisposing mutations". J. Cell Biol. (United States) 155 (6): 911–21. doi:10.1083/jcb.200108049. ISSN 0021-9525. PMC 2150890. PMID 11739404. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2150890. 

Further reading

• Stevens M, De Clercq E, Balzarini J (2007). "The regulation of HIV-1 transcription: molecular targets for chemotherapeutic intervention". Med Res Rev 26 (5): 595–625. doi:10.1002/med.20081. PMID 16838299. 
• Yamaguchi Y, Takagi T, Wada T, et al. (1999). "NELF, a multisubunit complex containing RD, cooperates with DSIF to repress RNA polymerase II elongation". Cell 97 (1): 41–51. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80713-8. PMID 10199401. 
• Hirosawa M, Nagase T, Ishikawa K, et al. (2000). "Characterization of cDNA clones selected by the GeneMark analysis from size-fractionated cDNA libraries from human brain". DNA Res. 6 (5): 329–36. doi:10.1093/dnares/6.5.329. PMID 10574461. 
• Hartley JL, Temple GF, Brasch MA (2001). "DNA Cloning Using In Vitro Site-Specific Recombination". Genome Res. 10 (11): 1788–95. doi:10.1101/gr.143000. PMC 310948. PMID 11076863. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=310948. 
• Ping YH, Rana TM (2001). "DSIF and NELF interact with RNA polymerase II elongation complex and HIV-1 Tat stimulates P-TEFb-mediated phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II and DSIF during transcription elongation". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (16): 12951–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M006130200. PMID 11112772. 
• Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, et al. (2001). "Toward a Catalog of Human Genes and Proteins: Sequencing and Analysis of 500 Novel Complete Protein Coding Human cDNAs". Genome Res. 11 (3): 422–35. doi:10.1101/gr.GR1547R. PMC 311072. PMID 11230166. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=311072. 
• Simpson JC, Wellenreuther R, Poustka A, et al. (2001). "Systematic subcellular localization of novel proteins identified by large-scale cDNA sequencing". EMBO Rep. 1 (3): 287–92. doi:10.1093/embo-reports/kvd058. PMC 1083732. PMID 11256614. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1083732. 
• Ye Q, Hu YF, Zhong H, et al. (2002). "BRCA1-induced large-scale chromatin unfolding and allele-specific effects of cancer-predisposing mutations". J. Cell Biol. 155 (6): 911–21. doi:10.1083/jcb.200108049. PMC 2150890. PMID 11739404. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2150890. 
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241. 
• Narita T, Yamaguchi Y, Yano K, et al. (2003). "Human Transcription Elongation Factor NELF: Identification of Novel Subunits and Reconstitution of the Functionally Active Complex". Mol. Cell. Biol. 23 (6): 1863–73. doi:10.1128/MCB.23.6.1863-1873.2003. PMC 149481. PMID 12612062. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=149481. 
• Lehner B, Semple JI, Brown SE, et al. (2004). "Analysis of a high-throughput yeast two-hybrid system and its use to predict the function of intracellular proteins encoded within the human MHC class III region". Genomics 83 (1): 153–67. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00235-0. PMID 14667819. 
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039. 
• Zhu J, Song S, Jiang Z, et al. (2005). "Characterization of COBRA1 in human breast cancer cell lines using a new polyclonal antibody against COBRA1". IUBMB Life 56 (3): 161–6. doi:10.1080/15216540410001699826. PMID 15185750. 
• Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, et al. (2004). "Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101 (33): 12130–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.0404720101. PMC 514446. PMID 15302935. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=514446. 
• Aiyar SE, Sun JL, Blair AL, et al. (2004). "Attenuation of estrogen receptor α-mediated transcription through estrogen-stimulated recruitment of a negative elongation factor". Genes Dev. 18 (17): 2134–46. doi:10.1101/gad.1214104. PMC 515291. PMID 15342491. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=515291. 
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=528928. 
• Wiemann S, Arlt D, Huber W, et al. (2004). "From ORFeome to Biology: A Functional Genomics Pipeline". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2136–44. doi:10.1101/gr.2576704. PMC 528930. PMID 15489336. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=528930. 
• Zhong H, Zhu J, Zhang H, et al. (2005). "COBRA1 inhibits AP-1 transcriptional activity in transfected cells". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 325 (2): 568–73. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.10.079. PMID 15530430. 
• Mehrle A, Rosenfelder H, Schupp I, et al. (2006). "The LIFEdb database in 2006". Nucleic Acids Res. 34 (Database issue): D415–8. doi:10.1093/nar/gkj139. PMC 1347501. PMID 16381901. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1347501. 
• McChesney PA, Aiyar SE, Lee OJ, et al. (2006). "Cofactor of BRCA1: a novel transcription factor regulator in upper gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas". Cancer Res. 66 (3): 1346–53. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-3593. PMID 16452188. 

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