Cyclopentane

Cyclopentane
Cyclopentane
IUPAC name
Cyclopentane
Other names
pentamethylene
Identifiers
CAS number 287-92-3 YesY
PubChem 9253
ChemSpider 8896 YesY
ChEBI CHEBI:23492 YesY
RTECS number GY2390000
Jmol-3D images Image 1
Properties
Molecular formula C5H10
Molar mass 70.1 g/mol
Appearance clear, colorless liquid
Density 0.751 g/cm3
Melting point

−94 °C
Boiling point

49 °C, 322 K, 120 °F
Acidity (pKa) ~45
Related compounds
Related compounds cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclohexane
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Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Cyclopentane is a highly flammable alicyclic hydrocarbon with chemical formula C5H10 and CAS number 287-92-3, consisting of a ring of five carbon atoms each bonded with two hydrogen atoms above and below the plane. It occurs as a colorless liquid with a petrol-like odor. Its melting point is −94 °C and its boiling point is 49 °C. Cyclopentane is in the class of cycloalkanes, being alkanes that have one or more rings of carbon atoms.

The typical structure of cyclopentane is the "envelope" conformation.

Industrial usage

Cyclopentane is used in the manufacture of synthetic resins and rubber adhesives and also as a blowing agent in the manufacture of polyurethane insulating foam, as found in many domestic appliances such as refrigerators and freezers, replacing environmentally damaging alternatives such as CFC-11 and HCFC-141b[1]

More advanced technologies, such as computer hard drives and outerspace equipment employ multiply alkylated cyclopentane (MAC) lubricants because of their extremely low volatility.[2]

The United States produces more than half a million kilograms of this chemical per year.

Formulation of cycloalkanes

Cycloalkanes can be formulated via a process known as catalytic reforming.

For example, 2-methylbutane can be reformed into cyclopentane, by use of a platinum catalyst. This is particularly well known in automobiles, as branched alkanes will burn much more readily.

References

  1. ^ [1] Greenpeace - Appliance Insulation
  2. ^ [2] Pennzane - lubrication technology
v · Cycloalkanes

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Cyclopentane — Général Nom IUPAC Cyclop …   Wikipédia en Français

  • cyclopentane — ● cyclopentane nom masculin Cycloalcane C5H10 …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • cyclopentane — [sī΄klōpen′tān΄, sī΄kləpen′tān΄] n. [ CYCLO + PENTANE] a colorless liquid cycloparaffin, C5H10, derived from certain petroleums …   English World dictionary

  • cyclopentane — ciklopentanas statusas T sritis chemija formulė Formulę žr. priede. priedas( ai) Grafinis formatas atitikmenys: angl. cyclopentane rus. циклопентан …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • cyclopentane — /suy kleuh pen tayn, sik leuh /, n. a colorless, water insoluble liquid, C5H10, obtained from petroleum and used chiefly as a solvent. Also called pentamethylene. [1955 60; CYCLO + PENTANE] * * * …   Universalium

  • cyclopentane — noun An alicyclic hydrocarbon, CH; a volatile inflammable liquid, sometimes used as a solvent …   Wiktionary

  • cyclopentane — A closed ring hydrocarbon containing five carbon atoms, isomeric with pentene. * * * cy·clo·pen·tane (si″klo penґtān) a hydrocarbon, C5H10, in which all five carbon atoms are in a single ring …   Medical dictionary

  • cyclopentane — cy·clo·pentane …   English syllables

  • cyclopentane — /ˌsaɪkloʊˈpɛnteɪn/ (say .suykloh pentayn) noun a saturated hydrocarbon, C5H10, consisting of five methylene groups (CH2) in a single ring …  

  • cyclopentane — “+ noun Etymology: International Scientific Vocabulary cycl + pentane : a liquid saturated cyclic hydrocarbon C5H10 found in petroleum called also pentamethylene; see naphthene * * * /suy kleuh pen tayn, sik leuh /, n. a colorless, water… …   Useful english dictionary

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