Alicyclic compound

Alicyclic compound

An alicyclic compound is an organic compound that is both aliphatic and cyclic. They contain one or more all-carbon rings which may be either saturated or unsaturated, but do not have aromatic character. [GoldBookRef |title=Alicyclic compounds |file=A00216 |year=1995] Alicyclic compounds may or may not have aliphatic side chains attached.

Simple alicyclic compounds are the cycloalkanes cyclopropane, cyclobutane and cyclohexane. A polycyclic cycloalkane is Decalin. Bicyclic alkanes are norbornene and norbornadiene. Spiro compounds have bicyclic connected through one carbon atom.

The mode of ring-closing in the formation of many alicyclic compounds can be predicted by Baldwin's rules.

An exocyclic group is always placed outside the ring structure, take for instance the exocyclic double bond on the left:

:


See for an example isotoluene.

Cycloalkenes

Moncyclic Cycloalkenes are cyclobutene, cyclopropene and cyclohexene.

The placement of double bonds in many alicyclic compounds can be predicted with Bredt's Rule.

References


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  • alicyclic compound — ▪ chemical compound       in chemistry, any of a large class of organic compounds in which three or more atoms of the element carbon are linked together in a ring. The bonds between pairs of adjacent atoms may all be of the type designated single …   Universalium

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  • alicyclic — Denoting an a. compound. * * * al·i·cy·clic .al ə sī klik, sik lik adj of, relating to, or being an organic compound that contains a ring but is not aromatic compare ALIPHATIC * * * al·i·cy·clic (al″ĭ sikґlik) ( siґklik) having the… …   Medical dictionary

  • alicyclic — /æləˈsaɪklɪk/ (say aluh suyklik), / ˈsɪk / (say sik ) adjective 1. relating to or denoting an organic compound, in which some carbon atoms are connected in one or more rings. –noun 2. Chemistry such a compound. {German alicyclisch} …  

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  • heterocyclic compound — Any of a class of organic compounds whose molecules contain one or more rings of atoms with at least one atom (the heteroatom) being an element other than carbon, most frequently oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur. As in regular cyclic hydrocarbons,… …   Universalium

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