Chinese Red Pine

Chinese Red Pine
Chinese Red Pine
Conservation status
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Pinophyta
Class: Pinopsida
Order: Pinales
Family: Pinaceae
Genus: Pinus
Subgenus: Pinus
Species: P. tabuliformis
Binomial name
Pinus tabuliformis
Carr.

The Chinese Red Pine Pinus tabuliformis (油松 yóusōng in Mandarin) is a pine native to northern China from Liaoning west to Inner Mongolia and Gansu, and south to Shandong, Henan and Shaanxi, and also northern Korea. In some older texts the name is spelled "Pinus tabulaeformis".

It is a medium-sized evergreen tree 20-30 m tall, with a flat-topped crown when mature (whence the scientific name, 'table-shaped'). The growth rate is fast when young, but slows with age. The grey-brown bark fissures at an early age compared to other trees. The broadly spreading shape is very pronounced, in part due to the long horizontal branching pattern. The needle-like leaves are shiny grey-green, 10-17 cm long and 1.5 mm broad, usually in pairs but occasionally in threes at the tips of strong shoots on young trees. The cones are green, ripening brown about 20 months after pollination, broad ovoid, 4-6 cm long, with broad scales, each scale with a small prickle. The seeds are 6-7 mm long with a 15-20 mm wing, and are wind-dispersed.

There are two varieties:

  • Pinus tabuliformis var. tabuliformis. China, except for Liaoning. Broadest cone scales under 15 mm broad.
  • Pinus tabuliformis var. mukdensis. Liaoning, North Korea. Broadest cone scales over 15 mm broad.

Some botanists also treat the closely related Henry's Pine (Pinus henryi) and Sikang Pine (Pinus densata) as varieties of Chinese Red Pine; in some older texts even the very distinct Yunnan Pine (Pinus yunnanensis) is included as a variety.

Uses and cultivation

The wood is used for general construction. The pulpwood produces certain resins that are used as artificial vanilla flavouring (vanillin). The resin is also used to make turpentine and related products, and is used medicinally to treat a variety respiratory and internal ailments, such as kidney and bladder upsets, wounds, and sores. The bark is a source of tannin. Medicinal use of the pine needles also takes place, which also contain a natural insecticide, as well as a source for a dye.

It is uncommon in cultivation outside of China, grown only in botanical gardens.

References

  • Conifer Specialist Group (1998). Pinus tabuliformis. 2006. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. www.iucnredlist.org. Retrieved on 12 May 2006.

External links


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужен реферат?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Chinese red pine — raudonoji pušis statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Pušinių šeimos dekoratyvinis, medieninis, vaistinis augalas (Pinus massoniana), paplitęs rytų ir pietryčių Azijoje. Iš jo gaunama derva. atitikmenys: lot. Pinus massoniana angl. Chinese red… …   Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)

  • Red Pine (disambiguation) — Red Pine may refer to the following:*Red Pine, a tree found in North America *Chinese Red Pine *Japanese Red Pine, a tree native to Japan and Korea *Taiwan Red Pine *Rimu, a tree endemic to New Zealand *The pen name of author Bill Porter …   Wikipedia

  • Chinese White Pine — Red Crested Crane roosting on a Chinese White Pine Conservation status …   Wikipedia

  • southern red pine — raudonoji pušis statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Pušinių šeimos dekoratyvinis, medieninis, vaistinis augalas (Pinus massoniana), paplitęs rytų ir pietryčių Azijoje. Iš jo gaunama derva. atitikmenys: lot. Pinus massoniana angl. Chinese red… …   Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)

  • Red Pine (author) — Bill Porter (Oct 3, 1943 ), an American author who writes under the name Red Pine, is an acclaimed translator and interpreter of Chinese and Sanskrit texts, primarily Buddhist, including poetry and Sutras. He took a degree in anthropology from… …   Wikipedia

  • Red fox — For other uses, see Red fox (disambiguation). Red fox Temporal range: Mid Pleistocene–Recent European red fox (V. v. crucigera) Conservation status …   Wikipedia

  • Pine — This article is about the tree. For other uses of the term pine , see Pine (disambiguation). Pine Japanese Red Pine (Pinus densiflora), North Korea Sc …   Wikipedia

  • Chinese Scrub Vole — Conservation status Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1] …   Wikipedia

  • Chinese garden — redirects here. For other uses, see Chinese Garden (disambiguation). Chinese garden Zhishan Garden in the the garden styles of the Song and Ming dynasties[1] …   Wikipedia

  • Chinese herbs — are herbs originating from China. They are widely used in Chinese cuisine.The use of Chinese herbs is a very popular tradition. “Many of the modern day drugs have been developed from these herbs such as the treatments for asthma and hay fever… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”