David W. Patten

David W. Patten
edit data
Quorum of the Twelve Apostles
February 15, 1835 (1835-02-15) – October 25, 1838 (1838-10-25)
Called by	Three Witnesses
LDS Church Apostle
February 15, 1835 (1835-02-15) – October 25, 1838 (1838-10-25)
Called by	Three Witnesses
Reason	Initial organization of Quorum of the Twelve
Reorganization at end of term	No apostles immediately ordained
Personal details
Born	David Wyman Patten November 14, 1799(1799-11-14) Vermont
Died	October 25, 1838(1838-10-25) (aged 38) Ray County, Missouri

David Wyman Patten (sometimes referred to as David Warren Patten) (November 14, 1799 – October 25, 1838) was an early leader in the Latter Day Saint movement and an original member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. He was killed at the Battle of Crooked River and is one of the most celebrated martyrs of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).

Early life

Patten was born to Benoni Patten and Edith Cole in Theresa, Jefferson County, New York.^[1] He was the eleventh of thirteen children. When he was young, his family moved to Theresa in northern New York. As a youth, David W. Patten moved to the town of Dundee in eastern Michigan.^[2] While there, at the age of twenty-eight he married Phoebe Ann Babcock in 1828.^[3] The two had one stillborn child; they had no children live to adulthood.^[2][4]

Conversion

In 1830, David W. Patten first heard about the Book of Mormon. He became "greatly agitated in mind and desired to see it." That summer he had the opportunity to read the preface and the Testimony of the Three Witnesses at the beginning of the book. Two years later, Patten learned that his brother John had recently joined the Church of Christ. Excited, David rode three hundred miles to his brother's house in Fairplay, Indiana to investigate the church.^[5] On June 15, 1832, he was baptized by his brother.^[6] Two days later, he was ordained an elder by Elisha H. Groves.^[4][6]

Missions

Immediately after his baptism, he was ordained an Elder by Elisha H. Groves, at which time he was sent on a mission to the area around the Maumee River in Michigan. On this trip he was accompanied by another recent convert, Joseph Wood. Together, the two traveled for 23 days without much food or money, instead relying on nearby families for sustenance and a place to sleep throughout the entire mission. This assignment lasted "a short season." During which time, David baptized his wife. He was ordained a high priest by Hyrum Smith on September 2, 1832.^[7]

In the end of 1832, several missionaries were sent to states on the East Coast in response to a revelation received by Joseph Smith, Jr. in September of the same year. Among these missionaries was David W. Patten. Over the next few months, David traveled with other missionaries like John Murdock, William Smith, Zebedee Coltrin, John F. Boynton, Hyrum Smith, or Reynolds Cahoon.^[8] David W. Patten began preaching in Ohio and made their way to Pennsylvania, and then to New York and back to Kirtland, Ohio, the center of the church at the time. He returned home on February 15, 1833, and within a month was called on his third mission, this time to preach near Theresa, New York, where his mother and some of his siblings lived.^[9] Patten left for New York on March 25, 1833, accompanied by Reynolds Cahoon. During their journey, the two visited congregations of church members along the way and advised them to move to Kirtland. During one of these visits, a heckler interrupted a meeting in Avon, New York, ridiculing the elders and refusing to be quiet. Patten told him to be quiet or he would "put him out", to which the heckler responded, "You can't do it." Patten answered "In the name of the Lord, I will" and picked the man up with both hands, took him to the back door, and threw him ten feet into a wood pile. This story became a popular tale for early members of the church.^[10]

By May 1833, Patten and his companion had arrived at Theresa. They stayed their first night there at the house of David's brother, Archibald Patten. After remaining in Theresa and preaching for a few weeks, on May 20, 1833, David's mother was baptized by Brigham Young, as were two of his brothers, Ira and Archibald, and two sisters, Polly and Betsy. After a while, David traveled south to Henderson, New York, where he preached and converted eighty people. After that, Patten returned to Kirtland, Ohio. In the time following his mission, he worked on constructing the Kirtland Temple and moved his family down from Michigan to Ohio.^[11]

In his lifetime, Patten served twelve short missions for the Church in the Eastern United States from 1832 to 1833 and in Tennessee with Warren Parrish in 1834.^[3] During this time, he was persecuted by mobs while establishing numerous branches of the church.^[6] A common trait of his preaching involved healing people who were ill. David W. Patten described one account:

"Jesus called upon me to lay hands on [Brother] Coltrain who accidentally burned his hand and he received no harm. Brother William Smith had a pain in his eye and I laid my hand on him in the name of Jesus Christ and the pain left him."^[12]

Nancy Alexander Tracy, an early member of the church who converted at age sixteen, wrote of David W. Patten:

"...I could at a glance see the noble spirit he possessed beaming in his countenance, and when he began to speak it was with such force and power. Before he was half through I could have borne my testimony of the truth of the gospel and doctrine he was preaching.^[13]

Apostleship

Patten became one of the original apostles of the Church of the Latter Day Saints on February 15, 1835, receiving his ordination from Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer and Martin Harris, jointly known as the Three Witnesses. He served as an apostle from 1835 until his death in 1838.^[3]

In late 1836, Patten settled in Far West, Missouri. On February 10, 1838, Thomas B. Marsh and David W. Patten were called to serve as Presidents pro tempore of the church in Missouri until the president of the church, Joseph Smith Jr., and his counselor Sidney Rigdon returned.^[14] Later that year, on April 6, 1838, when Marsh was called to be President pro tempore of the Church by himself, Patten was appointed to be an assistant to Thomas B. Marsh. In addition, fellow Apostle Brigham Young also served as an assistant to Marsh.^[15] Latter Day Saints in Missouri began to refer to Patten by the nickname "Captain Fear-Not."^[16]

Doctrine and Covenants Section 114, delivered April 17, 1838, is directed to Patten, in which he is called to serve another mission.^[17][18]

Story of meeting Cain

Patten is reportedly the source of a story which has become a part of Mormon folklore. As related by Abraham O. Smoot after Patten's death, Patten says he encountered a very tall, hairy, dark-skinned man in Paris, Tennessee who said that he was Cain. The account states that Cain, the son of Adam from the Bible, had earnestly sought death but was denied it, and that his mission was to destroy the souls of men.^[19][20] The recollection of Patten's story is quoted in Spencer W. Kimball's The Miracle of Forgiveness, a popular book within the LDS Church.^[21] In the 1980s, Patten's story was used by some Latter-day Saints to explain Bigfoot sightings in South Weber, Utah.^[22]

Battle of Crooked River

Main article: Battle of Crooked River

A map of the Battle of Crooked River.

Patten died on October 25, 1838, due to wounds received in the Battle of Crooked River. Many historians believe this conflict was primarily caused by deteriorating conditions between Mormon settlers and other religious groups in Missouri. As tensions between Mormon and non-Mormon groups increased, a group of men from the state militia abducted three Mormon men on October 24, 1838.^[23] In response, Patten led a group of Mormon men to rescue the men.^[24] Before daybreak on the 25th, as the Mormon militia approached the ford where the state militia was camped, a non-Mormon guard, John Lockhart, called out "Who goes there?" and immediately fired at the Mormons. The shot hit Patrick O'Bannion, one of Patten's guides, and mortally wounded him. Crying "God and Liberty," Patten ordered a charge and led the Mormon militia in the attack.^[25] Fighting in the resulting battle led to 16 casualties and 4 fatalities,^{[citation needed]} among them Patten, who was serving as commander of the Mormon militia group and who was shot in the bowels. The three men kidnapped by the state militia were rescued.^[26]

The wounded Patten was carried from the battlefield to the home of Stephen Winchester, some four miles distant. Enroute he was visited by Joseph Smith, Jr., Hyrum Smith, and his wife. Patten reiterated his testimony of the Church to his visitors. Upon seeing her husband dying, Ann Patten exclaimed, "Oh God! Oh my husband! How pale you look."^[27] His final words were in a prayer to God to release his "spirit and receive it unto Thyself". Moments after this, about 10 PM, he died. About David W. Patten's death, Joseph Smith said "There lies a man who has done just as he said he would - he has laid down his life for his friends."^[6] Patten was buried in an unmarked grave on October 27, 1838 in Far West, Missouri.^[28]

A painting of the Battle of Crooked River

Legacy

After Patten's death, the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles did not have twelve apostles again until 1841, when Lyman Wight was ordained. Between Patten’s death and then, John E. Page, John Taylor, Wilford Woodruff, George A. Smith, and Willard Richards had been ordained and added to the Quorum to replace Patten and apostles who had been excommunicated.

Shortly after the Battle of Crooked River, Missouri Executive Order 44 was issued by Missouri Governor Lilburn W. Boggs. Only days later, the Latter Day Saints living in the community of Haun's Mill were attacked by a mob and experienced many casualties. These events ultimately led to the expulsion of the Latter Day Saints from Missouri. Patten is regarded by Latter-day Saints as a martyr of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.^[29]

Notes

1. ^ Encyclopedia of Mormonism, 1068
2. ^ ^{a b} Whiting, 1
3. ^ ^{a b c} "Patten, David Wyman (1799-1838)". Biographical Registers. BYU Studies. http://byustudies.byu.edu/Indexes/BioAlpha/MBRegisterP.aspx. Retrieved 2008-09-16. 
4. ^ ^{a b} Daniel H. Ludlow, ed (1992). Encyclopedia of Mormonism. Macmillan Publishing. p. 1068. ISBN 0028796020. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm4/document.php?CISOROOT=/EoM&CISOPTR=4391&CISOSHOW=4038&REC=1. Retrieved 2008-09-14. 
5. ^ Whiting, 3
6. ^ ^{a b c d} Flake, 351-3
7. ^ Whiting, 4-7
8. ^ Whiting, 12
9. ^ Whiting, 13-20
10. ^ Whiting, 23-24
11. ^ Whiting, 22-31
12. ^ Whiting, 14
13. ^ Whiting, 29
14. ^ Roberts, Brigham Henry (1905). History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Deseret News. p. 6. http://books.google.com/?id=m2bEVgSvbS8C&dq=Calvin+David+W.+Patten. Retrieved 2008-09-20. 
15. ^ Roberts, Brigham Henry (1905). History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Deseret News. p. 14. http://books.google.com/?id=m2bEVgSvbS8C&dq=Calvin+David+W.+Patten. Retrieved 2008-09-20. 
16. ^ Whiting, 165
17. ^ "Doctrine and Covenants Section 114". Intellectual Reserve. 2006. http://scriptures.lds.org/dc/114/. Retrieved 2008-09-16. 
18. ^ Black, Susan Easton; Milton V. Backman, Jr.; Richard O. Cowan; Larry C. Porter (January 1993). "The Times and Seasons of the Doctrine and Covenants". Ensign. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. pp. 38. http://www.lds.org/ldsorg/v/index.jsp?hideNav=1&locale=0&sourceId=cd0e9209df38b010VgnVCM1000004d82620a____&vgnextoid=2354fccf2b7db010VgnVCM1000004d82620aRCRD. Retrieved 2008-09-20. 
19. ^ Letter by Abraham O. Smoot, quoted in Lycurgus A. Wilson (1900). Life of David W. Patten, the First Apostolic Martyr (Salt Lake City, Utah: Deseret News) p. 50 (pp. 46–47 in 1993 reprint by Eborn Books).
20. ^ Linda Shelley Whiting (2003). David W. Patten: Apostle and Martyr (Springville, Utah: Cedar Fort) p. 85.
21. ^ Spencer W. Kimball (1969). The Miracle of Forgiveness (Salt Lake City, Utah: Bookcraft, ISBN 0884944441) pp. 127–128.
22. ^ Lynn Arave and Jody Genessy, "Living in Utah: A guide to separate reality from myths", Deseret Morning News, 2003-07-24, p. A1.
23. ^ Whiting, 153-156
24. ^ Whiting, 157
25. ^ Whiting, 159-60
26. ^ Whiting, 162
27. ^ Whiting, 164
28. ^ Whiting, 166
29. ^ Wilson, Lycurgus A. Life of David W. Patten, the First Apostolic Martyr. Salt Lake City, 1900.

References

1. Flake, Lawrence R., ed (2001). Prophets and Apostles of the Last Dispensation. Salt Lake City, UT: Deseret Book Co.. ISBN 1-57345-797-3 .
2. Ludlow, Daniel H., ed (1992). Church History, Selections From the Encyclopedia of Mormonism. Salt Lake City, UT: Deseret Book Co.. ISBN 0-87579-924-8 .
3. Patten, David W; Woodruff, Wilford; Rich, Charles C.; Kimball, Heber C. (1864). "History of David W. Patten (Compiled principally from his own journal.)". Millennial Star 26. http://www.boap.org/LDS/Early-Saints/DPatten.html. Retrieved 2007-02-13 .
4. Whiting, Linda Shelley (2003). David W. Patten Apostle and Martyr. Springville, UT: Cedar Fort. ISBN 1-55517-682-8 .
5. Wilson, Lycurgus A (1904) (^{[dead link]} – ^{Scholar search}). Life of David W. Patten: The first Apostolic martyr (Registration required). Deseret News. http://gospelink.com/next/toc?book_id=1229. Retrieved 2008-09-27 ^{[dead link]}.

External links

• Grampa Bill's G.A. Pages: David W. Patten
• Section 114 of the Doctrine and Covenants

Religious titles
Preceded by Thomas B. Marsh	Quorum of the Twelve Apostles February 15, 1835–October 25, 1838	Succeeded by Brigham Young