New Haven EP5

New Haven EP-5
Power type	Electric
Builder	GE Transportation Systems
Build date	1954
Total produced	10
AAR wheel arr.	C-C
Gauge	4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm)
Electric system	11 kV AC, 25 Hz 600 V DC
Transmission	Mercury arc rectifier, DC traction motors
Power output	4,000 hp (2.98 MW)
Tractive effort	Starting: 87,000 lbf (390 kN)
Career	New Haven, Penn Central, Conrail
Class	NH: EP-5 PC / CR: E40
Number	New Haven 370–379 Penn Central 4970–4979 (NH 370, 372, 378, 379 never renumbered to PC)
Nicknames	Jets
Locale	Northeastern United States
Last run	1977
Disposition	Scrapped

The New Haven EP-5 was a double-ended mercury arc rectifier electric locomotive built in 1955 by General Electric, for the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad. It was built to haul passenger trains between Grand Central Terminal or Penn Station, New York City and New Haven, Connecticut.

The EP-5s were the first AC passenger electric locomotives to use rectifiers to convert alternating current from overhead wires to direct current (DC) for the traction motors. They also collected DC from the third rail used by the New York Central, whose tracks the New Haven used to reach Grand Central Terminal (GCT).

All of the class were equipped with the Pennsylvania Railroad's cab signal system needed to operate into Penn Station; Washington, D.C.-Boston through trains over the Hell Gate Bridge, plus the Montrealer/Washingtonian, were their main assignment throughout their New Haven careers.

The units were known as "Jets" due to the roaring sound made by their main blowers; an example of this characteristic was inadvertently preserved for posterity in a GCT scene shot for the movie The Man in the Gray Flannel Suit.

The EP-5s had a reputation for rapid acceleration and high pulling capacity. However, the class also had a tendency to overheat and catch fire due to the crowded, poorly ventilated internal component arrangement, a situation made necessary by the need for the units to conform to the weight restrictions imposed by the New York Central's Park Avenue steel viaduct. This problem was significantly aggravated by the New Haven management's de-emphasis of electric operations in favor of its new dual-power FL9 diesels, and the railroad's financial condition. By 1962, a year after the New Haven entered bankruptcy, only three units were in service. All 10 were quickly rebuilt under the trustees' management, but by the time of the New Haven's 1969 inclusion in Penn Central, four were again out of service (and were soon scrapped). The EP-5s were rapidly replaced on Washington–Boston trains by the reliable former PRR GG1 electrics.

When the New Haven was merged into PC, the six units still in service were redesignated as the E-40 class, and were assigned to commuter train service between GCT and New Haven. The E-40s continued in this service, steadily dwindling in number, until May 1973 when the Metropolitan Transportation Authority suddenly banned them after #4971 caught fire in the Park Avenue Tunnel; all went into dead storage. Amtrak passed them up for new electrics. Two of the units, #4973 and #4977, were rebuilt by PC into freight units, stripped of their third-rail capability, steam generators, and one of the two pantographs. They were used in a variety of light-duty freight services, but their utility was limited by their lack of multiple-unit capability and dynamic brakes. Within a year of Penn Central's inclusion into Conrail, the remaining two E-40s were retired. All were scrapped by 1979.

References

• Model Railroading site with information about the EP5/E40s
• EP5/E40 Pictures and Info
• "The New Haven Railroad EP-5s". American-Rails.com. http://www.american-rails.com/ep5s.html. Retrieved 2009-03-21.