List of countries by continent

This is a list of the countries of the world by continent, displayed with their respective national flags and capitals. This list contains:
* Sovereign states (country names in bold), consisting of:
** The member states of the United Nations (UN).
** A UN-recognized non-member state: Vatican City.
** States not recognized by the UN, but recognized by or maintaining "de facto" international relations with many UN members: the Republic of China and Kosovo.
* Territories "de facto" not independent, but recognized by many UN members as entitled to sovereignty (country names in "bold italics"): the Palestinian territories and Western Sahara.
* Dependent territories, including the overseas departments of France and the special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China (country names in "italics").However, this list does not contain "de facto" independent states that are generally unrecognized.

For a detailed discussion of how the world is divided into continents, see the articles "Continent" and "Borders of the continents".

In this list, countries are classified according to the United Nations Statistics Division. [ [http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49regin.htm Composition of macro geographical (continental) regions, geographical sub-regions, and selected economic and other groupings] ] There are countries that span more than one continent, according to either geographical or political and historical criteria. For the partition of countries into continents according to geographical criteria, "see here".

Africa

Eurasia

Asia

Europe

Americas

North America

South America

Oceania

Antarctica

Antarctica, including all territorial claims by sovereign states, is regulated by the Antarctic Treaty System, which defines it as all land and ice shelves south of 60°S. Several dependent territories include sub-Antarctic islands north of 60°S.
* "flagicon|Norway|size=50px Bouvet Island" (overseas territory of Norway)
* "flag|French Southern Territories|size=50px" (overseas territory of France)
* "flagicon|Australia|size=50px Heard Island and McDonald Islands" (overseas territory of Australia)
* "flag|South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands|size=50px" [South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands is sometimes considered a South American territory, since it is administered from the Falkland Islands.] (overseas territory of the United Kingdom)

Partition of countries according to geographical criteria

Boundaries of Africa

"For a detailed description of the geographical boundaries of Africa, see here."

uez Canal

Considering the Suez Canal as a boundary between Africa and Asia, the following change from the UN definition occurs:
*Egypt: Africa, west of the Suez Canal; to the east, Asia.

Continental shelf of Africa

Considering the continental shelf of Africa, the following changes from the UN definition occur:
*French Southern Territories: sub-Antarctic territory; Îles Éparses (Bassas da India, Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, Juan de Nova Island and Tromelin Island) in Africa.
*Italy: Europe; Pantelleria and Pelagie Islands in Africa.
*Malta: Africa.
*Portugal: Europe; Madeira archipelago, Desertas Islands and Savage Islands in Africa.
*Spain: Europe; Canary Islands and the plazas de soberanía in Africa (most of the plazas de soberanía, including Ceuta and Melilla, are in mainland Africa).
*Yemen: Asia; Socotra in Africa.

Boundaries between Asia and Europe

"For a detailed description of the geographical boundaries between Asia and Europe, see here."

ea of Marmara and Turkish Straits

Considering the Sea of Marmara and the Turkish Straits (the Bosporus and the Dardanelles) as a boundary between Asia and Europe, the following change from the UN definition occurs:
*Turkey: Asia, east and south of Sea of Marmara and the Turkish Straits; to the west and north, Europe.

Ural definitions

Considering the Ural definition that follows the watershed of the Ural Mountains, and then the Ural River until the Caspian Sea, as a boundary between Asia and Europe, the following changes from the UN definition occur:
*Kazakhstan: Asia, east of the Ural River; to the west, Europe.
*Russia: Europe, west and north of the Ural Mountains watershed and the Ural River; to the east and south, Asia.

Considering the Ural definition that follows the watershed of the Ural Mountains, and then the Ural River until it reaches Kazakhstan's border for the first time, and then the Or River and the Emba River, as a boundary between Asia and Europe, the following changes from the UN definition occur:
*Kazakhstan: Asia, east of the Or River and the Emba River; to the west, Europe.
*Russia: Europe, west of the Ural Mountains watershed and the Ural River (until it reaches Kazakhstan's border for the first time); to the east, Asia.

Caucasus definitions

Considering the Caucasus definition that follows the watershed of the Greater Caucasus of the Caucasus Mountains as a boundary between Asia and Europe, the following changes from the UN definition occur:
*Azerbaijan: Asia, south of the Greater Caucasus watershed; to the north, Europe (very small area).
*Georgia: Asia, south of the Greater Caucasus watershed; to the north, Europe (very small area).
*Russia: Europe, north of the Greater Caucasus watershed; to the south, Asia (very small area).

Considering the Caucasus definition that follows the Meso-Caucaso, marked by the Rioni River and the Kura River (from Tbilisi on), as a boundary between Asia and Europe, the following changes from the UN definition occur:
*Azerbaijan: Asia, south of the Kura River; to the north, Europe.
*Georgia: Asia, south of the Rioni River and the Kura River (from Tbilisi on); to the north, Europe.

Considering the Caucasus definition that follows the Kuma-Manych Depression, marked by the Kuma River and the Manych River, as a boundary between Asia and Europe, the following change from the UN definition occurs:
*Russia: Europe, north of the Kuma River and the Manych River; to the south, Asia.

Though very rare, considering the Caucasus definition that follows the watershed of the Lesser Caucasus of the Caucasus Mountains as a boundary between Asia and Europe, the following changes from the UN definition occur:
*Armenia: Europe; isolated spots in the south in Asia.
*Azerbaijan: Europe; isolated spots in the south in Asia.
*Georgia: Europe; isolated spots in the south in Asia.
*Iran: Asia; isolated spots in the northwest in Europe.
*Turkey: Asia; isolated spots in the northeast in Europe.

Continental shelfs of Asia and Europe

Considering the continental shelfs of Asia and Europe, the following change from the UN definition occurs:
*Greece: Europe (including Crete, Ionian Islands, Cyclades and near mainland Greek islands); Aegean Islands, Dodecanese and nearby islands in Asia.

Boundaries between Asia and North America

"For a detailed description of the geographical boundaries between Asia and North America, see here."

Continental shelfs of Asia and North America

Considering the continental shelfs of Asia and North America, the following change from the UN definition occurs:
*United States: North America; Near Islands and St. Lawrence Island in Asia.

Boundaries between Europe and North America

"For a detailed description of the geographical boundaries between Europe and North America, see here."

Continental shelfs of Europe and North America

Considering the continental shelfs of Europe and North America, the following change from the UN definition occurs:
*Portugal: Europe (including São Miguel, Santa Maria, Terceira, Graciosa, São Jorge, Pico and Faial of the Azores); Flores and Corvo of the Azores in North America.

Boundaries between North and South America

"For a detailed description of the geographical boundaries between North and South America, see here."

Panama Canal

Considering the Panama Canal as a boundary between North and South America, the following change from the UN definition occurs:
*Panama: North America, west of the Panama Canal; to the east, South America.

Continental shelfs of North and South America

Considering the continental shelfs of North and South America, the following changes from the UN definition occur:
*Aruba: South America.
*Colombia: South America; San Andrés and Providencia Islands in North America.
*Netherlands Antilles: North America; Curaçao and Bonaire in South America.
*Trinidad and Tobago: South America.
*Venezuela: South America; Isla Aves in North America.

Boundaries of Oceania

"For a detailed description of the geographical boundaries of Oceania, see here."

Asia-Australasia divisions

Considering the Asia-Australasia division that follows the anthropologic Melanesian Line as a boundary between Asia and Oceania, the following changes from the UN definition occur:
*Indonesia: Asia (including Borneo, Sumatra, Java, Bali, Sulawesi, Sumba and Flores); Maluku, Buru, Seram, Timor and New Guinea in Oceania.
*Timor-Leste: Oceania.

Considering the Asia-Australasia division that follows the zoologic Wallace Line as a boundary between Asia and Oceania, the following changes from the UN definition occur:
*Indonesia: Asia (including Borneo, Sumatra, Java and Bali); Sulawesi, Sumba, Flores, Maluku, Buru, Seram, Timor and New Guinea in Oceania.
*Timor-Leste: Oceania.

Though very rare, considering the Malay Archipelago as being part of Oceania, the following changes from the UN definition occur:
*Brunei: Oceania.
*Indonesia: Oceania.
*Malaysia: Asia; Labuan, Sarawak and Sabah in Oceania.
*Philippines: Oceania.
*Singapore: Oceania.
*Timor-Leste: Oceania.

Pacific Islands

Considering all Pacific Islands as being part of Oceania, the following changes from the UN definition occur:
*Chile: South America; Easter Island and Sala y Gómez in Oceania.
*Japan: Asia; Bird Islands (Okinotorishima and Minamitorishima) in Oceania.
*United States: North America; Hawaii in Oceania.

Boundaries of Antarctica

"For a detailed description of the geographical boundaries of Antarctica, see here."

ub-Antarctic islands

Considering sub-Antarctic islands north of 60°S which are fully integrated with its country, the following changes from the UN definition occur:
*Australia: Oceania; Macquarie Island, sub-Antarctic territory.
*New Zealand: Oceania; New Zealand Sub-Antarctic Islands (Antipodes Islands, Auckland Islands, Bounty Islands, Campbell Islands and Snares Islands), sub-Antarctic territory.
*South Africa: Africa; Prince Edward Islands, sub-Antarctic territory.

Notes

ee also

Definition of continents

* Continent
* Borders of the continents
* Continental shelf
* Geography by continent:
** Africa
** Asia
** Europe
** North America
** South America
** Oceania
** Antarctica

Lists of countries

* List of countries by continent (data file) - this data in a plain text format suitable for automated processing
* List of countries (in alphabetical order)
* List of countries and capitals in native languages
* List of national capitals (in alphabetical order)
* List of capitals by country
* Tables of countries and territories (with area, population, population density, and capital) in each continent:
** Africa
** Asia
** Europe
** North America
** South America
** Oceania

External links

* [http://www.un.org/Depts/Cartographic/english/geoinfo/geoname.pdf UN List of Territories]
* [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/index.html CIA – The World Factbook]
* [http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/ U.S. Department of State: Background notes]
* [http://publications.europa.eu/code/en/en-5000500.htm European Commission: List of countries, territories and currencies]
* [http://www.statoids.com/statoids.html Statoids]
* [http://www.world-gazetteer.com/ World Gazetteer]

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