Zoysia matrella

Zoysia matrella
Zoysia matrella
Zoysia matrella line drawing[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Monocots
(unranked): Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Chloridoideae
Tribe: Cynodonteae
Genus: Zoysia
Species: Z. matrella
Binomial name
Zoysia matrella
(L.) Merr.
Synonyms
  • Agrostis matrella L.[2]

Zoysia matrella (L.) Merr., commonly known as Manila Grass, is a species of mat-forming, perennial grass native to temperate coastal southeastern Asia and northern Australasia, from southern Japan (Ryukyu Islands), Taiwan, and southern China (Guangdong, Hainan) south through Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines to northern Australia (northeast Queensland), and west to the Cocos Islands in the eastern Indian Ocean.

Other common names include Korean grass, Manila templegrass, siglap grass (after an area in Singapore), temple grass, Mascarene grass, harishiba, hierba Manila (Spanish), Japanese carpet, jukut kakawatan hijau (Sundanese), rebha sekem-sekeman (Madurese), burikit (on Seram), rumput siglap (Malay), damong-alat, barit-baritan (Tagalog), malakuwerdas (Pangasinan), ya-nuannoi (Thai)[3].

Botanical synonyms include Agrostis matrella (basionym), Osterdamia matrella, Z. pungens, and Z. tenuifolia (now distinguished as Zoysia matrella var. pacifica)[4].

Two varieties are distinguished by some authors:

  • Zoysia matrella var. matrella
  • Zoysia matrella var. pacifica Goudswaard

Description

It forms extensive, velvety, green mats, spreading vigorously by stolons, or occasionally by rhizomes, once established. Z. matrella grows in low elevation preferring sandy soils where other grasses establish poorly. The stems are slender and prostrate, ranging from 5-25 cm in length. The leaves are alternate, produced at 1.5-3 cm intervals along the stem; they are slender, 2-10 cm long and 1-3 mm broad. The flowers are greenish, produced on erect racemes 6-35 mm long with a single 2-3.5 mm flower in each spikelet.

Cultivation and uses

Manila grass is grown as an ornamental grass, and is used for turf on golf courses in Asia, Europe and the Americas, as a lawn grass in the United States especially in the South, and is planted for grazing stock among the trees on tropical coconut plantations. In addition to its ability to grow on sandy soils, it tolerates high salinity, making it ideal for erosion control and lawns in coastal areas.

The variety of common names attests to its widespread occurrence in these regions along with its usefulness as a cultivated grass in diverse areas. It is naturalised in many places, as in Hawaii, and can become weedy, like many plant species with desirable horticultural characteristics.

References

Online
  1. ^ Hitchcock, A.S. (2006). "USDA NRCS PLANTS Database". Manual of the grasses of the United States. http://plants.usda.gov/. Retrieved 2006-11-14. 
  2. ^  Agrostis matrella L, the basionym of Zoysia matrella, was originally published and described in Mantissa Plantarum Altera. Generum editionis VI & specierum editionis II. Holmiae (Stockholm) 185. 1771 "Plant Name Details for Agrostis matrella". IPNI. http://www.ipni.org:80/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=325669-2. Retrieved May 23, 2011. "Malabar, India (Indian Subcontinent, Asia-Tropical)" 
  3. ^ "FAO Grassland Species Profiles". http://www.fao.org/ag/AGP/AGPC/doc/Gbase/Default.htm. Retrieved 2006-11-14. 
  4. ^ "USDA GRIN Taxonomy for Plants". http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/tax_search.pl?Zoysia%20matrella. Retrieved 2006-11-14. 
General

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Zoysia matrella — gulsčioji sprindenė statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Miglinių šeimos pašarinis augalas (Zoysia matrella), paplitęs rytų ir pietų Azijoje ir šiaurės Australijoje. atitikmenys: lot. Zoysia matrella angl. Korean grass; Manila grass; siglap… …   Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)

  • Zoysia matrella — manila grass manila grass n. A lawn grass ({Zoysia matrella}) common in the Philippines; grown also in US. Syn: Japanese carpet grass. [WordNet 1.5] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • ZOYSIA MATRELLA (L.) MCRR. - МАННЛЬСКАЯ ТРАВА — см. 45. Многолетнее растение. Z. matrella (L.) Mcrr. Маннльская трава in Phil. J. Sci. Bot. 7 (1912)23. Ларин I (1950) 178, рис. S y n. Agrostis matrella L. М е с т н. назв. Англ. Manilla grass. Р а с п р. Ю. В. Аз. от Индии до Полинезии. Культ.… …   Справочник растений

  • Zoysia matrella — ID 89782 Symbol Key ZOMA2 Common Name Manila grass Family Poaceae Category Monocot Division Magnoliophyta US Nativity Introduced to U.S. US/NA Plant Yes State Distribution AL, FL, GA, HI, NC, NM, PR Growth Habit Graminoid …   USDA Plant Characteristics

  • Zoysia matrella — noun lawn grass common in the Philippines; grown also in United States • Syn: ↑Manila grass, ↑Japanese carpet grass • Hypernyms: ↑zoysia …   Useful english dictionary

  • Zoysia matrella var. matrella — ID 89783 Symbol Key ZOMAM Common Name Manila grass Family Poaceae Category Monocot Division Magnoliophyta US Nativity Introduced to U.S. US/NA Plant Yes State Distribution AL, FL, GA, NC, NM, PR Growth Habit Graminoid …   USDA Plant Characteristics

  • Zoysia matrella var. pacifica — ID 89785 Symbol Key ZOMAP Common Name Manila grass Family Poaceae Category Monocot Division Magnoliophyta US Nativity Introduced to U.S. US/NA Plant Yes State Distribution HI Growth Habit Graminoid Duration …   USDA Plant Characteristics

  • Zoysia matrella (L.) Merr. var. matrella — Symbol ZOMAM Common Name Manila grass Botanical Family Poaceae …   Scientific plant list

  • Zoysia matrella (L.) Merr. var. matrella — Symbol ZOMAM Common Name Manila grass Botanical Family Poaceae …   Scientific plant list

  • Zoysia matrella (L.) Merr. — Symbol ZOMA2 Common Name Manila grass Botanical Family Poaceae …   Scientific plant list

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