- Miloš Obrenović I, Prince of Serbia
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Prince Miloš Obrenović I
Кнез Милош Обреновић IPrince of Serbia Reign November 6, 1817 – June 25, 1839 and
December 23, 1858 - September 26, 1860Born March 18, 1780 Birthplace Gornja Dobrinja near Požega Died September 25, 1860 (aged 80) Place of death Belgrade Predecessor First Serbian Uprising
Karađorđe Petrović
New Principality
Alexander (Karađorđević)Successor Milan II (Obrenović)
Mihailo III (Obrenović)Consort Ljubica Vukomanović Offspring Princess Petrija, Princess Savka, Prince Gabriel, Princess Marija, Prince Todor, Prince Milan, Prince Mihailo Royal House House of Obrenović Father Todor Mihailović Mother Višnja Martinović Miloš Obrenović (pronounced [mîlɔʃ ɔbrɛ̌ːnɔʋitɕ]) (Serbian Cyrillic: Милош Обреновић; Anglicised: Milosh Obrenovich; born Miloš Teodorović[1]) (18 March 1780 [7 March o.s.] – 26 September 1860) was Prince of Serbia from 1815 to 1839, and again from 1858 to 1860. He participated in the First Serbian Uprising, led Serbs in the Second Serbian Uprising, and founded the House of Obrenović. Under his rule, Serbia became an autonomous dukedom within the Ottoman Empire. He is credited with starting the process of reestablishing Serbian statehood, as well as shaping the domestic and foreign policies of the modern Serbian state. Prince Miloš ruled autocratically, permanently refusing to share power. During his rule, he was the richest man in Serbia and one of the richest in the Balkans.
Contents
Early life
Miloš Obrenović was the son of Višnja Gojković (died 1817) and her second husband, Teodor Mihailović (died 1802), a poor peasant from Montenegro. He was born in the village of Dobrinja, near Požega, in the Užice district. Miloš was the eldest of three boys born to the couple; Jovan (1787–1850) and Jevrem (1790–1881). His mother had been married previously, to Obren Martinović (died 1777), and they had three children: Stana (born 1773), Jakov (1767–1817) and Milan (1770-16 December 1810).
Following the death of his half-brother's Milan, Miloš took surname Obrenović, after the first name of Milan's father.
In his youth, Miloš was a servant in the family of Akso Ječmenica, an affluent cattle trader from Zlatibor.
Marriage and children
In 1805, Miloš married Ljubica Vukomanović (September 1788 - Vienna, 26 May 1843). The couple had at 7 children whose names are known. It is speculated that Ljubica had other pregnancies that resulted in miscarriages, stillbirths, or children who died shortly after birth, with some sources giving a number as high as 17.
- Princess Petrija (5 August 1808-1870)
- Princess Savka (28 March 1814-5 October 1848)
- Prince Milan (21 October 1819-8 July 1839)
- Prince Mihailo (16 September 1823-10 June 1868)
- Princess Marija (born & died 9 July 1830)
- Prince Todor
- Prince Gabriel
Serbian Uprisings and Autonomy
Miloš fought in the First Serbian Uprising until its very end in 1813. His half-brother Milan also took part in the Uprising, rising to become the commander/voivode (duke) of the Rudnik district. After the rebellion collapsed, Miloš was among the few of its leaders that remained in Serbia to face the vengeful returning Ottoman Turks. After the killing of Karađorđe Petrović, in 1817, Obrenović became the leader of the Serbs.
In April 1815, he organized and led the Second Serbian Uprising. By 1817 the Turks defeated Miloš's army, but not before he negotiated with Maraşlı Ali Paşa (English, Marashli Ali Pasha; Serbian, Marašli Ali Paša), the Ottoman governor. As a result of the agreement, Serbia gained some autonomy, but remained under Ottoman sovereignty. Miloš Obrenović was left in power as its absolute ruler. Sultan's decrees of 1830 and 1833 expanded the same rights to a larger territory, and made Serbia a sovereign principality with Miloš Obrenović as hereditary prince. A Metropolitanate of Serbia was established in Belgrade, and made independent from the Patriarchate of Constantinople. Russia's status as the guarantor of Serbia's autonomy was also recognized.
Later rule
The people of Serbia often rebelled against Miloš's autocratic and often brutal rule. Following one such rebellion, he agreed to adopt a constitution in 1835. The move was opposed by neighboring Austria, the ruling Ottoman Empire and Russia. It is believed that the three great empires saw the constitution as a danger to their own autocratic systems of government. Metternich's Austria particularly ridiculed the fact that Serbia had its own flag and ministry of foreign affairs. Miloš abolished the constitution at the demand of Russia and Turkey.
Miloš abdicated in 1839 in favor of his sons – Milan, who died a few weeks later, and Mihailo, who then became prince. Mihailo was deposed in 1842, and the family was out of power until 1858, when it returned with Miloš restored as prince for the last two years of his life.
References
- ^ Milos Obrenovic (Serbian)
- Miloš Obrenović information (Serbian)
Miloš Obrenović I, Prince of SerbiaBorn: 18 March [7 March o.s.] 1780 Died: 26 September 1860Regnal titles New title Prince of Serbia
1817—1839Succeeded by
Milan Obrenović IIPreceded by
Aleksandar KarađorđevićPrince of Serbia
1858—1860Succeeded by
Mihailo Obrenović IIIMonarchs of Serbia 1st Serbian Principality 641–969 Unknown Archont · Višeslav · Radoslav · Prosigoj · Vlastimir · Mutimir · Pribislav · Petar · Pavle · Zaharija · Časlav · annexation, Duklja emerging as seat2nd Serbian Principality
(Duklja)998–1101 Jovan Vladimir · Stefan Vojislav · Mihailo I · Constantine Bodin · Rascia re-emerging as seat (Grand Principality of Serbia)Serbian Grand Principality 1101–1217Vukan · Uroš I · Uroš II · Beloš · Desa · Tihomir · Stefan Nemanja · Stefan II · Proclamation of KingdomSerbian Kingdom 1217–1346Stefan II · Stefan Radoslav · Stefan Vladislav I · Stefan Uroš I · Stefan Dragutin ( · Stefan Vladislav II at Syrmia) · Stefan Uroš II Milutin · Stefan Konstantin · Stefan Uroš III Dečanski · Stefan Uroš IV Dušan · Proclamation of EmpireSerbian Empire 1346–1371Serbian Lordship and Despotate 1371–1537Lazar · Stefan Lazarević · Đurađ Branković · Lazar Branković · Stefan Branković · Stefan Tomašević · Ottoman annexation, titular: · Vuk Grgurević · Đorđe Branković · Jovan Branković · Ivaniš Berislavić · Stevan Berislavić · Radič Božić · Pavle Bakić · Stefan Štiljanović · Ottoman annexationRevolutionary Serbia 1804–1837Karađorđe · Miloš ObrenovićPrincipality of Serbia 1837–1882Miloš I · Milan II · Mihailo III · Aleksandar · Miloš I · Mihailo III · Milan IV · Proclamation of KingdomKingdom of Serbia 1882–1918Milan I · Alexander · Petar I · Proclamation of Kingdom of Yugoslavia · Proclamation of SFR YugoslaviaSerbian revolutionaries (1804-1817) Karađorđe Petrović · Anta Bogićević · Arsenije Loma · Vasa Čarapić · Hajduk Veljko Petrović · Vujica Vulićević · Ilija Barjaktarović · Ilija Čarapić · Jakov Nenadović · Janko Katić · Luka Lazarević · Jovan Obrenović · Milenko Stojković · Milosav Zdravković · Miloš Obrenović · Mladen Milovanović · Pavle Cukić · Paulj Matejić · Petar Teodorović Dobrnjac · Petar Nikolajević Moler · Prota Mateja Nenadović · Sima Marković · Sima Nenadović · Stanoje Glavaš · Stevan Sinđelić · Stojan Čupić · Hadži-Prodan Gligorijević · Cincar-Janko Popović · Čolak-Anta Simeonović · Uzun-Mirko Apostolović · Pavle Popović · Radič Petrović · Milosav Zdravković-Resavac · Petar Novaković-Čardaklija · Jakov Jakšić · Tanasko Rajić · Milić Drinčić · Lazar Mutap-Čačanin · Raka Levajac · Hrista ĐorđevićCategories:- 19th-century Serbian monarchs
- 19th-century Serbian nobility
- 1780 births
- 1860 deaths
- People of the First Serbian Uprising
- Orthodox monarchs
- Serbian revolutionaries
- People from Požega, Serbia
- Eastern Orthodox Christians from Serbia
- Burials at St. Michael's Cathedral (Belgrade)
- House of Obrenović
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