- Tihomir of Serbia
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Tihomir of Serbia
Tihomir ZavidovićGrand Prince of Serbia (Rascia) Grand Prince of Serbia Reign 1166 Predecessor Desa Successor Stefan Nemanja Issue Stefan Prvoslav Full name Tihomir Zavidović (Тихомир Завидовић) Dynasty Vukanović Father Zavida Born before 1113
ZahumljeDied 1171
SitnicaReligion † Eastern Orthodoxy Tihomir Zavidović or Tihomir of Serbia (Serbian: Тихомир Завидовић[A]) was the Grand Prince of the Grand Principality of Serbia (Rascia) fl. 1162-1171.
Contents
Background
Life
He was the first born child of Zavida.[1] After the death of his father, Tihomir is appointed supreme ruler as the Grand Prince of Serbia (1166[1]) by Byzantine Emperor Manuel I Comnenus, however, he rules jointly with his brothers.[1] The lands were divided; Stracimir ruled West Morava, Miroslav ruled Zahumlje and Travunia, Stefan Nemanja was given Toplica, Ibar, Rasina and Reke. Nemanja was also a vassal to Manuel I, through his appanage of Dubočica.[2] Nemanja aided the Imperial army against the Hungarians in Srem in 1164. The tie between Nemanja and Manuel I was most likely seen as a threat to Tihomir.[2]
Stefan Nemanja built the Monastery of Saint Nicholas in Kuršumlija and the Monastery of the Holy Mother of Christ near Kosanica-Toplica, without the approval of Tihomir.[2] Nemanja had felt that he had the free will of doing so, Tihomir disagreed, Nemanja was, or Tihomir thought that he was trying to assert independence through his relation to Manuel I.[2] Tihomir had Nemanja chained and thrown into jail, his lands were annexed.[2] Nemanja's supporters conspired to the church that Tihomir had done all this because of his disapproval of church building, thus the Church turned against Tihomir.[2] Nemanja managed to escape the jail, and returned to his province.[2]
Stefan Nemanja mobilizes an army, possibly with Byzantine help, and heads for the crownland. Manuel I might have been displeased with Tihomir's acting.[2] Nemanja is triumphant, Tihomir and Miroslav and Stracimir are expelled to Byzantium in 1167.[2] Stefan Nemanja quickly became a powerful figure,[2] and Manuel I subsequently turned to Tihomir and his brothers.[3] The Byzantine Empire wanted to see Serbia divided by several princes as to keep it weak.[3]
Manuel I provides Tihomir with an army, coming in from Skopje. In 1171 Nemanja manages to gather a large army and defeats them at Pantino near Zvečan, Tihomir is drowned in the River of Sitnica. Nemanja captures his other brothers and makes peace, giving them rule in their former lands by recognizing him as the only ruler of Serbia. The Nemanjić dynasty was named after Stefan Nemanja who ruled Serbia until 1371.
Aftermath
See also
References
- ^ Name: His first name is Tihomir. According to the Serbian naming system, his full name is Tihomir Zavidović (Тихомир Завидовић).
Sources
- The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century
- Ćorović, Vladimir, Istorija srpskog naroda, Book I, (In Serbian) Electric Book, Rastko Electronic Book, Antikvarneknjige (Cyrillic)
- Curta, Florin (2006). Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500-1250. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-89452-4.
Monarchs of Serbia 1st Serbian Principality 641–969 Unknown Archont · Višeslav · Radoslav · Prosigoj · Vlastimir · Mutimir · Pribislav · Petar · Pavle · Zaharija · Časlav · annexation, Duklja emerging as seat2nd Serbian Principality
(Duklja)998–1101 Jovan Vladimir · Stefan Vojislav · Mihailo I · Constantine Bodin · Rascia re-emerging as seat (Grand Principality of Serbia)Serbian Grand Principality 1101–1217Vukan · Uroš I · Uroš II · Beloš · Desa · Tihomir · Stefan Nemanja · Stefan II · Proclamation of KingdomSerbian Kingdom 1217–1346Stefan II · Stefan Radoslav · Stefan Vladislav I · Stefan Uroš I · Stefan Dragutin ( · Stefan Vladislav II at Syrmia) · Stefan Uroš II Milutin · Stefan Konstantin · Stefan Uroš III Dečanski · Stefan Uroš IV Dušan · Proclamation of EmpireSerbian Empire 1346–1371Serbian Lordship and Despotate 1371–1537Lazar · Stefan Lazarević · Đurađ Branković · Lazar Branković · Stefan Branković · Stefan Tomašević · Ottoman annexation, titular: · Vuk Grgurević · Đorđe Branković · Jovan Branković · Ivaniš Berislavić · Stevan Berislavić · Radič Božić · Pavle Bakić · Stefan Štiljanović · Ottoman annexationRevolutionary Serbia 1804–1837Principality of Serbia 1837–1882Miloš I · Milan II · Mihailo III · Aleksandar · Miloš I · Mihailo III · Milan IV · Proclamation of KingdomKingdom of Serbia 1882–1918Milan I · Alexander · Petar I · Proclamation of Kingdom of Yugoslavia · Proclamation of SFR YugoslaviaTihomir of SerbiaDied: 1171Regnal titles Preceded by
DesaGrand Prince of Serbia
1166Succeeded by
Stefan NemanjaCategories:- 12th-century Serbian monarchs
- House of Vukanović
- Executed reigning monarchs
- Orthodox monarchs
- 1160s deaths
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