Lipodystrophy

Lipodystrophy
Lipodystrophy
Classification and external resources
ICD-10 E88.1
ICD-9 272.6
DiseasesDB 30066
eMedicine med/1307 med/3523
MeSH D008060

Lipodystrophy is a medical condition characterized by abnormal or degenerative conditions of the body's adipose tissue. ("Lipo" is Greek for "fat" and "dystrophy" is Greek for "abnormal or degenerative condition".) A more specific term, lipoatrophy is used when describing the loss of fat from one area (usually the face). This condition is also characterized by a lack of circulating leptin which may lead to osteosclerosis. It is extremely rare, with only 2000 people on the planet thought to have it.[1]

Contents

Types

Lipodystrophy may be divided into the following types:[2]:495-7

  • Congential lipodystrophies
  • Acquired lipodystrophy
  • Acquired partial lipodystrophy (Barraquer-Simons syndrome)
  • Acquired generalized lipodystrophy
  • Centrifugal abdominal lipodystrophy (Lipodystrophia centrifugalis abdominalis infantilis)
  • Lipoatrophia annularis (Ferreira-Marques lipoatrophia)
  • Localized lipodystrophy
  • HIV-associated lipodystrophy

Insulin injections

A lipodystrophy can be a lump or small dent in the skin that forms when a person keeps performing injections in the same spot. These types of lipodystrophies are harmless. People who want to avoid them can do so by changing (rotating) the places where they perform injections. For people with diabetes, using purified insulins may also help.

One of the side-effects of lipodystrophy is the rejection of the injected medication, the slowing down of the absorption of the medication, or trauma that can cause bleeding that, in turn, will reject the medication. In any of these scenarios, the dosage of the medication, such as insulin for diabetics, becomes impossible to gauge correctly and the treatment of the disease for which the medication is administered is impaired thereby allowing the medical condition to worsen.

In some cases, rotation of the injection sites may not be enough to prevent lipodystrophy.

Antiretroviral drugs

Lipodystrophies can be a possible side effect of antiretroviral drugs. Other lipodystrophies manifest as lipid redistribution; with excess, or lack of, fat in various regions of the body. These include, but are not limited to, having sunken cheeks and/or "humps" on the back or back of the neck (also referred to as buffalo hump).[3]

Hereditary forms

Lipodystrophy can be caused by metabolic abnormalities due to genetic issues. These are often characterized by insulin resistance and are associated with Metabolic Syndrome.

See also

  • Keppen–Lubinsky Syndrome

References

  1. ^ http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/howaboutthat/8826277/Mystery-condition-makes-woman-age-50-years-in-just-a-few-days.html
  2. ^ James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0. 
  3. ^ Physical and Biochemical Changes in HIV Disease Eric S. Daar, M.D. MedicineNet, Accessed 22 September 2007

External links

v · d · eInborn error of lipid metabolism: dyslipidemia (E78, 272.0–272.6)
Hyperlipidemia
Hypercholesterolemia/Hypertriglyceridemia (Lipoprotein lipase deficiency/Type Ia, Familial apoprotein CII deficiency/Type Ib, Familial hypercholesterolemia/Type IIa, Combined hyperlipidemia/Type IIb, Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia/Type III, Familial hypertriglyceridemia/Type IV) · Xanthoma/Xanthomatosis
Hypolipoproteinemia
Lipodystrophy
Other

M: MET

mt, k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, a/u, n, m

k, cgrp/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, au, n, m, epon

m(A16/C10),i(k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/o/e, a/u, n, m)
v · d · eDisorders of subcutaneous fat (M79.3, 729.3)
Panniculitis
Lobular
without vasculitis: Cytophagic histiocytic panniculitis · Factitial panniculitis · Gouty panniculitis · Pancreatic panniculitis · Traumatic panniculitis (Cold panniculitis) · needle-shaped clefts (Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn, Sclerema neonatorum, Post-steroid panniculitis) · Lipodermatosclerosis · Weber–Christian disease · Lupus erythematosus panniculitis · Sclerosing lipogranuloma
with vasculitis: Nodular vasculitis/Erythema induratum
Septal
without vasculitis: Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency panniculitis · Erythema nodosum (Acute erythema nodosum, Chronic erythema nodosum)
with vasculitis: Superficial thrombophlebitis
Lipodystrophy
Acquired

generalized: Acquired generalized lipodystrophy

partial: Acquired partial lipodystrophy · Centrifugal abdominal lipodystrophy · HIV-associated lipodystrophy · Lipoatrophia annularis

localized: Localized lipodystrophy
Congenital

Congenital generalized lipodystrophy · Familial partial lipodystrophy

Poland's syndrome

M: INT, SF, LCT

anat/phys/devp

noco(i/b/d/q/u/r/p/m/k/v/f)/cong/tumr(n/e/d), sysi/epon

proc, drug (D2/3/4/5/8/11)

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Look at other dictionaries:

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  • lipodystrophy — n. any of a number of disorders characterized by a disturbance of fat metabolism (Pathology) …   English contemporary dictionary

  • lipodystrophy — li·po·dystrophy …   English syllables

  • lipodystrophy — n. any condition resulting in the loss and/or redistribution of fat tissue in part or all of the body. It may be congenital or acquired later in life (for example, as an adverse effect of drug treatment). Congenital lipodystrophies include… …   The new mediacal dictionary

  • lipodystrophy — ˌ ̷ ̷ ̷ ̷+ noun Etymology: International Scientific Vocabulary lip + dystrophy : a disorder of fat metabolism especially involving loss of fat from or deposition of fat in tissue compare lipoidosis …   Useful english dictionary

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  • Congenital generalized lipodystrophy — Classification and external resources eMedicine article/1113171 Congenital generalized lipodystrophy (also known as Berardinelli–Seip syndrome) is a rare autosomal dominant skin condition, characterized by an extreme paucity of fat in the… …   Wikipedia

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