Descendants of James II of England

James II and VII.

The descendants of James II of England, Stuart monarch of the Kingdom of England, Kingdom of Scotland and Kingdom of Ireland, are numerous. His last descendant in the legitimate line, Henry Benedict Stuart, died in 1807, but there are descendants in illegitimate lines to this day.

James was married twice; his first wife was Anne Hyde, the daughter of the first Earl of Clarendon. After her death, he married Mary of Modena. Many of his legitimate children from both marriages died in infancy, but four survived. Two of James's mistresses also bore him illegitimate children; these are the only lines of his descendants that are known for certain to exist to this day. This article deals with the most senior figures who were descended from James' children.

James's genealogy is of interest in part because a political movement, Jacobitism, arose from the claim his legitimate descendants were considered by some to have to the thrones of England, Ireland, and Scotland (and, later on, the United Kingdom). Also, several of James's descendants with his mistresses have been notable in the history of Great Britain and Ireland, some specifically because they were James's descendants.

Legitimate issue

by Anne Hyde

James II and Anne Hyde also had six other children, though none of them survived infancy. Their names were Charles Stuart, Duke of Cambridge (22 October 1660 – 5 May 1661), James Stuart, Duke of Cambridge (12 July 1663 – 20 June 1667), Charles Stuart, Duke of Kendal (4 July 1666 – 22 May 1667), Edgar Stuart, Duke of Cambridge (14 September 1667 – 15 November 1669), Henrietta (13 January 1669 – 15 November 1669) and Catherine (9 February 1671 – 5 December 1671).

Mary II of England

Descendant	Portrait	Birth	Marriages	Death
Mary II of England 1662–1694		30 April 1662 St James's Palace daughter of James II and Anne Hyde	William III of England St James's Palace 4 November 1677 3 children (none survived infancy)	28 December 1694 Kensington Palace aged 32

Anne of Great Britain

Descendant	Portrait	Birth	Marriages	Death
Anne of Great Britain 1665–1714[1]		6 February 1665 St James's Palace daughter of James II and Anne Hyde[2]	George of Denmark St James's Palace 28 July 1683 17 children None survived childhood[2]	1 August 1714 Kensington Palace aged 49[2]

by Mary of Modena

James II and Mary of Modena also had five other children, though none survived childhood. Their names were Catherine Laura (10 January 1675–3 October 1676), Isabel (28 August 1676–2 March 1681), Charles, Duke of Cambridge (7 November 1677–12 December 1677), Elizabeth (1678–c. 1678) and Charlotte Maria (16 August 1682–16 October 1682).

James, Prince of Wales

Descendant	Portrait	Birth	Marriages	Death
James Francis Edward Stuart 1688–1766		10 June 1688[3] St. James's Palace son of James II of England and Mary of Modena	Clementina Sobieski 3 September 1719 2 children	1 January 1766 Palazzo Muti aged 77
Charles Edward Stuart ("Bonnie Prince Charlie") 1766–1788		31 December 1720[4] Palazzo Muti son of James Francis Edward Stuart and Clementina Sobieski	Married Louise of Stolberg-Gedern (no issue) (1 illegitimate child)	31 January 1788 Palazzo Muti aged 67
Henry Benedict Stuart 1788–1807		11 March 1725[5] Rome son of James Francis Edward Stuart and Clementina Sobieski	never married	13 July 1807 Frascati aged 82

The question of James, Prince of Wales's legitimate descendants is a controversial issue due to its connection to Jacobitism, the 1689 Bill of Rights, and the 1701 Act of Settlement. Their exclusion from the line of succession was seen by some as biased and unfair, while others felt it was necessary in order to protect the supremacy of the Church of England.

The last completely accepted descendant of James's legitimate children was Charles Edward, Count Roehenstart who died without issue in 1854. He was the illegitimate son of Charlotte Stuart, Duchess of Albany, who was the illegitimate child of Charles Edward Stuart. The Duchess of Albany was known to have had three illegitimate children; Count Roehenstart and two daughters named Charlotte and Marie-Victoire.

It was presumed by scholarly historians such as James Lees-Milne in The Last Stuarts (published 1983) that the Duchess of Albany's two daughters died childless. However, in 2002 writer Peter Pininski released a book entitled The Stuarts' Last Secret, presenting evidence that Marie-Victoire married Polish nobleman the Chevalier de Nikorowicz in 1779 and had a son named Antime. Antime's daughter Julie, married Count Leonard Pininski, who was the author Peter Pininski's Great Grandfather, thus making him one of the surviving descendants of Charles Edward Stuart.

Louisa Maria Teresa

Descendant	Portrait	Birth	Marriages	Death
Louisa Maria Teresa Stuart 1692–1712		30 April 1692 St James's Palace daughter of James II and Mary of Modena	never married	18 April 1712 Saint-Germain-en-Laye aged 19

Illegitimate issue

by Arabella Churchill

The two also had one additional child, Arabella FitzJames (1674 - 7 November 1704) who became a nun.

Henrietta FitzJames

See also: Earl Waldegrave

Descendant	Portrait	Birth	Marriages	Death
Henrietta FitzJames 1677–1730		1667 daughter of James II and Arabella Churchill	Henry Waldegrave, 1st Baron Waldegrave 29 November 1683 2 children Piers Butler, 3rd Viscount of Galmoye 3 April 1695 1 child	3 April 1730 aged 63
James Waldegrave, 1st Earl Waldegrave 1730–1741		1684 son of Henrietta FitzJames and Henry Waldegrave, 1st Baron Waldegrave	Mary Webb 1714 3 children	11 April 1741 Navestock aged 57
James Waldegrave, 2nd Earl Waldegrave 1741–1763		4 March 1714 son of James Waldegrave, 1st Earl Waldegrave and Mary Webb	Maria Walpole 15 May 1759 3 children	13 April 1763 London aged 49
John Waldegrave, 3rd Earl Waldegrave 1763–1784		28 April 1718 son of James Waldegrave, 1st Earl Waldegrave and Mary Webb	Lady Elizabeth Leveson-Gower 7 May 1751 4 children	22 October 1784 aged 66
George Waldegrave, 4th Earl Waldegrave 1784–1789		23 November 1751 son of John Waldegrave, 3rd Earl Waldegrave and Elizabeth Leveson-Gower	Lady Elizabeth Waldegrave 5 May 1782 5 children	22 October 1789 aged 38
George Waldegrave, 5th Earl Waldegrave 1789–1794		13 July 1784 son of George Waldegrave, 4th Earl Waldegrave and Elizabeth Waldegrave	never married	29 June 1794 River Thames aged 9
John James Waldegrave, 6th Earl Waldegrave 1794–1835		31 July 1785 son of George Waldegrave, 4th Earl Waldegrave and Elizabeth Waldegrave	Anne King 30 October 1815 Paris 4 children	31 July 1835 Strawberry Hill, London aged 50
George Edward Waldegrave, 7th Earl Waldegrave 1835–1846		8 February 1816 son of John James Waldegrave, 6th Earl Waldegrave and Anne King	Frances Elizabeth Anne Braham 28 September 1840 Edinburgh No children	28 September 1846 Harptree Court aged 30
William Waldegrave, 8th Earl Waldegrave 1846–1859		27 October 1788 Navestock son of George Waldegrave, 4th Earl Waldegrave and Elizabeth Waldegrave	Elizabeth Whitbread 10 August 1812 5 children Sarah Whitear 8 December 1846 No children	24 October 1859 Hastings aged 71
William Frederick Waldegrave, 9th Earl Waldegrave 1859–1930		2 March 1851 son of William Waldegrave, Viscount Chewton and Frances Bastard	Mary Dorothea Palmer 1876 2 children	12 August 1930 aged 79
William Waldegrave, 10th Earl Waldegrave 1930–1933		2 October 1882 son of William Frederick Waldegrave, 9th Earl Waldegrave and Mary Dorothea Palmer	never married	30 January 1933 aged 50
Henry Noel Waldegrave, 11th Earl Waldegrave 1933–1936		14 October 1854 son of William Waldegrave, Viscount Chewton and Frances Bastard	Anne Katharine Bastard 27 October 1892 5 children	30 December 1936 aged 82
Geoffrey Noel Waldegrave, 12th Earl Waldegrave 1936–1995		21 November 1905 son of Henry Noel Waldegrave, 11th Earl Waldegrave and Anne Katharine Bastard	Mary Hermione Grenfell 2 October 1930 7 children	23 May 1995 aged 89
James Waldegrave, 13th Earl Waldegrave 1995–present		8 December 1940 son of Geoffrey Noel Waldegrave, 12th Earl Waldegrave and Mary Hermione Grenfell	Mary Alison Furness 1986 2 children

James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick

See also: House of FitzJames and Duke of Berwick

Descendant	Portrait	Birth	Marriages	Death
James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick 1670–1734		21 August 1670 Moulins, Allier son of James II of England and Arabella Churchill	Honora de Burgh, Countess de Lucan 26 March 1695 1 child Anne Bulkeley 18 April 1700 10 children	12 June 1734 Philippsburg aged 63
James Fitz-James Stuart, 2nd Duke of Berwick 1734–1738		21 October 1696 son of James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick and Honora de Burgh, Countess de Lucan	Catalina Colón de Portugal y Ayala, 9th condesa de Gelves 31 December 1716 6 children	2 June 1738 Naples aged 41
James Fitz-James Stuart, 3rd Duke of Berwick 1738–1785		28 December 1718 Madrid son of James Fitz-James Stuart, 2nd Duke of Berwick and Catalina Colón de Portugal y Ayala, 9th condesa de Gelves	María Teresa de Silva y Alvarez de Toledo 26 June 1738 1 child	30 September 1785 Valencia aged 66
Carlos Fitz-James Stuart, 4th Duke of Berwick 1785–1787		25 March 1752 Liria son of James Fitz-James Stuart, 3rd Duke of Berwick and María Teresa de Silva y Alvarez de Toledo	Carolina Augusta, Prinzessin zu Stolberg-Gedern 15 September 1771 2 children	7 September 1787 Madrid aged 35
Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart, 5th Duke of Berwick 1787–1794		25 February 1773 Paris son of Carlos FitzJames Stuart, 4th Duke of Berwick and Carolina Augusta, Prinzessin zu Stolberg-Gedern	María Teresa de Silva Fernandez de Hijar y Palafox 24 January 1790 2 children	3 April 1794 died aged 21
Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart, 6th Duke of Berwick 1794–1795		3 January 1792 son of Jacobo FitzJames Stuart, 5th Duke of Berwick and María Teresa de Silva Fernandez de Hijar y Palafox	never married	5 January 1795 aged 3
Carlos Fitz-James Stuart, 7th Duke of Berwick 1795–1835		19 May 1794 Madrid son of Jacobo FitzJames Stuart, 5th Duke of Berwick and María Teresa de Silva Fernandez de Hijar y Palafox	Rosalia de Ventimiglia 15 February 1817 3 children	7 October 1835 Sion aged 41
Jacobo FitzJames Stuart, 8th Duke of Berwick 1835–1881		3 June 1821 Palermo son of Carlos FitzJames Stuart, 7th Duke of Berwick and Rosalia de Ventimiglia	María Francisca Portocarrero Palafox y Kirck Patrick, 12th duquesa de Peñaranda 14 February 1848 3 children	10 July 1881 Madrid aged 60
Carlos FitzJames Stuart, 9th Duke of Berwick 1881–1901		4 December 1849 Madrid son of Jacobo FitzJames Stuart, 8th Duke of Berwick and María Francisca Portocarrero Palafox y Kirck Patrick, 12th duquesa de Peñaranda	María del Rosário Falcó y Osório, 12th condesa de Siruela 10 December 1877 3 children	15 October 1901 New York City aged 51
Jacobo FitzJames Stuart, 10th Duke of Berwick 1901–1953		17 October 1878 Madrid son of Carlos FitzJames Stuart, 9th Duke of Berwick and María del Rosário Falcó y Osório, 12th condesa de Siruela	María del Rosario de Silva y Gurtubay, 9th marquesa de San Vicente del Barco 7 October 1920 1 child	24 September 1953 Lausanne aged 74
Fernando FitzJames Stuart, 11th Duke of Berwick 1953–1970		24 January 1922 El Guadalperal son of Carlos Fernando Fitz-James Stuart y Falcó, 14th duque de Peñaranda and María del Carmen de Saavedra y Collado, 13th marquesa de Villaviciosa	María Isabel Gómez y Ruíz 1944 4 children	20 July 1970 El Guadalperal aged 48
Jacobo FitzJames Stuart, 12th Duke of Berwick 1970–present		15 November 1947 son of Fernando FitzJames Stuart, 11th Duke of Berwick and María Isabel Gómez y Ruíz	not married

Henry FitzJames, 1st Duke of Albemarle

Descendant	Portrait	Birth	Marriages	Death
Henry FitzJames, 1st Duke of Albemarle 1673–1702		6 August 1673 son of James II and Arabella Churchill	Marie Gabrielle d' Audibert 20 July 1700 1 child	16 December 1702 Bagnols aged 29

by Catherine Sedley

Catherine Darnley

who married James, 3rd earl of Anglesey (biological father now known to be Colonel Graham)^{[citation needed]}

See also: Duke of Buckingham and Normanby, Baron Mulgrave, and Marquess of Normanby

Descendant	Portrait	Birth	Marriages	Death
Constantine Phipps, 1st Baron Mulgrave 1767–1775		22 August 1722 son of William Phipps and Lady Catherine Annesley	Hon. Lepell Hervey 26 February 1743 6 children	13 September 1775 aged 53
Constantine Phipps, 2nd Baron Mulgrave 1775–1792		30 May 1744 son of Constantine Phipps, 1st Baron Mulgrave and Lepell Hervey	Anne Elizabeth Cholmley 20 June 1787 1 child	10 October 1792 Liège aged 48
Henry Phipps, 1st Earl of Mulgrave 1792–1831		14 February 1755 son of Constantine Phipps, 1st Baron Mulgrave and Lepell Hervey	Martha Sophia Maling 20 October 1795 5 children	7 April 1831 Mulgrave Castle aged 76
Constantine Phipps, 1st Marquess of Normanby 1831–1863		15 May 1797 Mulgrave Castle son of Henry Phipps, 1st Earl of Mulgrave and Martha Sophia Maling	Maria Liddell 21 August 1818 1 child	28 July 1863 London aged 66
George Phipps, 2nd Marquess of Normanby 1863–1890		23 July 1819 son of Constantine Phipps, 1st Marquess of Normanby and Maria Liddell	Laura Russell 17 August 1844 7 children	3 April 1890 Brighton aged 70
Constantine Phipps, 3rd Marquess of Normanby 1890–1932		29 August 1846 Mulgrave Castle son of George Phipps, 2nd Marquess of Normanby and Laura Russell	Gertrude Stansfeld Foster 30 December 1903 3 children	25 August 1932 London aged 85
Oswald Phipps, 4th Marquess of Normanby 1932–1994		29 July 1912 son of Constantine Phipps, 3rd Marquess of Normanby and Gertrude Stansfeld Foster	Grania Méve Rosaura Guinness 10 February 1951 7 children	30 January 1994 aged 81
Constantine Phipps, 5th Marquess of Normanby 1994–present		24 February 1954 son of Oswald Phipps, 4th Marquess of Normanby and Grania Méve Rosaura Guinness	Nicola Shulman 1990 3 children

Descent to the Mitford Sisters

• Constantine Phipps, 1st Baron Mulgrave (see above)
• Henrietta-Maria Phipps m. Charles, 12th Viscount Dillon
• Henry 13th Viscount Dillon
• Henrietta-Maria Dillon m. Edward Stanley, 2nd Baron Stanley of Alderley
• Blanche Stanley (1829-1921) m. David, 10th Earl of Airlie
• Lady Clementine Ogilvy m. Algernon Freeman-Mitford, 1st Baron Redesdale
• David, 2nd Lord Redesdale
• The Mitford sisters

References

1. ^ "Anne (England) - Archontology.org". http://www.archontology.org/nations/england/king_grbritain/anne.php. Retrieved 2007-10-25. 
2. ^ ^{a b c} "thePeerage.com - Person Page 10134". http://www.thepeerage.com/p10134.htm#i101338. Retrieved 2007-10-25. 
3. ^ "Stuart, James Francis Edward, Duke of Cornwall". Directory of Royal Genealogical Data: University of Hull. http://www3.dcs.hull.ac.uk/cgi-bin/gedlkup/n=royal?royal00719. Retrieved 2008-03-21. 
4. ^ "Stuart, Charles Edward Louis Casimer, Prince of Wales". Directory of Royal Genealogical Data: University of Hull. http://www3.dcs.hull.ac.uk/cgi-bin/gedlkup/n=royal?royal00722. Retrieved 2008-03-21. 
5. ^ "Stuart, Henry Benedict Thomas Maria, Duke of York". Directory of Royal Genealogical Data: University of Hull. http://www3.dcs.hull.ac.uk/cgi-bin/gedlkup/n=royal?royal00723. Retrieved 2008-03-21.