Outline of computer science

Outline of computer science

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to computer science:

Computer science (also called computing science) – study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and their implementation and application in computer systems. One well known subject classification system for computer science is the ACM Computing Classification System devised by the Association for Computing Machinery.

Contents

Mathematical foundations

Algorithms and data structures

  • AlgorithmsSequential and parallel computational procedures for solving a wide range of problems.
  • Data structuresThe organization and manipulation of data.

Artificial intelligence

  • Artificial intelligenceThe implementation and study of systems that exhibit an autonomous intelligence or behavior of their own.
  • Automated reasoningSolving engines, such as used in Prolog, which produce steps to a result given a query on a fact and rule database, and automated theorem provers that aim to prove mathematical theorems with some assistance from a programmer.
  • RoboticsAlgorithms for controlling the behavior of robots.
  • Computer visionAlgorithms for identifying three dimensional objects from a two dimensional picture.
  • Machine learningAutomated creation of a set of rules and axioms based on input.

Collaborative Networks

  • Virtual OrganizationIncluding virtual enterprises, extended enterprises.
  • VO Breeding EnvironmentIncluding industry clusters, industrial districts, digital business ecosystems.
  • Professional virtual communityIncluding virtual teams, social networks.

Communications and Security

  • NetworkingAlgorithms and protocols for reliably communicating data across different shared or dedicated media, often including error correction.
  • Computer securityPractical aspects of securing computer systems and computer networks.
  • CryptographyApplies results from complexity, probability and number theory to invent and break codes, and analyze the security of cryptographic protocols.

Computer architecture

  • Computer architectureThe design, organization, optimization and verification of a computer system, mostly about CPUs and Memory subsystem (and the bus connecting them).
  • Operating systemsSystems for managing computer programs and providing the basis of a usable system.

Computer graphics

  • Computer graphicsAlgorithms both for generating visual images synthetically, and for integrating or altering visual and spatial information sampled from the real world.
  • Image processingDetermining information from an image through computation.
  • Human computer interactionThe study and design of computer interfaces that people use.

Concurrent, parallel, and distributed systems

  • ConcurrencyThe theory and practice of simultaneous computation; data safety in any multitasking or multithreaded environment.
  • Parallel computingComputing using multiple concurrent threads of execution, devising algorithms for solving problems on multiple processors to achieve maximal speed-up compared to sequential execution.
  • Distributed computingComputing using multiple computing devices over a network to accomplish a common objective or task and thereby reducing the latency involved in single processor contributions for any task.

Databases

  • Relational databasesthe set theoretic and algorithmic foundation of databases.
  • Data miningStudy of algorithms for searching and processing information in documents and databases; closely related to information retrieval.

Programming languages and compilers

Scientific computing

Software engineering

  • Formal methodsMathematical approaches for describing and reasoning about software designs.
  • Software engineeringThe principles and practice of designing, developing, and testing programs, as well as proper engineering practices.
  • Reverse engineeringThe application of the scientific method to the understanding of arbitrary existing software
  • Algorithm designUsing ideas from algorithm theory to creatively design solutions to real tasks
  • Computer programmingThe practice of using a programming language to implement algorithms

Theory of computation

  • Automata theoryDifferent logical structures for solving problems.
  • Computability theoryWhat is calculable with the current models of computers. Proofs developed by Alan Turing and others provide insight into the possibilities of what may be computed and what may not.
  • Computational complexity theoryFundamental bounds (especially time and storage space) on classes of computations.
  • Quantum computing theoryExplores computational models involving quantum superposition of bits.

History

Vocations

Basic concepts

Data and data structures

Other

Programming paradigms

Object oriented programming

Other

See also

External links

Webcasts

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