- Yiquan
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Yiquan Chinese 意拳 Literal meaning "Mind Boxing" Transcriptions Mandarin - Hanyu Pinyin Yìquán - Wade–Giles I4 Ch'üan2 dacheng quan Chinese 大成拳 Literal meaning "Great Achievement Boxing" Transcriptions Mandarin - Wade–Giles Ta Ch'en Ch'uan Part of the series on
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Related Yi quan, also known as dacheng quan, is a martial art system which was founded by the Chinese xingyiquan master, Wang Xiangzhai (王薌齋).
Contents
History
Having studied xingyiquan with Guo Yunshen in his childhood,[1] Wang Xiangzhai travelled China, meeting, comparing skills with masters of various styles of kung fu.[1] In the mid-1920s, he came to the conclusion that xingyiquan was often taught wrong,[citation needed] with too much emphasis on 'outer form', neglecting the essence of true martial power.[citation needed] He started to teach what he felt was the true essence of the art using a different name, without the 'xing' (meaning form). Wang Xiangzhai, who had a great knowledge about the theory and history of his art, used the name "Yiquan" (意拳) as it had already been used in historical texts, such as "liuhequan xu" (foreword to the six harmonies boxing, said to be written by Dai Longbang himself : "When Yue Fei was a child, he received special instructions from Zhou Tong. He became skilled in the spear method. He then used his spear art to create a fist method and called it Yi Quan. Mysterious and fabulous, nobody had never had such skills before...")
In the 1940s one of Wang Xiangzhai's students wrote an article about his "school" and named it "Dachengquan" (大成拳) which was supposed to mean "great compilation boxing". This name was no longer used by Wang Xiangzhai at the end of his life and, thus, his students came back to the first name of their master's teaching (Yiquan) after his death.
In the 1930s in Shanghai, Wang studied medicine and culture with Qian Yan Tang, a famous scholar and doctor. It was here that Qian introduced the idea that further exploration of Zhan Zhuang (standing practice) might be fundamental to the development of Yiquan. Wang researched this idea in the doctor's library, which was full of classic texts. Wang was always changing the practice and method of Yiquan, always innovating based on natural principles.
The style
Yiquan is essentially formless, containing no fixed sets of fighting movements or techniques. Instead, focus is put on developing one's natural movement and fighting abilities through a system of training methods and concepts, working to improve the perception of one's body, its movement, and of force. Yiquan is also set apart from other eastern martial arts in that traditional concepts like qi, meridians, dantian etc., are omitted, the reason being that understanding one's true nature happens in the present, and that preconceptions block this process.
Yiquan seems to have been influenced by various other arts that Wang was exposed to, including Fujian hèquán, T'ai chi ch'uan, bāguàzhǎng, and Liuhebafa[citation needed]. Other arts as well, such as the swimming dragon posture, present in shiao jiao, is transformed through feeling, understanding, and the condition of the practitioner[citation needed]. In fact, typical movements and postures from other systems abound in yiquan. It was the internal core of these other arts that made them effective. This core is what Master Wang decoded. In essence, there is only one principle of merit in all martial arts, one core, one moment of truth, one Natural Fist.[citation needed]
Overview
The actual training in yiquan can generally be divided into:
- Zhan zhuang (站樁) Standing pole postures where emphasis is put on natural condition, working to improve listening to the body and on developing hunyuan li, "Natural living force" or "all things that make the whole".
- Shi li (試力) Testing force moving exercises, trying to bring the sensations of hunyuan li developed through Zhan zhuang into movements.
- Moca bu (摩擦步) Friction stepping Shi li for the legs.
- Fa li Emission of force a practice later dropped by Wang.
- Shi Sheng Producing sound with voice a high level occurrence, only relative to those with formidable understanding already in place.
- JiJi Fa Real combat not sparring.
Principle of Nature: All truth and action occur in Shunjian, the split second of now. Everything before and after this moment is 'Wu', the Void, and thus, uncontrollable or unknowable. All objective and preconception is fixed and not in accordance with this undetermined state of Nature. "The Dao that is called the Dao is not the eternal Dao".
Schools
Famous schools include the Han Xing Yuan (韓星垣) School, the Han Xing Qiao (韓星橋) School, the Han Shi Yiquan school (founded by Han Jing Chen), son of Han Xing Qiao), the Li Jian Yu (李見宇) School, the Da Cheng Dao (大成道) School，US. Teachers of modern yiquan include Yao Chengguang (姚承光) and Yao Chengrong (姚承榮), twin sons of Yao Zongxun (姚宗勛) and Cui Ruibin of Beijing. Teachers in the USA include Fong Ha of Berkeley, CA (student of Han Xing Yuan), Andrew Plack (Han Shi Yi Quan), Glenn Pasion (Han Shi Yi Quan) of Hawaii, Sifu Gregory Fong of Portland, Oregon, Sifu John Koo of Portland, Oregon, and Master Wang Ren Gang(王仁刚, Queens, NY.
References
External links
- About Wang wiangzhai's teaching
- Grandmaster Wang Xiang-Zhai (1885-1963)
- Wang Xiangzhai - General Principles for Dachengquan
- Wang Xiangzhai’s directions in verse for Dachengquan
- Yiquan's Mocabu friction stepwork
- Han Shi Yiquan Hawaii Homesite
- Chinese Healing Arts, Sifu Gregory Fong
- Beijing Yiquan Academy, Master Yao Cheng Rong
- Orange County Fight Center
- French Academy of Kung Fu Wushu and Qi Gong (French)
- Yiquan and Qigong Institute Walter Marek (German)
- www.fongha.com
- Internal Martial Arts Association of Serbia
- Russia Yiquan Academy
- Da Cheng Dao(US)
- Chinese Fistology, Sifu John Koo
- Russia Centr Yiquan
- Yiquan Club Munich
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