- Nesterov
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For other uses, see Nesterov (disambiguation).
Nesterov (English)
Не́стеров (Russian)- Town[citation needed] - 
Townscape
Location of Kaliningrad Oblast in Russia
NesterovCoordinates: 54°37′50″N 22°34′24″E / 54.63056°N 22.57333°ECoordinates: 54°37′50″N 22°34′24″E / 54.63056°N 22.57333°E 
Coat of arms Administrative status Country Russia Federal subject Kaliningrad Oblast Administrative center of Nesterovsky District[citation needed] Municipal status (as of July 2009) Municipal district Nesterovsky Municipal District[citation needed] Urban settlement Nesterovskoye Urban Settlement[citation needed] Statistics Area 8 km2 (3.1 sq mi)[citation needed] Population (2010 Census,
preliminary)4,584 inhabitants[1] Population (2002 Census) 5,049 inhabitants[2] Density 573 /km2 (1,480 /sq mi)[3] Time zone USZ1 (UTC+03:00)[4] First mentioned 1539[citation needed] Previous names Stallupönen (until 1938),[citation needed]
Ebenrode (until 1946)[citation needed]Dialing code(s) +7 40144[citation needed] Official website 
Stallupönen in 1906
Nesterov (Russian: Не́стеров; German: Stallupönen, 1938-46 Ebenrode; Lithuanian: Stalupėnai; Polish: Stołupiany) is a town and the administrative center of Nesterovsky District of Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia. Population: 4,584 (2010 Census preliminary results);[1] 5,049 (2002 Census);[2] 4,826 (1989 Census).[5]
Contents
History
In the Middle Ages, the area in Old Prussia had been settled by the Nadruvian tribe of the Baltic Prussians. It was conquered by the Teutonic Knights about 1276 and incorporated into the State of the Teutonic Order. From the 15th century onwards, the Knights largely resettled the lands with Samogitian and Lithuanian colonists.
The settlement itself was first mentioned as Stallupoenen, Stallupönen, in 1539, named after a nearby river called Stalupė in Lithuanian. At that time, with the secularization of the Order's Prussian lands in 1525, Stallupönen had already become part of the Duchy of Prussia, a Polish fief which in 1618 was inherited by the Hohenzollern margraves of Brandenburg. Stallupönen then belonged to Brandenburg-Prussia and in 1701 became part of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701, King Frederick William I granted it town privileges in 1722. From 1773 it was administered in the Province of East Prussia beginning in 1773 and during the Prussian-led unification of Germany, Stallupönen became part of the German Empire in 1871.
Devastated Stallupönen, 1914In August 1914, the city and the surrounding area were a focal point of Battle of Stalluponen between Russian and Imperial German armies, an opening battle on the Eastern Front of World War I.
Because of the Lithuanian minority living there, the Republic of Lithuania tried unsuccessfully to obtain the town from Germany after World War I. Because "Stallupönen" sounded too "un-German", the Nazi regime renamed the town Ebenrode in 1938.
The town was overrun by the Soviet Red Army during World War II. The region was transferred from Germany to the Russian SFSR in 1945 and made part of the Kaliningrad Oblast. The town, whose German inhabitants largely evacuated or were expelled westward, was renamed Nesterov after Sergey Nesterov, a Soviet war hero who was killed in the vicinity.
Today Nesterov is the administrative centre of Nesterovsky District (one of the oblast's raions) and one of the cultural centres of the Lithuanian minority in Russia. It lies on the Russian/Lithuanian border on the railway connecting Kaliningrad Oblast with Moscow.
People from Stallupönen
- Friedrich Dulk (*1788-), chemist, pharmacist, wrote Preußische Pharmakopöe
- Werner Gitt (born 1937), engineer
- Felix Steiner (1896–1966), Heer and Waffen-SS officer who served in both World War I and World War II
- Klaus Theweleit (1942-), German sociologist and writer
- Walther Funk
- Oscar Werwath
- Wilhelm Paasche
References
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2010). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved 2011-04-25.
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
- ^ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
- ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication).
- ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
External links
Cities and towns in Kaliningrad Oblast Administrative center: Kaliningrad (Königsberg)
Bagrationovsk (Preußisch Eylau) · Baltiysk (Pillau) · Chernyakhovsk (Insterburg) · Guryevsk (Neuhausen) · Gusev (Gumbinnen) · Gvardeysk (Tapiau) · Krasnoznamensk (Lasdehnen) · Ladushkin (Ludwigsort) · Mamonovo (Heiligenbeil) · Neman (Ragnit) · Nesterov (Stallupönen) · Ozyorsk (Darkehmen) · Pionersky (Neukuhren) · Polessk (Labiau) · Pravdinsk (Friedland in Ostpreußen) · Slavsk (Heinrichswalde) · Sovetsk (Tilsit) · Svetlogorsk (Rauschen) · Svetly (Zimmerbude) · Zelenogradsk (Cranz)
Categories:- Cities and towns in Kaliningrad Oblast
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