Thio-

This article is about the prefix in organic chemistry. For the town in New Caledonia, see Thio, New Caledonia.

The prefix thio-, when applied to a chemical, such as an ion, means that an oxygen atom in the compound has been replaced by a sulfur atom. This meaning is especially valid in organic chemistry. For example, the word ether refers to an oxygen-containing compound having the general chemical structure R-O-R', where R and R' are organic radicals and O is an oxygen atom. Thioether refers to an analogous compound with the general structure R-S-R' where S is a sulfur atom covalently bonded to two organic radicals ^[1]. A chemical reaction involving the replacement of oxygen to sulfur is called thionation or thiation.

Thio- can be prefixed with di- and tri- in chemical nomenclature.

The word derives from Greek θειον = "sulfur" (which occurs in Greek epic poetry as θειον and may come from the same root as Latin fumus (Indo-European dh-w) and may have originally meant "fumigation substance".)

See also

• Organosulfur compounds
• Seleno-
• Telluro-
• Thioamide
• Thiocyanate
• Thioether
• Thioketone
• Thiol
• Thiophene
• Thiourea
• Thiosulfate
• IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry

References

1. ^ March, Jerry (1985), Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure (3rd ed.), New York: Wiley, ISBN 0-471-85472-7