- Mark 81 bomb
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Mark 81 General Purpose (GP) Bomb 
Crewmen upload three Mark 81 general purpose high explosive bombs, with Mark 14 TRD (Tail Retarding Device) attached, aboard an A-4F Skyhawk aircraft from Marine Attack Squadron 133 (VMA-133).Type Low-drag general purpose bomb Place of origin United States Specifications Weight 262 lb (119 kg) Length 74 in (1880 mm) Diameter 9 in (229 mm) Filling Tritonal, Minol or Composition H6 Filling weight 96 lb (44 kg) The Mark 81 (Mk 81) 250 lb (113 kg) general purpose bomb (nicknamed "Firecracker") was the smallest of the Mark 80 series of low-drag general-purpose bombs.
Contents
Development & deployment
Developed for United States military forces in the 1950s, it was first used during the Vietnam War. The bomb consists of a cast steel case with 96 lb (44 kg) of Composition H6, Minol or Tritonal explosive. The power of the Mk 81 was found to be inadequate for U.S. military tactical use, and it was quickly discontinued, although license-built copies or duplicates of this weapon remain in service with various other nations.
Development of a precision guided variant of the Mk 81 bomb (GBU-29) was started due to its potential to reduce collateral damage compared to larger bombs, but this program has now been cancelled[1] in favor of the Small Diameter Bomb.
Variants
- Mark 81 Snakeye fitted with a Mark 14 TRD (Tail Retarding Device) to increase the bomb's drag after release. The bomb's increased air-time, coupled with its (relatively) forgiving safe drop envelope, allowed for very low-level bombing runs at slower speed. Used commonly in the close air support (CAS) role in Vietnam (prior to wider availability of GBU precision ordnance). Nicknamed "snake", as in the typical Vietnam CAS loadout of "snake and nape" (250-lb. Mk-81 Snakeye bombs and 500-lb. M-47 napalm canisters).
- GBU-29 Joint Direct Attack Munition, a precision guided version of the Mark 81 (cancelled).[1]
See also
References
- Notes
- ^ a b "GBU-29 Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM)". GlobalSecurity.org. http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/munitions/gbu-29.htm. Retrieved 13 October 2010.
- Bibliography
- Tom, Gervasi (1981). Arsenal of Democracy II: American military power in the 1980s and the origins of the new cold war with a survey of American weapons and arms exports. Volume 2 (Paperback ed.). London, United Kingdom: The Book Service (TBS) Ltd. ISBN 978-0-394-17662-8.
External links
Lists relating to aviation General Aircraft (manufacturers) · Aircraft engines (manufacturers) · Airlines (defunct) · Airports · Civil authorities · Museums · Registration prefixes · Rotorcraft (manufacturers) · TimelineMilitary Accidents/incidents Records Categories:- Cold War aerial bombs of the United States
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