Deities & Demigods

For the article on gods see Deity

Deities & Demigods
Deities & Demigods, first edition cover artwork by Erol Otus
Author(s)	Various
Genre(s)	Role-playing game
Publisher	TSR
Publication date	1980, 2002
Media type	Print (Hardcover)
Pages	144 (1980 edition) 128 (1981 edition)
ISBN	0-935696-22-9 (first edition)
OCLC Number	14001409
Dewey Decimal	794 19
LC Classification	GV1469.62.D84 W37 1984

Deities & Demigods (abbreviated DDG^[1]), alternatively known as Legends & Lore (abbreviated L&L or LL^[1]), is a reference book for the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game (D&D). The book provides descriptions and game statistics of gods and legendary creatures from various sources in mythology and fiction. The book allows dungeon masters to incorporate aspects of religions and myth into their D&D campaigns.

Deities & Demigods was originally published in 1980 by TSR, Inc.^[2] and is now published by Wizards of the Coast, who acquired the D&D brand with their purchase of TSR in 1998. The book has been through numerous printings in multiple editions; the current edition bears little resemblance to the earliest printings.

The various editions of the sourcebook are frequently inconsistent with the myths and legends from which they draw inspiration and should not be considered a general reference work. The entities and beings described within are in many cases altered from their historically accurate roots to better serve the needs of the D&D game.

The original 1980 edition was the first print appearance of various fictional non-human deities, such as Corellon Larethian, Moradin, Gruumsh, and others, many of which have become standard features of the D&D game and its derivatives. These deities were the creation of Jim Ward.

Pantheons

The original edition of Deities & Demigods contained 17 pantheons of gods:

• American Indian Mythos
• Arthurian Heroes
• Babylonian Mythos
• Celtic Mythos
• Mesoamerican Mythos (i.e. Aztec and Maya)
• Chinese Mythos
• Cthulhu Mythos (from H. P. Lovecraft and related fiction)
• Egyptian Mythos
• Melnibonéan Mythos (from Michael Moorcock's Elric novels)
• Finnish Mythos
• Greek Mythos and Heroes
• Indian Mythos
• Japanese Mythos
• Nehwon Mythos (from Fritz Leiber's Lankhmar novels)
• Nonhuman's Deities (original TSR creations)
• Norse Mythos
• Sumerian Mythos

The third edition version of the book contains only four pantheons:

• A condensed Greyhawk pantheon meant for insertion into any game world ("Core D&D Pantheon")
• Greek Mythos and Heroes ("Olympian Pantheon"), among them: Zeus, Aphrodite, Apollo, Ares, Artemis, Athena, Demeter, Dionysus, Hades, Hecate, Hephaestus, Hera, Hercules, Hermes, Hestia, Nike, Pan, Poseidon and Tyche
• Egyptian Mythos ("Pharaonic Pantheon"), among them: Re-Horakthy, Anubis, Apep, Bast, Bes, Hathor, Imhotep, Isis, Nephthys, Osiris, Ptah, Set, Sobek and Thoth
• Norse Mythos ("Asgardian Pantheon"), among them: Odin, Aegir, Balder, Forseti, Frey, Freya, Frigga, Heimdall, Hel, Hermod, Loki, Njord, Odur, Sif, Skadi, Surtur, Thor, Thrym, Tyr and Uller

The third edition version of the book also discusses in detail how one would go about the creation of their own pantheon, as well as individual gods, for use in Dungeons & Dragons.

Printings

1st Edition Advanced Dungeons & Dragons

TSR published the first version of Deities & Demigods in 1980 as a 144-page hardcover for the first edition Advanced Dungeons & Dragons rules.^[2] This edition, by James M. Ward and Robert J. Kuntz, served to update the material they had earlier included in 1976's Supplement IV: Gods, Demi-gods & Heroes for the original D&D ruleset.^[3] The book presents the game statistics and background information for the gods, heroes, and legendary monsters from different mythologies.^[4] The original edition covered 12 pantheons of gods from myth and folklore, plus gods for various nonhumans, and four fictional groups: the Arthurian heroes, Fritz Leiber's "Newhon Mythos", Michael Moorcock's "Melnibonean Mythos", and H.P. Lovecraft's "Cthulhu Mythos".^[2] These statistics are presented in a fashion similar to that of the Monster Manual, and the statistics are accompanied by illustrations, as well as a short descriptive piece that details under what circumstances the god will appear, what the god might do if he does appear, and what his responsibilities and penchants may be.^[3] The book also details the mythos of these religions, as well as how their clerics should behave, and describes the known planes of existence and how the afterlife applies to characters.^[3] Interior illustrations were submitted by Jeff Dee, Eymoth (Kenneth Rahman), Paul Jaquays, Dave S. LaForce, Jeff Lanners, Erol Otus, Darlene Pekul, Jim Roslof, David C. Sutherland III, and D.A. Trampier.^[5]

The original Deities & Demigods was reviewed by Andy Slack in issue #23 of the magazine White Dwarf (February/March 1981), who gave the book a rating of 8 out of 10. Slack called the book "an integral part of the rules", and he found the quick reference chart for clerics particularly worthwhile, which describe items such as what a cleric should wear, what his holy colors and animals are, when and where he should worship, and what he should sacrifice.^[3] Slack felt that the book provides an alternative to the approach of inventing one's own religions, "which I expect most AD&D DMs will employ".^[3]

For the first 1980 printing, TSR obtained permission from Michael Moorcock for inclusion of Melnibonean material (from his Elric series of books). The Cthulhu Mythos was believed to be in the public domain, so TSR assumed they could legally use it without any special permission. However, Arkham House, who held the copyright on most Cthulhu books had already licensed the Cthulhu property to the game company Chaosium. Furthermore, Chaosium had also licensed the Melnibonéan copyright from Moorcock. When Chaosium threatened legal action, the first printing was halted and the two companies agreed on a compromise: TSR could continue to use the material but must provide a credit to Chaosium to do so. TSR added the credit for the second printing of the book.

The Cthulhu and Melnibonéan mythoi were removed from the 1981 edition, making it a 128-page hardcover (and giving the original edition a high collector's value).^[2] TSR felt its material should not contain such an overt reference to one of its competitors and removed the two pantheons altogether, thus negating the need for the credit. For this reason, the first and second printings have generally been in greater demand by D&D fans and collectors.^[6] The credit to Chaosium and some references to the deleted pantheons were still included in some of the subsequent printings.

For the 1985 printing, the book was repackaged and its name was changed to Legends & Lore.^[1][2] This sixth printing featured the name change to avoid potential conflicts with fundamentalist Christian groups such as Patricia Pulling's BADD. Despite the name change and new cover artwork (by Jeff Easley), the interior material was nearly identical to the fifth printing.^[1]

2nd Edition Advanced Dungeons & Dragons

When the second edition of the Advanced Dungeons & Dragons game was released, a new Legends & Lore was written for it. Cover art is by Jeff Easley, with interior illustrations by George Barr, Terry Dykstra, Erol Otus, Erik Olsen, Jean Elizabeth Martin, Jeff Easley, Carol Heyer, Roger Loveless, John and Laura Lakey, and Keith Parkinson.^[7] Legends & Lore was expanded, completely revised from the 1st Edition AD&D volume, and rewritten for the 2nd Edition rules.^[2] This edition had pared-down content in comparison to the original; the sections on Babylonian, Finnish, Sumerian and non-humanoid deities were wholly excised.^[1] The Central American mythos was renamed the Aztec mythos, while the Nehwon mythos was retained.^[1] A separate sourcebook, Monster Mythology, later covered the non-human deities in much greater detail than any previous source, introducing several new deities in the process. Furthermore the late 2e Planescape book, 'On Hallowed Ground', gave a virtually comprehensive look at the various pantheons present in the D&D shared universe up to that point, and a level of detail not since exceeded.

3rd Edition Dungeons & Dragons

Deities & Demigods for D&D 3rd edition.

For the third edition of Dungeons & Dragons, the name was changed back to Deities & Demigods and the cover artwork was changed again to bring it more in line with other third edition D&D manuals. The interior material bears little resemblance to the previous printings of the book (first through sixth). Additionally, this edition presents only a few historical pantheons and in something of a vacuum, without any reference to or inclusion of their development in previous D&D sources, choosing instead to detail them as one-off campaign options.

Another large difference between the old Legends & Lore and Deities and Demigods, is that the latest edition book is presented with actual stats of deities, which were included in the original Deities & Demigods manual as well. This has created debate on Wizards own forum (FEB 07) as many fans perceive deities to be beyond stats, while others believe they should have stats as well. Those who prefer the deities to be beyond stats, tend to use the stats presented in the book as Avatar stats instead of actual deity stats.

The third edition volume was written by Rich Redman, Skip Williams, and James Wyatt. The cover illustration was by Sam Wood, with interior illustrations by Kyle Anderson, Glen Angus, Matt Cavotta, Dennis Cramer, Tony DiTerlizzi, Jeff Easley, Donato Giancola, Lars Grant-West, Rebecca Guay, Matt Mitchell, Eric Peterson, Wayne Reynolds, Darrell Riche, Richard Sardinha, and Brian Snoddy, with Justin Norman, Arnie Swekel, and Sam Wood.^[8]

4th Edition Dungeons & Dragons

While there has yet to be a complete edition of the book made for the fourth edition of Dungeons & Dragons, several Deities & Demigods articles have appeared in online issues of the Dragon and Dungeon magazines. Each article focuses on a different deity.

Artwork

The artwork for the first several printings of this "cyclopedia" was created by artists Jeff Dee, Erol Otus, Eymoth, Darlene Pekul, Paul Jaquays, Jim Roslof, David S. LaForce, David C. Sutherland III, Jeff Lanners, and David A. Trampier. Each artist usually providing all the artwork for an entire pantheon. Erol Otus produced the cover artwork.

The most recent printings of the book contain illustrations from numerous artists and are more in line with the Wizards of the Coast modern treatment of Dungeons & Dragons. These illustrations are in full color, as compared to the black and white art of the original.

Legal history

Deities & Demigods was one of many items named in a 1992 lawsuit between TSR and Game Designers' Workshop regarding the Dangerous Journeys role-playing game and various rulebooks/sourcebooks designed for that game. One section of this lawsuit argued that "The Plane of Shadow in MYTHUS (pages 190 and 402) and MYTHUS MAGICK (pages 21-22, ...) is derived from the Plane of Shadow in the AD&D DEITIES & DEMIGODS book (Appendix 1, page 129); ..."^[9]

Reception

Lawrence Schick, in his 1991 book Heroic Worlds, was critical of the format used for the original Deities and Demigods: "Unfortunately, the book is usually used merely as a sort of Monster Manual that describes very high-powered monsters. This usage is encouraged by the book's format, which emphasizes the gods' physical abilities over their religious significance."^[2] Shick calls the second edition of Legends & Lore for the 2nd edition rules "a vast improvement... with a much greater emphasis on mythology and the duties of each deity's priesthood".^[2]

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e f} "Dungeons & Dragons FAQ". Wizards of the Coast. Archived from the original on April 6, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5omY07NIV. Retrieved October 3, 2008. 
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h} Schick, Lawrence (1991). Heroic Worlds: A History and Guide to Role-Playing Games. Buffalo, New York: Prometheus Books. p. 94, 104. ISBN 0-87975-653-5. 
3. ^ ^{a b c d e} Slack, Andy (Feb/Mar 1981). "Open Box" (review). White Dwarf (Games Workshop) (23): 21. 
4. ^ Livingstone, Ian (1982). Dicing with Dragons, An Introduction to Role-Playing Games (Revised ed.). Routledge. ISBN 0710094663.  (preview)
5. ^ Ward, James M; Robert J Kuntz (1980). Deities & Demigods. TSR, Inc.. ISBN 0-935696-22-9. 
6. ^ Deities % Demigods from The Acaeum
7. ^ Denning, Troy; James M. Ward (1990). Legends & Lore. TSR, Inc.. ISBN 0-88038-844-7. 
8. ^ Redman, Rich; Skip Williams, James Wyatt (2002). Deities & Demigods. Wizards of the Coast. ISBN 0786926546. 
9. ^ "TSR, INC, Plaintiff v. GAME DESIGNERS' WORKSHOP, INC. d/b/a GDW, INC., and GDW, OMEGA HELIOS, LTD., and E. GARY GYGAX". http://www.darkshire.net/jhkim/rpg/copyright/cases/tsr_vs_gdw2.txt. Retrieved 2008-01-10. 

Additional reading

• "Tuatha de Danaan", Dragon #65.
• Reviews: Different Worlds #19 (1982), The Space Gamer #34 (1980); Legends & Lore was reviewed in White Wolf #27 (1991)

External links

• Deities & Demigods (first edition) from the Pen & Paper RPG Database
• Legends & Lore (second edition) from the Pen & Paper RPG Database
• Deities & Demigods / Legends & Lore from the Acaeum.com
• http://www.rpg.net/news+reviews/reviews/rev_7815.html
• http://www.rpg.net/reviews/archive/12/12867.phtml