Chernivtsi University

Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University
University of Chernivtsi (Main Entrance)
Established	October 4 1875
Type	Public
Chancellor	Stepan Vasylovych Melnychuk
Location	Chernivtsi, Ukraine 48°17′47.91″N 25°55′29.66″E / 48.2966417°N 25.9249056°E / 48.2966417; 25.9249056Coordinates: 48°17′47.91″N 25°55′29.66″E / 48.2966417°N 25.9249056°E / 48.2966417; 25.9249056
Affiliations	EUA
Website	www.chnu.edu.ua

Residence of Bukovinian and Dalmatian Metropolitans *
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Country	Ukraine
Type	Cultural
Criteria	ii, iii, iv
Reference	1330
Region **	Europe and North America
Inscription history
Inscription	2011 (35th Session)
* Name as inscribed on World Heritage List ** Region as classified by UNESCO

The Chernivtsi National University (full name Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University Ukrainian: Чернівецький національний університет імені Юрія Федьковича) is the leading Ukrainian institution for higher education in northern Bukovina, in Chernivtsi, a city in southwest Ukraine.

The architectural ensemble of the university is included on the list of UNESCO World Heritage Site.

History

The University was founded as a Franz-Josefs Universität in 1875 on the basis of the Czernowitz Higher Theological School. Originally, the main language of instruction was German with separate departments for Ukrainian and Romanian language and literature. During the period of Austro-Hungarian rule the university operated three faculties: Orthodox theology, law and philosophy. At the time the majority of the students were Jewish and German Austrians, while Ukrainians and Romanians comprised for about 20%–25% of the student body.

After Romanian military occupation of Bukovyna, in 1918 the university was renamed Universitatea Regele Carol I din Cernăuţi. The current building of the university dates from 1920–22, and was commissioned by the Romanian government. From 1919 to 1940 the university was largely Rumanized; the Ukrainian department was abolished, Ukrainian professors were dismissed and instruction was fully switched to Romanian. In 1933, of 3,247 students, there were 2,117 Romanians, 679 Jews, 199 Germans, 155 Ukrainians (decreasing from 239 out of 1671 students in 1920), 57 Poles, 26 Russians and 4 of other nationalities. Ion Nistor, a prominent Romanian historian and one of the most vocal proponents of Greater Romanian nationalism was the university rector for many years.

Upon the 1940 Soviet takeover of northern Bukovina, the territory was attached to the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and the primary language in the university was switched to Ukrainian. The university, renamed Chernivtsi State University, was significantly expanded and reorganized. Teaching of science was greatly increased and the theological department was dissolved and then reopened in 1996. In 1989 the university was named to honor Yuriy Fedkovych, a prominent Ukrainian writer, a native of Bukovina. In the Soviet years, the number of Romanian students at the university declined sharply. In 1991–92, the last year of Soviet rule, the number of Romanian students was only 4.44% (434 out of 9,769).^[1] Among teaching faculty, the breakdown by nationalities is as follows: Ukrainian teachers 465 (77.1%), Russians 102 (16.9%), Moldovans 9 (1.4%), Romanians 7 (1.1%), Belarusians 6 (0.9%), etc.

Since 2000, when the university was awarded National status, it operates under its current name: Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University.

By decision of Session of Council of European University Association, held in Brussels on January 15, 2009, Yuri Fedkovich Chernivtsi National University was granted a full individual membership in European University Association (EUA http://www.eua.be/).

Libraries

The university library was founded in 1852 as Krayova Library — the first public library in Bukovina. By 2004, its total book stock included 2,554,000 copies and among them 1,215,000 copies of scientific literature, 171,000 of textbooks and manuals, and 648,000 of fiction. The fund of foreign books contains 376,000 works in German, Romanian, English, Latin, Polish, Ancient Greek, French, Hebraic, Yiddish and other languages.

The scientific library includes 11 departments: collection, scientific processing, native fund preservation, foreign fund preservation, rare and valuable books, book borrowing, reading halls, branch, cultural work, information technologies and information-bibliographic.

References

1. ^ [1]

Notes

• chnu.edu.ua - Chernivtsi University official site
• Chernivtsi University in Encyclopedia of Ukraine
• chnu.cv.ua - The architectural complex of Bukovian metropolitan's residence

See also

• List of modern universities in Europe (1801–1945)