Struve Geodetic Arc

Infobox World Heritage Site
WHS = Struve Geodetic Arc


State Party =

Type = Cultural
Criteria = ii, iv, vi
ID = 1187
Region = Europe and North America
Year = 2005
Session = 29th
Link = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1187

The Struve Geodetic Arc is a chain of survey triangulations stretching from Hammerfest in Norway to the Black Sea, through ten countries and over 2,820 km. The chain was established and used by the German-born Russian scientist Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve in the years 1816 to 1855 to establish the exact size and shape of the earth. At that time, the chain passed merely through two countries: Sweden-Norway and the Russian Empire. The Arc's first point is located in Tartu Observatory, where Struve conducted much of his research. In 2005, the chain was inscribed on the World Heritage List.

Measurement of the triangulation chain took place between 1816 and 1855. It comprises 258 main triangles and 265 geodetic vertices. The northernmost point is located near Hammerfest in Norway and the southernmost point near the Black Sea in Ukraine.

Chain

Norway

*Fuglenes in Hammerfest
*Raipas in Alta
*Luvdiidcohkka in Kautokeino
*Baelljasvarri in Kautokeino

Sweden

*"Pajtas-vaara" (Tynnyrilaki) in Kiruna
*"Kerrojupukka" (Jupukka) in Pajala
*Pullinki in Övertorneå
*"Perra-vaara" (Perävaara) in Haparanda

Finland

*Stuor-Oivi (currently Stuorrahanoaivi) in Enontekiö (Enontekis in Swedish)
*Avasaksa (currently Aavasaksa) in Ylitornio (Övertorneå in Swedish)
*Tornea (currently Alatornion kirkko) in Tornio (Torneå in Swedish)
*Puolakka (currently Oravivuori) in Korpilahti
*Porlom II (currently Tornikallio) in Lapinjärvi (Lappträsk in Swedish)
*Svartvira (currently Mustaviiri) in Pyhtää (Pyttis in Swedish)

Russia

*"Mäki-päälys" (Mäkinpäällys) in Hogland
*"Hogland, Z" (Gogland, Tochka Z) in Hogland (coord|60|5|9.8|N|26|57|37.5|E|type:landmark_region:RU)

Estonia

*"Woibifer" (Võivere) in Avanduse
*"Katko" (Simuna) in Avanduse
*"Dorpat" (Tartu Observatory) in Tartu. (coord|58|22|43.64|N|26|43|12.61|E|type:landmark_region:EE)

Latvia

*"Sestu-Kalns" (Ziestu) in Sausneja
*"Jacobstadt" (Jekabpils) in Jekabpils

Lithuania

*"Karischki" (Gireišiai) in Panemunėlis
*"Meschkanzi" (Meškonys) in Nemenčinė
*"Beresnäki" (Paliepiukai) in Nemėžis

Belarus

*"Tupischki" (Tupishki) in Oshmyany district (coord|54|17|29|N|26|2|43|E|type:landmark_region:BY)
*"Lopati" (Lopaty) in Zelva district (coord|53|33|37|N|24|52|11|E|type:landmark_region:BY)
*"Ossownitza" (Ossovnitsa) in Ivanovo district (coord|52|17|21|N|25|38|58|E|type:landmark_region:BY)
*"Tchekutsk" (Chekutsk) in Ivanovo district (coord|52|12|55|N|25|33|12|E|type:landmark_region:BY)
*"Leskowitschi" (Leskovichi) in Ivanovo district (coord|52|9|38|N|25|34|17|E|type:landmark_region:BY)

Moldova

*"Rudi" near Rudi village, Soroca district (coord|48|19|05|N|27|52|35|E|type:landmark_region:MD)

Ukraine

*Katerinowka in Antonivka, Khmelnytsky Oblast (coord|49|33|57|N|26|45|22|E| )
*Felschtin in Hvardiiske, Khmelnytsky Oblast (coord|49|19|48|N|26|40|55|E| )
*Baranowka in Baranivka, Khmelnytsky Oblast (coord|49|08|55|N|26|59|30|E| )
*Staro-Nekrassowka (Stara Nekrasivka) in Nekrasivka, Odessa Oblast (coord|45|19|54|N|28|55|41|E| )

External links

* [http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1187 Listing on UNESCO website]
* [http://whc.unesco.org/archive/advisory_body_evaluation/1187.pdf A UNESCO article about the chain]
* [http://www.fig.net/news/news_2004/struve.htm FIG - Proposal to UNESCO for the Struve Geodetic Arc to become a World Heritage Monument]
* [http://www.fig.net/hsm/struve/struve_arc_smith_2005.pdf J.R. Smith. The Struve Geodetic Arc]

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