Nenets languages

Nenets
Ethnicity:	Nenets people
Geographic distribution:	Russia: Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Komi Republic, Murmansk Oblast[citation needed]
Linguistic classification:	Uralic Samoyedic (core) Enets–Nenets Nenets
Subdivisions:	Forest Nenets Tundra Nenets

The Nenets language refers to either of two languages spoken in northern Russia by the Nenets people. They are often treated as being two dialects of the same language, but they are very different and mutual intelligibility is very low. The languages are Tundra Nenets, the bigger language of the two in number of speakers, spoken by some 30,000 to 40,000 people^[1][2] in an area stretching from the Kanin Peninsula to the Yenisei River;^[3] and Forest Nenets, spoken by 1,000 to 1,500 people around the Agan, Pur, Lyamin and Nadym rivers.^[1][2]

The Nenets languages are classified in the Uralic language family, making them distantly related to some European national languages – namely Finnish, Estonian, and Hungarian – in addition to other minority languages spoken in Russia. Both of the Nenets languages have been greatly influenced by Russian. Tundra Nenets has, to a lesser degree, been influenced by Komi, and Northern Khanty. Forest Nenets has also been influenced by Eastern Khanty. Tundra Nenets is well documented, considering its status as an indigenous- and minority language, also having a literary tradition going back to the 1930s, while Forest Nenets was first written during the 1990s and is only very little documented.^[2]

Apart from the word 'Nenets', only one other Nenets word has entered the English language: 'parka', their traditional long hooded jacket made from skins and sometimes fur.^[4][5]

External links

• Tundra Nenets website
• Forest Nenets – English glossary
• The Russian–Nenets Audio Phrasebook
• Comparative Nenets–Nganasan dictionary (with Russian and English equivalents)

References

Note

1. ^ ^{a b} Ethnologue
2. ^ ^{a b c} Salminen, Tapani, Ackerman, Farrell (2006). "Nenets". In Brown, Keith. Encyclopedia of Languages & Linguistics. 8 (2 ed.). Oxford, England: Elsevier. pp. 577–579. 
3. ^ Staroverov, Peter (2006). Vowel deletion and stress in Tundra Nenets. Moscow, Russia. p. 1. 
4. ^ "parka" in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
5. ^ Games, Alex (2007). Balderdash & Piffle: One Sandwich Short of a Dog's Dinner. London: BBC. ISBN 978-1846072352. ^{[unreliable source?]}